1、Unit 9 Learning B卷 能力提升2021-2022学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册单元测试AB卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A I was taking in the breathtaking view at the top of Sydney Harbour Bridge when I sensed I was about to witness something even more dramatic right in front of
2、me. Although we were all tied to lines running along the steel girders, a fellow climber called Mike had somehow managed to drop to one knee and turn to face his girlfriend, Wendy. I knew what was coming. Wendy, will you marry me? he asked. There was a quick smile and an attempted kiss and then a bi
3、g beam. Mike had the answer he hoped for and all of us burst into a round of applause. Apparently more than 2,000 couples have become engaged at the summit since 1998, when it became possible to climb it in organised tour groups. The bridge, perhaps the most recognised symbol of this beautiful city,
4、 opened in 1932. Its still the worlds largest steel-arch bridge. We returned to the fantastic view; the famous Sydney Opera House, ferries and sailboats making their way through the harbour, the city skylinebut I had to force myself to look down. We had climbed 1,423 steps to the top of the bridge a
5、nd I didnt know whether to be delighted or scared. Nicole Kidman has done it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities. But climbing to the top clearly isnt just for the rich and the famous. On the contrary , Australian youngsters do it to celebrate their 12th birthday
6、s. (You have to be at least 12 years old to do the climb.) A 100-year-old woman climbed it and told guides it was on her list of things to do before death. You can climb during the day, at twilight, or even after dark with headlamps. People climb in all weathers except when theres lightning in the a
7、rea. In fact, over two million people have made the three-and-a-half-hour climb to the top of the famous bridgean adventure that cannot be done anywhere else in the world on a bridge this big. Thats probably why this climb has won a lot of tourism awards. Today, the climb is firmly on the to-do list
8、 for locals as well as tourists.1.What can we learn about the bridge?A.Getting engaged on the bridge is quite rare.B.People climb the bridge at climbers age.C.There are no limitations on climbers age.D.Many famous people have done the climb.2.How did the author feel when he climbed to the top of the
9、 bridge?A.Bored and tired.B.Fearful and confused.C.Excited and nervous.D.Relieved and relaxed.3.What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?A.To introduce the popularity of the bridge.B.To emphasise the importance of the bridge.C.To explain the functions of the bridge.D.To describe the fantas
10、tic view from the bridge.B We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning. We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the
11、 kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. We are used to passive learning, and its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept wh
12、at we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumour. Did you ever play the game Rumour? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and
13、so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed. Thats what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in thei
14、r own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen to improve on it, stamping(打上标记) it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know. This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as fact by another, who m
15、ay in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.1.According to the passage, what situation may passive learning occur in?
16、A.Doing a medical experiment.B.Solving a math problem.C.Visiting an exhibition.D.Doing scientific reasoning.2.What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Active learning.B.Knowledge.C.Communication.D.Passive learning.3.Why does the author mention the game Rumour?A.To show that a messa
17、ge may be changed when being passed on.B.To show that a message should be delivered in different ways.C.To show that people may have problems with their sense of hearing.D.To show that people tend not to believe in what they know as rumour.4.What can we infer from the passage?A.Active learning is le
18、ss important.B.Passive learning may not be reliable.C.Active learning occurs more frequently.D.Passive learning is not found among scholars.C Believe it or not, the size of the human brain has become smaller over the past 20,000 years. Scientists argue over whether this means we are becoming more or
19、 less intelligent as a species. Id call that major downsizing in an evolutionary eye blink (眨眼), John Hawks told Discover magazine. Why is the brain becoming smaller?There are different theories to explain it. One is that tens of thousands of years ago, to survive in cold and dangerous conditions, h
20、umans needed a stronger and larger body and therefore, a larger head. Also they had to chew the tough meat of rabbits, foxes and horses. As conditions improved, the brain stopped growing, according to supporters of this theory. Another theory comes from a recent study by David Geary and Drew Bailey.
21、 They found that brain size decreased as population density (密度) increased. As complex societies appeared, the brain became smaller because people did not have to be that smart to stay alive, Geary told AFP(法新社). But smaller brain size does not necessarily mean that modem humans are less smart than
22、their ancestors. Modem humans simply developed different, more complex forms of intelligence, said Brian Hare. Hares studies focus on two types of great apes: chimpanzees and bonobos. Both are much like humans, but are physically quite different from one another. The bonobo has a smaller brain than
23、the chimpanzee, and is also much less aggressive and more tolerant. When it comes to working out a problem, Hare said, chimpanzees are much less likely to accomplish it if it involves working together. Not so with bonobos. The smaller brain in modern humans may be evidence that we can cooperate, Har
24、e told the US National Public Radio.1.Which of the following words can be used to replace the underlined word in Paragraph 2?A.Speed.B.Increase.C.Decline.D.Change.2.We can learn from the passage that _.A.the size of human brain has something to do with many factorsB.the brain size increases because
25、of the increase of population densityC.the abilities of bonobos and chimpanzees are almost the sameD.modern humans can certainly do teamwork better than other species3.According to Brian Hare, _.A.bonobos are much likely to cooperate better than chimpanzeesB.chimpanzees tend to work well with others
26、C.modern humans are less smart than their ancestorsD.small brains are certainly connected with intelligent beings4.Which of following is probably the best title of the passage?A.Bonobos or ChimpanzeesWhich Is Smarter?B.Smaller BrainLess Intelligent?C.Human Beings or AnimalsWho Is More Intelligent?D.
27、Human Brains?D There is a popular saying in the English language: Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. Well, that is not true. Unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called the silent treatment can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more s
28、o. A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal(言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain. The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young adults, aged 18 to 25. These young me
29、n and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents. The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects. The images showe
30、d that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum(胼胝体). This was the area that was u
31、nderdeveloped. The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period have the biggest effect. The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests sh
32、owed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study. The researchers published their findings online on the American Journal of Psychiatrys website. Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepa
33、re their children.1.Why does the author use the popular saying at the beginning?A.To show the power of words.B.To introduce an opposite view.C.To prove the authors argument.D.To show ancient peoples wisdom.2.What did the subjects have in common?A.They were hurt by unkind words.B.They performed poorl
34、y in imaging tests.C.They had their brain slightly damaged.D.They experienced no physical abuse at home.3.What will be discussed in the next paragraph?A.Comments on the findings.B.Approaches to further studies.C.Suggestions to parents.D.Different opinions on the matter.4.What is the main idea of the
35、 passage?A.The way we speak matters.B.Verbal violence should be stopped.C.Unkind words hurt the brain.D.Words are worse than sticks and stones.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Before COVID-19, self-carecaring for ourselvesmay have not been a priority for many peopl
36、e. _. There is no exact way to practice self-care. It includes many areas and may look different from person to person. Here are some suggestions on what can be done. _ For some people, self-care may be simply slowing down. It can also mean controlling parts of your life that you can control. This i
37、s important when the world around you feels out of control. Learn something new For some people, self-care might include doing things they have always wanted to do but never made time for. _. Mental health self-care Another form of self-care is making time to meet with a mental health specialist, if
38、 needed. The Associated Press reports that online mental health services have increased during the pandemic. However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possible for some people. _. Meditating, writing about your feelings and problems, and organizing the physical space around you a
39、re all forms of self-care. Be kind to yourselfthe best type of self-care Experts remind us that self-care during the pandemic could feel like riding a roller coasterup some days, down on others. It can help to have a routinea usual way of doing things. But experts say keep the routine simple. _. Rem
40、ember, be kind to yourself.A. Never feel out of controlB. Slow down and feel in controlC. But now it is even more important than usualD. So doctors have suggestions for other ways to reduce stress during the pandemicE. Self-care includes both individual wellness and the wellness of the greater commu
41、nityF. It is also important not to be hard on yourself if you do not keep to your routine every dayG. These things include baking, gardening, and learning a new language or some other new skills第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tom was a middle
42、-aged businessman whose repeated failure in his work made him an upset man, often complaining (抱怨) that others had been playing tricks on him. One day he told his wife he was so 1 with the city that he had to leave. So his family moved to 2 city. It was in the evening of a weekend when Tom and his w
43、ife were busy 3 up their new home that the light suddenly went out. So they had to 4 work. Because Tom had forgotten to bring along candles, he had to wait helplessly in a bad mood. Just then he heard gentle knocks on his door that sounded clear in the 5 night. Whos it? he wondered, since Tom had no
44、 6 in the new city. And this was the moment that he especially disliked being disturbed or troubled. 7 , he went unwillingly to the door and opened it impatiently. At the door was a little girl, shyly asking, Sir, do you have 8 ? Im your neighbour. No! Tom answered in anger and shut the door 9 . He
45、complained about it to his wife, As soon as we settled down, the neighbour came to borrow things. After a while, the door was knocked on again. He opened it and found the 10 girl outside. But this time she was holding two candles, saying,My grandma told me the new neighbour downstairs might need can
46、dles. She 11 me here to give you these. Tom was very 12 by what he saw. When he fully understood, he said, Thank you and your 13 . God bless you! At that moment he suddenly realized what caused his 14 in lifehis coldness and unkindness. The person who had cheated him in life was in reality nobody el
47、se but himself, for he had fallen for his heartless 15 .1.A. inspiredB. satisfiedC. disappointedD. encouraged2.A. anyB. otherC. everyD. another3.A. endingB. lookingC. cleaningD. turning4.A. quitB. startC. changeD. continue5.A. darkB. quietC. noisyD. crowded6.A. doctorsB. friendsC. strangersD. audience7.A. SoB. AlthoughC. HoweverD. Moreover8.A. beersB. rollsC. platesD. candles9.A. humblyB. stronglyC. slightlyD. entirely10.A. sameB. prettyC. energeticD. confident11.A. sentB. forcedC. prohibitedD. suggested12.A. pleasedB. puzzledC. surprisedD. frightened13.A. bro
