（2019）新人教版高中化学选择性必修一第一章第2节反应热的计算第1课时 进阶检测（原卷+解析版）.rar

第一章第 2 节 反应热的计算第 1 课时 反应热的计算【随堂检测】1. (的( (的(“”(1)(的( ( ()(2)(反应(的( ( ()(3)(反应 H2(g)(Cl2(g)=2HCl(g)(的 ( ( ( ()(4)(反应的 ( (反应时的热(反应( ( ()2.(的(热 (H(2 215 kJmol(1(的( 1.8 g (的热( ()A (55 kJ B (220 kJ C (550 kJ D (1 108 kJ2 (C(s() = = =C(s() (H(1.9 kJmol(1C(s() (O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(H1C(s() (O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(H2(反应(的(的( ()A (H1(H2 B (H1(H2C (H1(H2 D (3 (热( (H的(的( ()(4(g)(2O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(g)(H1CH4(g)(2O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H2( H2SO4(aq)= = =Na2SO4(aq)(H2O(l)(H31212NaOH(aq)(CH3COOH(aq)= = =CH3COONa(aq)(H2O(l)(H4进阶检测step by stepA (H1(H2(H3(H4B (H1(H2(H3(H4C (H1(H2(H3(H4D (H1(H2(H3(H44 (热(H1(H2的( ()(O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(H1 C(s)( O2(g)= = =CO(g)(H212(O2(g)= = =SO2(g)(H1 S(g)(O2(g)= = =SO2(g)(H2(2(g)( O2(g)= = =H2O(l)(H1 2H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)(H212(3(s)= = =CaO(s)(CO2(g)(H1 CaO(s)(H2O(l)= = =Ca(OH)2(s)(H2A ( B ( C ( D (5 (反应的 (H(反应(的(的(反应(的(的(的(的(计算(SiOSiClH HH Cl SiSi(/kJmol(1460360436431176(的(反应(SiCl4(g)(2H2(g)= = =Si(s)(4HCl(g)(反应的反应热 (H(_(【基础再现】1(时(的(热(H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(l)(H1(285.8 kJmol(112(H2(g)=H2(l)(H2(0.92 kJmol(1(O2(g)=O2(l)(H3(6.84 kJmol(1(H2O(l)=H2O(g)(H4(44.0 kJmol(1(反应 H2(l)( O2(l)=H2O(g)的反应热 H ()12A(237.46 kJmol(1 B(474.92 kJmol(1C(118.73 kJmol(1 D(237.46 kJmol(12( CuO ( Cu ( Cu2O(反应(2Cu(s)(O2(g)=2CuO(s)(H(314 kJmol(12Cu2O(s)(O2(g)=4CuO(s)(H(292 kJmol(1( CuO(s)(Cu(s)=Cu2O(s)的 H ()A(11 kJmol(1 B(11 kJmol(1C(22 kJmol(1 D(22 kJmol(13(2C(s)(O2(g)=2CO(g)(H(221.0 kJmol(1(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(g)(H(483.6 kJmol(1(的反应 C(s)(H2O(g)=CO(g)(H2(g)的 H ()A(262.6 kJmol(1 B(131.3 kJmol(1C(352.3 kJmol(1 D(131.3 kJmol(14(H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(g)(H1(a kJmol(112(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(g)(H2(b kJmol(1(H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(l)(H3(c kJmol(112(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(l)(H4(d kJmol(1(的()A(a(c(0 B(b(d(0C(2a(b(0 D(2c(d(05( 1 mol (的(的(的(的(算(反应的反应热(1 mol Si(s)( 2 mol SiSi(SiOSiClHHHClSiSiSiC(/(kJmol(1)460360436431176347(反应(SiCl4(g)(2H2(g)Si(s)(4HCl(g)(反应的 H ()= = = = =高温 A(236 kJmol(1 B(236 kJmol(1C(412 kJmol(1 D(412 kJmol(16(C(s)(H2O(g)=CO(g)(H2(g)(H1(a kJmol(1(2C(s)(O2(g)=2CO(g)(H2(220 kJmol(1HH(O=O ( OH 的( 436 kJmol(1(496 kJmol(1( 462 kJmol(1( a ()A(332 B(118C(350 D(1307(反应的热(1)(的 N2( O2(反应( NO2( 23 g NO2( 16.95 kJ 热(反应的热(_(2)( NA(的( C2H2()( CO2(的反应( 5NA(时( 650 kJ 的热(反应的热(_(3)( 1 mol HH(1 mol NH(1 mol N(N (的( 436 kJ(391 kJ(946 kJ( N2(H2反应( NH3的热(_(【能力提升】1(2020()(C(s)(O2(g)=CO2(g)(H(393.5 kJmol(1H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(g)(H(241.5 kJmol(112(热( C ( H2的()A(12(3.25 B(3.25(12C(1(1 D(6(12(2019()25 (101 kPa (CH3OH)(的热(的(的热()( 33 kJg(1(143 kJg(1(56 kJg(1(23 kJg(1(热(的()A(C(s)(O2(g)=CO(g)(H(396 kJmol(1B(CH4(g)(2O2(g)=CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H(896 kJmol(1C(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(l)(H(286 kJmol(1D(CH3OH(l)( O2(g)=CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H(736 kJmol(1323(2018(第()25 (101 kPa 时(的(反应的(热(57.3 kJmol(1(的(热(5 518 kJmol(1(热(的()A(2H(aq)(SO(aq)(Ba2(aq)(2OH(aq)=BaSO4(s)(2H2O(l)(H(57.3 kJmol(124B(KOH(aq)( H2SO4(aq)= K2SO4(aq)(H2O(l)(H(57.3 kJmol(11212C(C8H18(l)(O2(g)=8CO2(g)(9H2O(g)(H(5 518 kJmol(1252D(2C8H18(g)(25O2(g)=16CO2(g)(18H2O(l)(H(5 518 kJmol(14(1)(Ca5(PO4)3F(反应( 25 (101 kPa 时(CaO(s)(H2SO4(l)=CaSO4(s)(H2O(l)(H(271 kJmol(15CaO(s)(3H3PO4(l)(HF(g)=Ca5(PO4)3F(s)(5H2O(l)(H(937 kJmol(1( Ca5(PO4)3F (反应(的热(_(2)(Al2O3(s)(3C(s)=2Al(s)(3CO(g)(H1(1 344.1 kJ mol(12AlCl3(g)=2Al(s)(3Cl2(g)(H2(1 169.2 kJ mol(1( Al2O3(C ( Cl2反应( AlCl3的热(_(5(1)( 25 (101 kPa ( SiH4( 1 mol (热 190.0 kJ(反应的热(_(2)(TiO2)( Ti 的(TiO2(TiCl4Ti(800 (、Ar Mg(.C(s)(O2(g)=CO2(g)(H(393.5 kJmol(1(.2CO(g)(O2(g)=2CO2(g)(H(566 kJmol(1(.TiO2(s)(2Cl2(g)=TiCl4(s)(O2(g)(H(141 kJmol(1(TiO2(s)(2Cl2(g)(2C(s)=TiCl4(s)(2CO(g)的 H(_(反应 TiCl4(2Mg2MgCl2(Ti ( Ar (的(_(= = = = =800 ( 第一章第 2 节 反应热的计算第 1 课时 反应热的计算【随堂检测】1. (的( (的(“”(1)(的( ( ()(2)(反应(的( ( ()(3)(反应 H2(g)(Cl2(g)=2HCl(g)(的 ( ( ( ()(4)(反应的 ( (反应时的热(反应( ( ()(1)(3)(2.(的(热 (H(2 215 kJmol(1(的( 1.8 g (的热( ()A (55 kJ B (220 kJ C (550 kJ D (1 108 kJ(A( C3H8(热( 2 215 kJmol(1( 1 mol( 4 mol(热 2 215 kJ(1.8 g (的(的( 0.1 mol(的(的( 0.025 mol(反应(的热( 0.025 mol2 215 kJmol(1(55.375 kJ(的热( 55 kJ(2 (C(s() = = =C(s() (H(1.9 kJmol(1C(s() (O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(H1C(s() (O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(H2(反应(的(的( ()A (H1(H2 B (H1(H2C (H1(H2 D (进阶检测step by step(C(C(s() = = =C(s() (H(1.9 kJmol(1(的(的(的热( (H1(H20( C (3 (热( (H的(的( ()(4(g)(2O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(g)(H1CH4(g)(2O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H2( H2SO4(aq)= = =Na2SO4(aq)(H2O(l)(H31212NaOH(aq)(CH3COOH(aq)= = =CH3COONa(aq)(H2O(l)(H4A (H1(H2(H3(H4B (H1(H2(H3(H4C (H1(H2(H3(H4D (H1(H2(H3(H4(B(反应(热反应(的热(热反应 (H(0 (热( (H1(H2(反应的(热反应(反应(的(的( 1 mol( CH3COOH(热(的热(H3(H4(4 (热(H1(H2的( ()(O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(H1 C(s)( O2(g)= = =CO(g)(H212(O2(g)= = =SO2(g)(H1 S(g)(O2(g)= = =SO2(g)(H2(2(g)( O2(g)= = =H2O(l)(H1 2H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)(H212(3(s)= = =CaO(s)(CO2(g)(H1 CaO(s)(H2O(l)= = =Ca(OH)2(s)(H2A ( B ( C ( D (A(的(热(时( (H1(H2(热( (H1(H2(的(的反应(热(1 mol(热( 2 mol(热( (H1(H2(热(反应(反应(热( (H1(H2(5 (反应的 (H(反应(的(的(反应(的(的(的(的(计算(SiOSiClH HH Cl SiSi(/kJmol(1460360436431176(的(反应(SiCl4(g)(2H2(g)= = =Si(s)(4HCl(g)(反应的反应热 (H(_(236 kJmol(1(SiCl4(H2( HCl(的(计算(的(计算(的(的(1 mol(的 SiSi ( 2 mol(反应的反应热(H(4360 kJmol(1(2436 kJmol(1(2176 kJmol(1(4431 kJmol(1) (236 kJmol(1(【基础再现】1(时(的(热(H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(l)(H1(285.8 kJmol(112(H2(g)=H2(l)(H2(0.92 kJmol(1(O2(g)=O2(l)(H3(6.84 kJmol(1(H2O(l)=H2O(g)(H4(44.0 kJmol(1(反应 H2(l)( O2(l)=H2O(g)的反应热 H ()12A(237.46 kJmol(1 B(474.92 kJmol(1C(118.73 kJmol(1 D(237.46 kJmol(1答案(D解析(反应( (反应(反应热12H(H1(H2(H3 (H4(237.46 kJmol(1(122( CuO ( Cu ( Cu2O(反应(2Cu(s)(O2(g)=2CuO(s)(H(314 kJmol(12Cu2O(s)(O2(g)=4CuO(s)(H(292 kJmol(1( CuO(s)(Cu(s)=Cu2O(s)的 H ()A(11 kJmol(1 B(11 kJmol(1C(22 kJmol(1 D(22 kJmol(1答案(A解析(反应( CuO(s)(Cu(s)=Cu2O(s)(前式后式2( H( kJmol(1(11 kJmol(1(31429223(2C(s)(O2(g)=2CO(g)(H(221.0 kJmol(1(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(g)(H(483.6 kJmol(1(的反应 C(s)(H2O(g)=CO(g)(H2(g)的 H ()A(262.6 kJmol(1 B(131.3 kJmol(1C(352.3 kJmol(1 D(131.3 kJmol(1答案(D解析( 2C(s)(2H2O(g)=2H2(g)(2CO(g)(H(221.0 kJmol(1(483.6 kJmol(1)(262.6 kJmol(1( C(s)(H2O(g)=CO(g)(H2(g)的 H( 262.62kJmol(1(131.3 kJmol(1(4(H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(g)(H1(a kJmol(112(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(g)(H2(b kJmol(1(H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(l)(H3(c kJmol(112(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(l)(H4(d kJmol(1(的()A(a(c(0 B(b(d(0C(2a(b(0 D(2c(d(0答案(C解析热(计(的(热(的热(的反应(热的( 0(a(c(的热( 0(b(d(热(计( b(2a(0(d(2c(0(5( 1 mol (的(的(的(的(算(反应的反应热(1 mol Si(s)( 2 mol SiSi(SiOSiClHHHClSiSiSiC(/(kJmol(1)460360436431176347(反应(SiCl4(g)(2H2(g)Si(s)(4HCl(g)(反应的 H ()= = = = =高温 A(236 kJmol(1 B(236 kJmol(1C(412 kJmol(1 D(412 kJmol(1答案(A解析H(E(反应(的()(E(的()( H(360 kJmol(14(436 kJmol(12(176 kJmol(12(431 kJmol(14(236 kJmol(1(6(C(s)(H2O(g)=CO(g)(H2(g)(H1(a kJmol(1(2C(s)(O2(g)=2CO(g)(H2(220 kJmol(1HH(O=O ( OH 的( 436 kJmol(1(496 kJmol(1( 462 kJmol(1( a ()A(332 B(118C(350 D(130答案(D解析(的(的(热(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(g)(H3(2436(496(4462) kJmol(1(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(g)(H3(480 kJmol(1(2C(s)(O2(g)=2CO(g)(H2(220 kJmol(1() (C(s)(H2O(g)=CO(g)(H2(g)(H1(H2(H3) ( a(220(480)1212 (130( D (127(反应的热(1)(的 N2( O2(反应( NO2( 23 g NO2( 16.95 kJ 热(反应的热(_(2)( NA(的( C2H2()( CO2(的反应( 5NA(时( 650 kJ 的热(反应的热(_(3)( 1 mol HH(1 mol NH(1 mol N(N (的( 436 kJ(391 kJ(946 kJ( N2(H2反应( NH3的热(_(答案(1)N2(g)(2O2(g)=2NO2(g)(H(67.8 kJmol(1(2)C2H2(g)( O2(g)=2CO2(g)(H2O(l)(H(1 300 kJmol(152(3)N2(g)(3H2(g)(2NH3(g)(H(92 kJmol(1【能力提升】1(2020()(C(s)(O2(g)=CO2(g)(H(393.5 kJmol(1H2(g)( O2(g)=H2O(g)(H(241.5 kJmol(112(热( C ( H2的()A(12(3.25 B(3.25(12C(1(1 D(6(1答案(A解析(的( x(y(393.5( 241.5( x(y(12(3.25(x12y22(2019()25 (101 kPa (CH3OH)(的热(的(的热()( 33 kJg(1(143 kJg(1(56 kJg(1(23 kJg(1(热(的()A(C(s)(O2(g)=CO(g)(H(396 kJmol(1B(CH4(g)(2O2(g)=CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H(896 kJmol(1C(2H2(g)(O2(g)=2H2O(l)(H(286 kJmol(1D(CH3OH(l)( O2(g)=CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H(736 kJmol(132(B(的热( 33 kJg(1( 12 g (的热( 396 kJ(热(C ( s )(O2( g ) = = = C O2( g ) (H(3 9 6 k J m o l(1(A (的热(5 6 k J g(1( 16 g CH4(的热( 896 kJ(热(CH4(g)(2O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H(8 9 6 k J m o l(1(B (的热(14 3 k J g(1(4 g H2(的热(5 7 2 kJ(热(2H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)(H(572 kJmol(1(C (CH3OH)的热( 23 kJg(1( 32 g CH3OH (的热( 736 kJ(热(CH3OH(l)( O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(l)(H(736 kJmol(1(D (323(2018(第()25 (101 kPa 时(的(反应的(热(57.3 kJmol(1(的(热(5 518 kJmol(1(热(的()A(2H(aq)(SO(aq)(Ba2(aq)(2OH(aq)=BaSO4(s)(2H2O(l)(H(57.3 kJmol(124B(KOH(aq)( H2SO4(aq)= K2SO4(aq)(H2O(l)(H(57.3 kJmol(11212C(C8H18(l)(O2(g)=8CO2(g)(9H2O(g)(H(5 518 kJmol(1252D(2C8H18(g)(25O2(g)=16CO2(g)(18H2O(l)(H(5 518 kJmol(1(B(A (热(热(反应( 1 mol H2O(l)时的反应热( BaSO4(时(反应(的热( 1 mol H2O(l)时(的热( 57.3 kJ(C (热( 1 mol (的(时(的热(的(应(D( 2 mol(时(的热( 11 036 kJ(应(4(1)(Ca5(PO4)3F(反应( 25 (101 kPa 时(CaO(s)(H2SO4(l)=CaSO4(s)(H2O(l)(H(271 kJmol(15CaO(s)(3H3PO4(l)(HF(g)=Ca5(PO4)3F(s)(5H2O(l)(H(937 kJmol(1( Ca5(PO4)3F (反应(的热(_(2)(Al2O3(s)(3C(s)=2Al(s)(3CO(g)(H1(1 344.1 kJ mol(12AlCl3(g)=2Al(s)(3Cl2(g)(H2(1 169.2 kJ mol(1( Al2O3(C ( Cl2反应( AlCl3的热(_(1)Ca5(PO4)3F(s)(5H2SO4(l)= = =5CaSO4(s)(HF(g)(3H3PO4(l)(H(418 kJmol(1(2)Al2O3(s)(3C(s)(3Cl2(g)= = =2AlCl3(g)(3CO(g)(H(174.9 kJmol(1(1)(H2SO4(l)= = =CaSO4(s)(H2O(l)(H(271 kJmol(1(3H3PO4(l)(HF(g)= = =Ca5(PO4)3F(s)(5H2O(l)(H(937 kJmol(1( ( Ca5(PO4)3F (反应(的热( Ca5(PO4)3F(s)(5H2SO4(l)= = =5CaSO4(s)(HF(g)(3H3PO4(l)(H(418 kJmol(1(2)(2O3(s)(3C(s)= = =2Al(s)(3CO(g)(H1(1 344.1 kJ mol(1(3(g)= = =2Al(s)(3Cl2(g)(H2(1 169.2 kJ mol(1( Al2O3(C ( Cl2反应( AlCl3的热( Al2O3(s)(3C(s)(3Cl2(g)= = =2AlCl3(g)(3CO(g)(H(174.9 kJmol(15(1)( 25 (101 kPa ( SiH4( 1 mol (热 190.0 kJ(反应的热(_(2)(TiO2)( Ti 的(TiO2(TiCl4Ti(800 (、Ar Mg(.C(s)(O2(g)=CO2(g)(H(393.5 kJmol(1(.2CO(g)(O2(g)=2CO2(g)(H(566 kJmol(1(.TiO2(s)(2Cl2(g)=TiCl4(s)(O2(g)(H(141 kJmol(1(TiO2(s)(2Cl2(g)(2C(s)=TiCl4(s)(2CO(g)的 H(_(反应 TiCl4(2Mg2MgCl2(Ti ( Ar (的(_(= = = = =800 ( 答案(1)SiH4(g)(2O2(g)=SiO2(s)(2H2O(l)(H(1 520.0 kJmol(1(2)(80 kJmol(1( Mg(Ti (的 O2( CO2(N2)反应解析(1)SiH4(的( SiH4(2O2SiO2(2H2O(= = = = =点燃 (1 mol SiH4( 8 mol (热( SiH4(g)(2O2(g)=SiO2(s)(2H2O(l)(H(1 520.0 kJmol(1(2)( 2(TiO2(s)(2Cl2(g)(2C(s)=TiCl4(s)(2CO(g)(H(80 kJmol(1(