1、Grammar To learn Question tags2. To learn four sentence types: Statements Questions Imperatives ExclamationsObjectives语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。法规律。 Its a nice crown, isnt it?2. The
2、crown maker tricked me, didnt he?3. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history, havent we?4. Birds rarely build nests in our garden, do they? 5. Lets start out early tomorrow morning, shall we? 6. Dont open the door, will you?1. Its a nice crown, _?2. The crown maker tricked me, _?3
3、. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history, _?4. Birds rarely build nests in our garden, _? 5. Lets start out early tomorrow morning, _? 6. Dont open the door, _?gohavent we Ready?isnt itdidnt hedo theyshall wewill youLearning how to repair motors takes a long time, _? A. doesnt i
4、t B. dont they C. does it D. do they 8以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。该语法项的重难点。概念概念反意疑问句反意疑问句(Question tags)即附加疑问句。即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。翻译为对方证实。翻译为“是吗是吗”。结构结构反义疑问句由两部分组成反义疑问句由两部分组成(该两部分的人该
5、两部分的人称时态应保持一致称时态应保持一致) ：陈述句：陈述句+简短问句。简短问句。两部分之间用逗号隔开。两部分之间用逗号隔开。陈述部分肯定式陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式疑问部分否定式陈述部分否定式陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式疑问部分肯定式主要主要形式形式读法规则读法规则 反义疑问句陈述部分用降调，问句部分反义疑问句陈述部分用降调，问句部分可升可降。提问者对陈述部分把握较大可升可降。提问者对陈述部分把握较大时，问句部分用降调；反之用升调。时，问句部分用降调；反之用升调。速记方法速记方法前肯后否，前否后肯前肯后否，前否后肯，前，前be后后be，前情，前情态后情态，前无态后情态，前无be或情态
6、后加助，并改或情态后加助，并改为否定，时态一致。为否定，时态一致。回答回答对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果如果事实事实是是肯定肯定的，就用的，就用yes，事实事实是是否定否定的，的，就要用就要用no。但是，翻译成汉语意思刚好相反，。但是，翻译成汉语意思刚好相反，这种回答的这种回答的yes要译成要译成“不不”，no要译成要译成“是是”。He likes playing football, doesnt he? 他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 是的。是的。/ 不是。不是。H
7、is sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不，她参加了。不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加。是的，她没参加。用法：用法： 当陈述句中含有当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，上主语人称代词构成， Be动词包括：动词包括： am, is, are, was, were 助动词有：助动词有： do, does, did, have/has(用
8、在现在完成时用在现在完成时) 情态动词有：情态动词有： can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, shouldEg:The Green werent at home last night, were they? You often watch TV in the evening, dont you? The boys will play games, wont they? You have been skating for five hours, havent you?2. 反意疑问句的陈述部分带有反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little,
9、 few, never, hardly, seldom, nobody, nothing等等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：She never tells a lie, does she? (不用不用doesnt she?)He was seldom late, was he? (不用不用wasnt he?)3. 祈使句用于反意疑问句中祈使句用于反意疑问句中a. 肯定的祈使句，肯定的祈使句， 用用will you(表示请求表示请求) / wont you(表示提醒表示提醒)。 Listen to me, will you (wont you)? b.
10、 否定的祈使句，否定的祈使句， 用用will you。 Dont play with fire, will you?c. Lets 和和 Let us的祈使句的祈使句:Lets go to school, shall we?Let us help you, will you?Lets , shall we? Let us , will you? Queen: You arent happy, _? What happened?King: Its my new crown. Take a look at it, _?Queen: It looks beautiful, _? Whats wron
11、g with it?King: It isnt made pletely of gold. Thats why Im angry.Queen: The crown maker tricked you, _? How did you find out?King: Archimedes told me. Lets have dinner with him tonight, _?Queen: OK.are youwill youdoesnt itdidnt heshall we King Hiero showed the crown to the queen later. Complete thei
12、r conversation with question tags. (P 8) A A 1. King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a golden crown.2. Its a nice crown, isnt it?3. Is it made pletely of gold?4. This problem seems difficult to solve. What should I do?5. Send him to prison!6. Will you stay home or go sightseeing on National Da
13、y?7. What a bad man he is!Look and try to tell the sentence types.Wh-question Tag questionPositive statement Imperatives Yes/No question Alternative questionExclamations 1. King Hiero _ a crown maker _ him a golden crown.2. Its a nice crown, _?3. _ _ _ pletely of gold?4. This problem seem difficult
14、to solve. _ should I do?5. _ him to prison!6. _ you _ home _ go sightseeing on National Day？7. _ a bad man _!goaskedto makeisnt itIs it madeWhatSendWill stay orWhathe is Ready?1. _ good advice you have given to me! Ill take it. (填空填空)2. _ wide the streets are! (用合适的词用合适的词语填空语填空)3. You should not tou
15、ch the exhibits. (改为否定祈使句改为否定祈使句) _ touch the exhibits.4. Mr. Hu taught her maths last year. (改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)What How Dont 按要求填空。按要求填空。Did Mr. Hu teach her maths last year?215. Did you do your homework at school yesterday?（改为陈述句）（改为陈述句）6. Kates bike was stolen last week. （对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问）7.The fore
16、ign visitor es from Russia. （用（用Australia完成选择疑问句）完成选择疑问句） 8. Youre in Grade two now, _? （完成反意疑问句）（完成反意疑问句）I did my homework at school yesterday.Whose bike was stolen last week?Dose the foreign visitor e from Russia or Australia?arent you22以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解
17、，下面就让我们根据下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。该语法项的重难点。陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的，陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。的，陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。陈述句句末用句号陈述句句末用句号(。)，朗读时用降调。，朗读时用降调。陈述句陈述句定义：定义：结构：结构： 陈述句的肯定式陈述句的肯定式1.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 Tina is my friend.2. 主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词 The river is flooded.3.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 H
18、e bought an umbrella.4.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 He passed me a cup of tea.5.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 She told me to buy a ticket.II. 陈述句的否定式陈述句的否定式主语主语+be+not+表语表语 He is not a teacher. 主语主语+助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+not+谓语动词谓语动词 +其他其他 I dont think you are right. He hasnt yet paid the money. 他尚未付钱。
19、他尚未付钱。使用使用“not”以外的否定词：以外的否定词： 副词：副词：never, seldom, hardly, little, neither等。等。 She seldom es to see me. 她不常来看我。她不常来看我。b. 形容词：形容词：no, few, little等。等。 He has few friends in Hong Kong. 他在香港几乎没有朋友。他在香港几乎没有朋友。c. 代词：代词：nothing, nobody, none等。等。 I found nobody in that house. 在那栋房子里我没看到任何人。在那栋房子里我没看到任何人。疑问句
20、的主要交际功能是提出问题，询疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、问情况。分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。选择疑问句和反意疑问句。疑问句句末用问号疑问句句末用问号(?)。疑问句疑问句定义：定义： 一般疑问句通常用来询问一件事情是一般疑问句通常用来询问一件事情是否属实。答句通常是否属实。答句通常是yes或或no。 句型一：句型一：Be +主语主语+ ? Are these books on the desk? 这些书在桌子上吗？这些书在桌子上吗？ 句型二：句型二：Do/Does/Did+主语主语+谓语谓语+? Do you like Engli
21、sh? 你喜欢英语吗？你喜欢英语吗？ 句型三：情态动词句型三：情态动词+主语主语+谓语谓语+? Must I finish my homework now? 我必须现在完成我的家庭作业吗？我必须现在完成我的家庭作业吗？一般疑问句一般疑问句句型四：句型四：Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+?Have you heard from him? 你收到他的来信吗？你收到他的来信吗？另外，还有以另外，还有以be动词、助动词或情态动词动词、助动词或情态动词的否定缩写形式开头的一般疑问句，这种的否定缩写形式开头的一般疑问句，这种句子一般表示请求、惊讶和对事物的看法句子一般表示请求、惊讶和对事物的
22、看法等，回答时所用的等，回答时所用的yes和和no表达的意思和表达的意思和汉语的习惯不同。例如：汉语的习惯不同。例如：- Isnt he tall? 难道他不高吗？难道他不高吗？- Yes, he is. 不不，他很高。，他很高。 对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句以疑问词开头。疑问句。特殊疑问句以疑问词开头。常用的疑问词有：常用的疑问词有：what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。等。不能用不能用yes或或no回答回答。朗读时用降调。朗读时用降调。例如：例如： Who is singing in the ro
23、om?What class are you in?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句句式句式: 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句一般疑问句疑问词分为三类疑问词分为三类疑问代词疑问代词: what, who, which, whose, who疑问词组疑问词组: what（which, whose）+名词名词 疑问副词疑问副词: when, where, why, how We use Wh- questions to ask for information about someone or something.Wh- wordUse in questionsWhatTo find out sth.Who
24、To find out about personWhenTo ask about time WhereTo ask about placeWhyTo ask about the reasonHowTo find out “in what wayHow longTo talk about “the degree”. what 问姓名；问姓名；问物品；问物品；问职业；问职业； what about 用来征求意见或询问消息，用来征求意见或询问消息，相当于相当于how aboutwhat colour 问颜色；问颜色； what class 问哪个班级；问哪个班级； what size 问尺寸问尺寸
25、. who-Person (对人提问对人提问) - Who will visit you tomorrow? - My father. when-Time (对时间提问对时间提问) - When will you finish your homework? - Tomorrow. why-Reason (对原因提问对原因提问) - Why are you late? - Because I missed the bus. where-Place (询问地点、场所询问地点、场所) Where do you live？ Where are you going？ - How do you go to
26、 school？（？（问方式问方式） - I go to school by bus. - How are you？（？（问健康问健康） -Im fine. Thank you！ How is the weather today？（？（问天气问天气）(2) How+形容词（副词）？形容词（副词）？ 询问年龄、询问年龄、身高、数量、次数、距离身高、数量、次数、距离 How much are they? （问价格问价格） . how(1) How? 询问做某事的方法、手段及健询问做某事的方法、手段及健康、天气康、天气 词组词组词义词义例句例句How many多少多少(可数可数)How many a
27、pples do you want?How much多少多少(不可数不可数)How much meat shall I buy?How old多大多大(岁数岁数)How old are you?How long多长时间多长时间(多久多久)How long will you stay here?多长多长(长度长度)How long is the river?How often多久多久(频率频率)How often do you visit your grandmother?How soon多快多快(时间）时间）How soon will he be back?How far多远多远(距离距离)H
28、ow far is it from A to B?Millie: What a nice cake! _ birthday is it today?Amy: Its my birthday, Millie.Millie: Happy birthday, Amy! _ do you usually celebrate your birthday?Amy: We go out for a birthday dinner.Millie: _ goes to your birthday dinner?Amy: My grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins.Mil
29、lie: I see. _ do you have the dinner?Amy: At a restaurant near my home.Millie: _ do you get for your birthday? Amy: Books, clothes, shoes, toys and some other nice things.WhoseHowWhoWhereWhatMillie is asking Amy about her birthday. Complete their conversation with the correct question words. 选择疑问句选择
30、疑问句定义：定义：提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句。两种情况之选择一种情况回答的问句。两种情况之间间用用or连接连接。回答：回答：回答回答不用不用yes/no，用一个完整的句子用一个完整的句子或或其省略形式。语调前升后降。其省略形式。语调前升后降。分类：分类： 一般选择疑问句一般选择疑问句和和特殊选择疑问句特殊选择疑问句 一般选择疑问句一般选择疑问句： 一般疑问句一般疑问句+or+被选择部分？被选择部分？ - Do you like apples or pears? - I like pears. 2. 特殊选择疑问句特殊选择疑问句：特
31、殊疑问句：特殊疑问句, +A or B? - Which would you like better, tea or coffee? - I like coffee.祈使句祈使句v祈使句的结构及用法祈使句的结构及用法祈使句表示命令、请求、建议、或劝告祈使句表示命令、请求、建议、或劝告等等。等等。主语通常被省略，谓语动词用原主语通常被省略，谓语动词用原形形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1.肯定的祈使句肯定的祈使句1) 句型：以动词原形开头句型：以动词原形开头(省略主语省略主语) Come in!2) 动词前加动词前加do, 加强语气。表加强语气。表“务必，一定务必，
32、一定” Do e on time! 一定一定要准时来！要准时来！ Do look out! 一定一定要小心！要小心！2. 否定祈使句否定祈使句1) Dont +动词原形动词原形 Dont be late! 2) Lets + not + 动词原形动词原形 Lets not speak loudly! 感叹句感叹句1.1.由由what引导的感叹句引导的感叹句 What + a/an +形容词形容词 + 可数名词的单数可数名词的单数 + 主语主语 + 谓语！谓语！ What a beautiful girl she is! 2) What + 形容词形容词 + 可数名词复数可数名词复数 + 主语主
33、语 谓语！谓语！ What important jobs they have done! 3) What+形容词形容词+不可数名词不可数名词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ What sweet water it is! 2.2.由由how引导的引导的感叹词感叹词1) How+形容词或副词形容词或副词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ How interesting the dog is!2) How+形容词形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数形式可数名词的单数形式 +主语主语+谓语！谓语！ How useful a subject it is!3) How+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ How time flies!3
34、.一些特殊形式一些特殊形式 陈述句、疑问句或祈使句陈述句、疑问句或祈使句+感叹号，感叹号， 表示某种强烈的感情表示某种强烈的感情 He runs so fast!2) 一个词或词组一个词或词组 Wonderful! Look out! Great!3) 以以there here 等副词开头等副词开头 There she is! There goes the bell!4. 如何判断用如何判断用what还是用还是用how来引导感来引导感叹句叹句方法一：凡是用方法一：凡是用aan开头的，多用开头的，多用what方法二：凡是形容词方法二：凡是形容词+名词，多用名词，多用what方法三：其他一般用方法
35、三：其他一般用how How can I find out_ The crown is nice_ How wonderful_ The king was not happy_ Please close the window_ What a nice crown_ This is difficult, isnt it_ Leave me alone_ Add a full stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) to the end of the following sentences. (P 9) B1 B1 ?. !
36、. .! ?. (1) How did Archimedes discover the truth?(2) Hes so clever, isnt he?(3) King Hiero sent me to prison.(4) What a lonely place this is!(5) Will he let me out soon?(6) I dont want to stay here any longer.(7) Please let me out!1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _Wh-question Tag questionPositive stateme
37、nt ExclamationYes/No question Negative statementImperatives Look at the sentences below and label the sentence types. (P 9) B2 B2 Review1. 反意疑问句的构成及用法；反意疑问句的构成及用法；2. 陈述句，疑问句，祈使句以及感陈述句，疑问句，祈使句以及感 叹句的用法。叹句的用法。I. 单选。单选。 Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _ A. dont they B. didnt the
38、y C. did they D. do they2. -Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you ? -_. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World. A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent3. His sister had a bad cough, _ she? A. wasnt B. doesnt C. hadnt D. didnt4. Dont smoke in the meeting-room, _?
39、 A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you5. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _ he? A. Cant B. doesnt C. can D. does6. _brave Zhang Hua is! Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire. (2014南京南京) A. What a B. How C. How a D. What7. Could you tell me _? You can take the No. 1 bu
40、s. (2014贵州黔西贵州黔西) A. how can we get to Xingyi Airport B. how we can get to Xingyi Airport C. how do we get to Xingyi Airport D. how we got to Xingyi Airport8. _ call me Wang Wang! Its my dogs name.（2013南充）南充） A. Not B. No C. Dont9. _ hard and youll succeed sooner or later.（2013黔东南）黔东南） A. Study B. T
41、o study C. Studying D. Studied10. _ a beautiful car! Ive never seen it before.（2013 江苏，苏州）江苏，苏州） A. What B. Which C. How D. Whether11. - Tony, _ are you in such a hurry? - The meeting will start soon. I dont want to be late.（2013 安徽）安徽） A. where B. how C. when D. why 12. - _ do you play football? - Once a week.（2011 北京，北京，24） A. How much B. How long C. How often D. How farHomework1. Make some sentences using Question tags. (at least 10)2. Finish the exercises in Learning English. 3. Preview Speaking on page 10.
