1、B2U4 Using language-ing as adverbial现在分词作状语现在分词作状语动词动词-ing-ing形式作状语时形式作状语时, ,在句中表示时间、在句中表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作, ,相当于对应的相当于对应的状语从句或并列句状语从句或并列句。现在分词的现在分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，必须和句中的主语必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系含有逻辑上的主谓关系， 否则不能用现在分词作状语。否则不能用现在分词作状语。一、现在分词作状语的形式一、现在分词作状语的形式主动语态主动语态被动语态被动
2、语态一般式一般式doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成式完成式having having doingdoinghaving been having been donedone温馨提示温馨提示1. 当现在分词的动词与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,用分词的一般式。u Seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt happy. (seeing与felt同时发生) 看到美丽的景色,孩子们很高兴。2. 当现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前时,用分词的完成式。u Having written the letter,John went
3、to the post office. (having written发生在went之前) 写完信后,约翰去了邮局。Examples1.1. SeeingSeeing the beautiful sight, the children felt happy. 2. I am very pleased at your being chosenbeing chosen a member of the school volleyball team. 我很高兴你能被选为学校排球队的队员。3.3. Having writtenHaving written the letter,John went to
4、the post office.4. I forgot once having been takenhaving been taken to the city zoo. 我忘了曾经被带到过城市动物园。 二、现在分词作状语的基本功能二、现在分词作状语的基本功能1.1.作时间状语。作时间状语。通常放在句首通常放在句首, ,相当于相当于whenwhen/ / whilewhile/ / afterafter等等引导的时间状语从句。引导的时间状语从句。 Putting on his clothes (=After he put on his clothes), Bill went out in a h
5、urry. 穿上衣服后, 比尔匆忙离开了。 Arriving at the party(=When she arrived at the party), she found all the people gone. 到达聚会时,她发现所有的人都走了。2.2. 作原因状语。作原因状语。通常放在句首通常放在句首, ,相当于相当于asas/ / becausebecause/ / sincesince/ / now thatnow that 等引导的原因状语从句。等引导的原因状语从句。 Being ill (=As he was ill)Being ill (=As he was ill), he
6、could not walk any farther. 因为生病,他不能再往前走了。 Being anxious about his childs safetyBeing anxious about his childs safety (=Because he was anxious about his (=Because he was anxious about his childs safety)childs safety), he couldnt fall asleep. 因为担心孩子的安全,他不能入睡。3.3. 作条件状语。作条件状语。通常放在句首通常放在句首,相当于相当于if if/
7、 / unlessunless等引导的条件状语等引导的条件状语从句。从句。 Using a new method(=If we use a new Using a new method(=If we use a new method),method), we can finish our task ahead of time. 如果我们使用新方法,就能提前完成任务。 Going straight down the road,you will find Going straight down the road,you will find the canteen.the canteen. (=Un
8、less you go straight (=Unless you go straight down the road,down the road, you wont find the canteen.) 沿着这条路一直走, 你就会找到食堂。4.4. 作让步状语。作让步状语。通常放在句首通常放在句首,相当于相当于althoughalthough/ / thoughthough等引导的等引导的让步状语从句。让步状语从句。 Knowing all this(=Although they knew all Knowing all this(=Although they knew all this),
9、this), they still made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。 Knowing where I live(=Though he knows Knowing where I live(=Though he knows where I live), where I live), he never comes to see me. 尽管知道我住在哪里,他也从来没有来看过我。5.5. 作结果状语。作结果状语。通常通常位于句末且中间有逗号位于句末且中间有逗号, 相当于一个并列分句。相当于一个并列分句。Her parents move
10、d to Beijing, leaving the house to her(=and left the house to her). 她的父母搬去了北京,把房子留给了她。温馨提示温馨提示: :动词动词-ing-ing形式形式作结果状语作结果状语, ,表示表示自然而然的结果自然而然的结果。而动词而动词不定式不定式作结果状语则表示作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果出乎意料的结果, ,且且常与常与only only 连用连用。Examples1. I built all my hopes on his promises, onlyonly to find to find that he was not
11、 an honest person.2. The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, thus makingmaking it one of the best sellers at that time.6.6. 作方式状语。作方式状语。现在分词作方式状语时表示现在分词作方式状语时表示行为方式或补充说明行为方式或补充说明， 既可放在既可放在句首句首，也可放在，也可放在句尾句尾，相当于一个由，相当于一个由andand连接的连接的并列句并列句。 Using this way, he solved the problem. 他用这种方法解决了这个问题。
12、 He used this way and solved the problem. 7.7. 作伴随状语。作伴随状语。用来说明动作发生的背景或状况用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下一般情况下, 现在分词现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行, 其其动作发出者就是句动作发出者就是句子的主语子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作。谓语动词是主要动作, 分词是次要动作。分词是次要动作。 He was walking along the street, lookinglooking this way and that. 他在街上走着, 左顾右盼。 They all stood
13、 there, watchingwatching closely as the magician did the tricks. 他们都站在那里, 密切注视着魔术师的表演。1. (work) among the workers for many years, he knew them very well.2. (praise) for the job, Tom worked harder.3. He was caught in the rain, (make) himself catch a cold.4. I hurried to school,only (find) it was Sund
14、ay.5. she heard of the news, she was very excited.PracticeHaving workedHaving workedHaving been praisedHaving been praisedmakingmakingto findto findWhenWhen Today I performed in the school play. I did a good job! 1_(see) all my family and friends in the audience applaud me, I 2_(feel) so confident a
15、nd grateful. At first, I hadnt realised how much work it would be. The teacher was very strict, 3_(make) me so nervous that I would forget my lines. I often stayed up late at night 4_(practise) my part. 5_(feel) extremely discouraged, I almost gave up. But thanks to the support of my teacher, parent
16、s and friends, I overcame my fears, 6_(know) that I did the best I could. Its an unforgettable experience. No pain, no gain, as the saying goes.Friday 15 MayComplete the Complete the journal entry with journal entry with the correct form the correct form of the verbs in of the verbs in brackets.brac
17、kets.Seeing felt making to practiseFeeling knowing1.1. Seeing all my family and friends in the Seeing all my family and friends in the audience audience applaudapplaud me, I felt so confident and me, I felt so confident and gratefulgrateful. . applaud sb. for sth.applaud sb. for sth. 因某事而赞同某人因某事而赞同某
18、人applauseapplause n. n. 鼓掌鼓掌be grateful be grateful to sb.to sb. for sth. for sth. 因某事而感谢某人因某事而感谢某人I would be grateful if you could .I would be grateful if you could . 如果你能如果你能.，我将不胜感激，我将不胜感激2.2. Feeling extremely Feeling extremely discourageddiscouraged, I almost , I almost gave upgave up. . discou
19、rage vt.discourage vt. 使泄气，使沮丧使泄气，使沮丧discourage sb. from doing sth. discourage sb. from doing sth. 组织某人做某事组织某人做某事discouragementdiscouragement n. n. discouraging adj.discouraging adj. 反义词反义词？3.3. But But thanks tothanks to the support of my teacher, the support of my teacher, parents and friends, I p
20、arents and friends, I overcameovercame my fears, my fears, knowing that I did the best I could.knowing that I did the best I could. “ “幸亏，由于幸亏，由于”短语短语？due to/ owing to/ because of/due to/ owing to/ because of/on account of/ as a result ofon account of/ as a result ofovercome-overcame-overcomeovercom
21、e-overcame-overcome4.4. No pain, no gainNo pain, no gain, , asas the saying goes. the saying goes. I went to watch the ballet The Peony Pavilion last night. Because I thought ballet was more or less the same everywhere, I was totally unprepared for its unique beauty. As soon as the curtain rose, I w
22、as absorbed. The performance borrowed a lot from Chinese dance and music, so the Eastern influence on the ballet was clear. The production was full of colours and romantic symbols, and challenged my senses in new ways. I enjoyed it so much that its changed my opinion about ballet. I cant wait to go
23、again!Rewrite the Rewrite the paragraph using paragraph using the the -ing-ing form. form.Suggested answer:Suggested answer: I went to watch the ballet The Peony Pavilion last night. Having thought Having thought ballet was more or less the same everywhere, I was totally unprepared for its unique be
24、auty. As soon as the curtain rose, I was absorbed. BorrowingBorrowing a lot from Chinese dance and music, the Eastern influence on the ballet was clear. The production was full of colours and romantic symbols, challengingchallenging my senses in new ways. EnjoyingEnjoying it so much, I have changed
25、my opinion about ballet. I cant wait to go again!1.1. As soon as the curtain rose, I was As soon as the curtain rose, I was absorbedabsorbed. .absorb vt.absorb vt. 吸收，吸引；使专心；理解，掌握吸收，吸引；使专心；理解，掌握 使并入，吞并使并入，吞并be/get absorbed in=absorb onself in be/get absorbed in=absorb onself in 专心致志于专心致志于absorbing a
26、dj. absorbing adj. 吸引人的，引人入胜的吸引人的，引人入胜的 “ “专心致志于专心致志于”短语？短语？Look at the picture and answer the questions.Look at the picture and answer the questions. cartoon news programme comedy nature documentary talk show talent showRead and match the descriptions to the exercises in Activity 5. Read and match
27、the descriptions to the exercises in Activity 5. Underline the words and expressions describing their benefits.Underline the words and expressions describing their benefits.I absolutely loved last nights episode of Best Singer! It was very exciting and totally I absolutely loved last nights episode
28、of Best Singer! It was very exciting and totally unforgettable. Each of the contestantsunforgettable. Each of the contestants put on put on a wonderful performance-they all really a wonderful performance-they all really wanted to win ! The final winner was so talented.wanted to win ! The final winne
29、r was so talented.The Real Lives of Leopards-what an amazing programme! Leopards are suchThe Real Lives of Leopards-what an amazing programme! Leopards are such appealing appealing creatures. Incredible photography of them in the wild. Highly recommended!creatures. Incredible photography of them in
30、the wild. Highly recommended!I used to love A Good Laugh and I watched it every week. It was so popular, but now I used to love A Good Laugh and I watched it every week. It was so popular, but now its got really boring. The jokes arent funny at all. What a waste of time!its got really boring. The jo
31、kes arent funny at all. What a waste of time!Monkey King: Hero is Back is my favourite! The Monkey King is really cool, and definitely a hero Monkey King: Hero is Back is my favourite! The Monkey King is really cool, and definitely a hero to me ! I also enjoy the creative plot and settings. The writ
32、ers and artists have such great to me ! I also enjoy the creative plot and settings. The writers and artists have such great imaginations. Im thrilled to see Chinese culture presented in such an amazing and magical way.imaginations. Im thrilled to see Chinese culture presented in such an amazing and
33、 magical way.I like to know whats going on in the world first thing in the morning, so I never miss this I like to know whats going on in the world first thing in the morning, so I never miss this programme! It has all the headlines and market information you could possibly need. And programme! It h
34、as all the headlines and market information you could possibly need. And theres a handy traffic report, too!theres a handy traffic report, too!I watched Talk King last night, but I didnt like it. What a rude person the host was! He hardly let I watched Talk King last night, but I didnt like it. What
35、 a rude person the host was! He hardly let his guests say a word! Its a wonder they didnt walk out of the studio.his guests say a word! Its a wonder they didnt walk out of the studio.c c e e d d a a b b f f1.1. Each of the contestants Each of the contestants put onput on a wonderful a wonderful perf
36、ormance-they all really wanted to win ! performance-they all really wanted to win ! putput 相关短语相关短语 表演（节目），穿上，增加，播放表演（节目），穿上，增加，播放 put up put out put off put on put forward put aside put away put up with 建造；张贴；举起；提高建造；张贴；举起；提高扑灭；熄灭；生产；出版扑灭；熄灭；生产；出版推迟；延期推迟；延期穿上，戴上；上演；穿上，戴上；上演；举行举行提出，提议；将提出，提议；将.提前提前不
37、考虑；存（钱）备用不考虑；存（钱）备用将将.收起来收起来忍受，容忍忍受，容忍2.2. Leopards are such Leopards are such appealingappealing creatures and creatures and the cubs are adorable!the cubs are adorable!appeal vi.appeal vi. 有感染力的；呼吁；求助有感染力的；呼吁；求助 n.n.呼吁；恳求呼吁；恳求appeal appeal to sb.to sb. for sth. for sth. 为某事呼吁某人为某事呼吁某人make an appea
38、l to sb. to do sth. make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁呼吁/ /恳求某人做某事恳求某人做某事 adj.adj.有吸引力的，有趣的有吸引力的，有趣的Listen to the Listen to the conversation and conversation and choose the correct choose the correct memo. memo. 2 Meet at London Victoria Take a coach to Castle Cary Camp for four nights Take a tent
39、and a rain jacket 1 Meet at London Paddington Take a train to Castle Cary Stay in a hotel for four nights Take a rain jacket and food3 Meet at London Victoria Take a coach to the festival site Camp for four nights Take a tent and an umbrellaListen again and Listen again and complete the plete the fl
40、yer.Make arrangements toMake arrangements to attend a concert in attend a concert in another city.another city.arrange v.arrange v. 安排，筹备安排，筹备arrange to do sth. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事安排做某事arrangement n.arrangement n.安排，筹备安排，筹备come to an arrangementcome to an arrangement 谈妥，达成协议谈妥，达成协议安排做某事安排做某事Thank you!
