1、教学材料：外研版高中英语新教材选修第一册教学内容：Unit 5 Revealing Nature第三课时：Using Language执教人： In sentence (a), “evolved from a common ancestor” happened first. It indicates the action happened before a certain past action.Observe and saya Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, . b Many peop
2、le refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life.1 In sentence (a), which action happened first, “suspected” or “evolved from a common ancestor”? Darwin suspected the finches evolved from a common ancestor Past perfect: had done2 In sentence (b), which
3、 action happened first, “refused to believe” or “ evolved from lower forms of life”? 3 What does the structure had done indicate?people refused to believeliving things evolved from lower forms of lifeIn sentence (b), “evolved from lower forms of life” happened first. 1. It was a young man who had le
4、ft medical school without completing his degree. 2. Whats more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”. 3. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plant
5、s and animals he had collected.4. At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since.5. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.6. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new spe
6、cies.1. It was a young man who _medical school without completing his degree. 2. Whats more, he _ recently _ a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”. 3. After Darwin _ some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples
7、of the plants and animals he _.had left hadreceivedhad spenthad collectedgo Ready?4. At that time, people believed that all species _ on Earth at the same time, and _since.5. It seemed their beaks _ according to what food was available on that particular island.6. Over time, it _slowly _ into many n
8、ew species.had appearedhad not changedhadevolvedhad evolvedFocus on Focus on 基本用法基本用法Past perfect 过去完成时过去完成时 基本结构基本结构 基本基本用法用法 常用固定句型常用固定句型1. 过去完成时的构成为：过去完成时的构成为： 肯定式肯定式为为_； 否定式否定式为为_； 被动式被动式为为_。 She said she had never been to Paris.她说她从未去过巴黎。她说她从未去过巴黎。 I didnt know the way to Johns house because I
9、hadnt been there before.我不知道去约翰家的路，因为我之前没去过。我不知道去约翰家的路，因为我之前没去过。 The work had been finished by us last Friday.我们在上星期五完成了这项工作。我们在上星期五完成了这项工作。had donehad not donehad been done过去完成时的基本用法过去完成时的基本用法1. 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态的动作或存在的状态。 Before we got to the train station, the train
10、had already left. 我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。 Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away. 我还没来得及说谢谢，他就跑开了。我还没来得及说谢谢，他就跑开了。2. 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有by then, by the end of, by the time。 By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 Eng
11、lish words. 到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2,000个个 英语单词了。英语单词了。They had lived there for ten years by then. 到那时为止，他们已经在那住了到那时为止，他们已经在那住了10年了。年了。3. 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan等后接从等后接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现而未本打算实现而未实现的实现的愿望和计划愿望和计划。 I had i
12、ntended to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend. 我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会 议要参加。议要参加。 I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I was not able to get away. 我原打算今年去度假，可是我离不开。我原打算今年去度假，可是我离不开。1) It/That was+ the first/ second+ time+ that从句从句，从句谓语常用过去完成时。，从句谓
13、语常用过去完成时。It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall.这是我第一次参观长城。这是我第一次参观长城。2) It was+一段时间一段时间+since从句从句，从句谓语用，从句谓语用过去完成时。过去完成时。It was three years since he had joined the army.他参军三年了。他参军三年了。过去完成时用于一些固定句型：过去完成时用于一些固定句型：3) 在句型在句型Hardly/Scarcelywhen和和 No soonerthan中，主句常用过去完成时中，主句常用过去完成时,从从句用
14、一般过去时，表示句用一般过去时，表示“一一就就”。 Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang.他刚进入他的大办公室他刚进入他的大办公室,电话铃响了。电话铃响了。 No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again.他刚到就被要求离开。他刚到就被要求离开。P53 2beganhad led todevelopedchose tohad madeP53 3had introducedcompetedarrivedhad livedeatendecline
15、dAct out the keeper of Lonesome Georgethe reporter P53 41. I _ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldnt manage it . (2019天津卷天津卷)A. had hoped B. am hopingC. have hopedD. would hope2. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap) in the mountains for tw
16、o days. (2018北京北京)3. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ (carry out) in the past two years. (2018江苏江苏)直击高考直击高考had been trappedhad been carried outSummary1. 过去完成时过去完成时主要用来表示在过去之前发生的主要用来表示在过去之前发生的事或做的动作，即事或做的动作，即过去的过去过去的过去，通常与一般，通常与一般过去时连用。过去时连用。2. 结构结构: 肯定：肯定： 否定：否定： 肯定被动：肯定被动： 否定被动否定被动:3. 用于过去完成时的时间状语用于过去完成时的时间状语: by then, by the end of, by the time等。等。 had done had not donehad been donehad not been donehad seenhad beenhad begunhad livedhad brokenhad goneI. Fill in the blanks. Write an essay by using the past perfect tense.H
