1、To learn something about Tao Yuanming and Henry David ThoreauTo read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt form natureTo learn how to read a comparative essayTo learn some useful words and expressionsRead the short introductions to Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau and share what e
2、lse you know about them with the class.Tao Qian (365427) born in Xunyang, Jiangxi Province, also called Tao Yuanming. Tao Qian took a minor official post while in his 20s in order to support his aged parents. After about 10 years at that post, he resigned from official life. Tao was one of a noted r
3、ecluse (n. 隐士隐士). A master of the five-word line, Tao Has been described as the first great “poet of fields and gardens”.He was an American essayist, poet, and philosopher. He began writing nature poetry in his early twenties. His understanding of nature is unprecedented in American literature.Henry
4、 David Thoreau 亨利亨利戴维戴维梭梭罗罗(1817-1862)He spent most of his lifetime observing nature and wrote many works on nature and man-nature relationship. The ideas in these works went beyond his age and were thus ignored by his temporaries. In 1845, he began his famous two-year stay at Walden pond, which he
5、wrote about in his masterwork, Walden.本文语篇类型为本文语篇类型为论说文论说文。课文通过介绍、。课文通过介绍、比较中外田园诗人陶渊明和比较中外田园诗人陶渊明和Henry David Thoreau生活的年代，回归田园生活的社生活的年代，回归田园生活的社会背景、原因，写作风格的异同，表达了会背景、原因，写作风格的异同，表达了他们对自然的热爱和对田园生活的向往。他们对自然的热爱和对田园生活的向往。在阅读文章的过程中，我们要注意在阅读文章的过程中，我们要注意比较的比较的写作手法写作手法。Read the passage and find out what Tao
6、 and Thoreau learnt from nature.Both of them got inspiration from nature for their literary works. Both of them lived simply in nature with few material desires, which helped them to attain their personal fulfilment.Para. 1Both men made dramatic transformations to their lives in order to reconnect w
7、ith nature. Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value.The two mens influence to people todayRead to get the main ideas.Tao Yuanming and Thoreau shared an intense respect for nature.Paras. 23 Paras. 45Para. 6Choose the right answers acco
8、rding to the passage.1. Why did Tao Yuanming leave the court?A. Because he was too old.B. Because he felt conflicted over life at court.C. Because he liked nature so much.D. Because he liked living in a rural area.B2. Why did Thoreau return to nature?A. He wanted to live a meaningful life.B. He want
9、ed to follow the example of Tao Yuanming.C. He had a hut in the forest.D. His life was hard.A3. What do they have in common?A. They treated nature in the same way.B. They lived in the same century.C. They were both unsatisfied with their leaders.D. Their works showed the beauty of nature.D4. What di
10、d Thoreau describe in his writings?A. Fields and villages. B. chickens and dogs.C. Animals and plants. D. Mountains and rivers.5. What does Thoreaus work mainly embody?A. Natures wilderness is beautiful.B. We should raise more animals.C. Man should live in harmony with nature.D. We should live in th
11、e rural area.CC6. What should we do if we want to attain personal well being and fulfilment?A. Live closer to nature.B. Increase material desires.C. Walk a lot in the forest.D. Share a respect for nature. AOrganise information from the passage and complete the chart.在填表前，请注意在填表前，请注意learning to learn
12、中对中对对比性对比性论说文的写作特点介绍论说文的写作特点介绍，即通过，即通过比较、对比、比较、对比、评价的方法分析评价的方法分析两个人物或事物多个方面的异两个人物或事物多个方面的异同点，并按照一定的逻辑顺序进行阐释。同点，并按照一定的逻辑顺序进行阐释。A comparative essay compares, contrasts and evaluates two or more topics. There must be enough similarities and differences between the topics so that they can be discussed i
13、n a meaningful way. A number of points should be discussed within a comparative essay.Tao Yuanming He went back to nature because _ . _ _. _ _ _.he felt conflicted over life at courtHis return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed toThe calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in co
14、ntrast to and critical of the depressive court lifeHenry David Thoreau _ _ _. _ _. He wrote about nature in order to _ _ _. Thoreaus return to nature was a personal decision to transform the way he livedThoreaus descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around himconv
15、ince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we doSimilarities They went back to nature. _ _ _. _ _ _ .Both made dramatic transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with natureBoth were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship w
16、ith nature in the quietness of their livesTry to find words, phrases or sentences which shows compares, contrast or evaluations in the reading passage. Examples: polar opposites, while 1. Why did it take Tao and Thoreau great courage to walk away from their previous lives?Because it was difficult to
17、 reject the easy and familiar life they used to live.2. Why are their ideas important to our lives today?Because in todays modern world, we still need to live harmoniously with nature, and live a simple life. Fewer material desires lead to better personal well-being and fulfilment.3. What do you thi
18、nk about living in nature like Tao and Thoreau? Give your reasons.4. Compare the two reading passages in this unit. In what ways does each passage contribute to the unit theme?Both passages have the common theme of learning from nature. The first passage focuses on the inspirations people get from n
19、ature, while the second focuses more on the natural way of living that people still need today, The second passage calls upon us to live in harmony with nature, which is an important message for today.Work in groups. Compare the quotes by Tao and Thoreau.1. Find the Chinese version of Taos poem, and
20、 translate Thoreau quote into Chinese.Beyond the dark and distance lies a village,The smoke above reluctant to depart.A dog is barking somewhere down the lane,And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.归田园居归田园居暧暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。暧远人村，依依墟里烟。 狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。Live in each season as it passes; breathe th
21、e air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. Let them be your only diet, drink and botanical medicines.好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一刻。让生活中只有饮食和草药。这一刻。让生活中只有饮食和草药。2. Decide which portrayal of nature you prefer and make no
22、tes.TaoThoreau Genres of their works: Images in their works: What nature means to them: What message they try to convey:3. Organise your thoughts and share them with the class.1. Superficially, these two men, whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1,500 years, were polar opposites. 1) 句子主干是句子主
23、干是These two men were polar opposites;2) Whose lives were separated是是whose 引导引导的的非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句，对，对two men进行补充。进行补充。接下来接下来的句子：的句子： And yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each influential figure of their time.which引导的非限制性定语从句，引导的非限制性定语从句，对对respect for nature进行补充说明；进行补充说明；
24、2. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “ bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.1) for good=for ever2) 现在分词短语现在分词短语做伴随状语；做伴随状语；3) that引导同位语引导同位语从句从句, ,对对line进行解释进行解释4) bow v. 低头；鞠躬低头；鞠躬5) in return for 作为
25、作为的回报的回报3. While Taos return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to, Thoreaus was a personal decisionto transform the way he lived.while conj. used to contrast two things 然而然而, 却却此处作者用对比的方法介绍两位诗人回归田园此处作者用对比的方法介绍两位诗人回归田园生活的不同初衷。生活的不同初衷。eg Schools in the north tend to be better equi
26、pped, while those in the south are relatively poor.均为定语从句均为定语从句be opposed to 反对反对4. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.in contrast to 与与(形成形成)对比对比eg The stock lost 60 cents a share, in contrast to last year, when it gained 21 cents.c
27、ritical of 批评，批判批评，批判eg Many parents are strongly critical of the school.depressive adj. 抑郁的；沮丧的抑郁的；沮丧的eg Hes no longer a depressive character.【归纳归纳】同根词同根词depress v. 使沮丧，使抑郁使沮丧，使抑郁depression n. 沮丧；抑郁症沮丧；抑郁症 depressed adj. 消沉的；消沉的； 患抑郁症的患抑郁症的depressive adj.5. Breathe the air, drink the drink, taste t
28、he fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. resign v. to officially announce that you have decided to leave your job or an organization 辞辞（职），（职），放弃放弃 resign yourself to (doing) sth 使使自己顺从于（做）某事自己顺从于（做）某事; 安于安于 eg we had to resign ourselves to fate since we cannot think out an effective
29、 remedy (补救补救).【拓展拓展】resigned adj. 逆来顺受的；顺从的逆来顺受的；顺从的resignation n. 辞职；辞呈；顺从辞职；辞呈；顺从【语境应用语境应用】汉译汉译英。英。1. 汤汤姆厌倦了目前的工作，所以他决定辞职姆厌倦了目前的工作，所以他决定辞职。2. 他他所有的努力都付诸东流了，现在他不得不所有的努力都付诸东流了，现在他不得不听天由命。听天由命。Tom got tired of the job at present, so he has decided to resign.He failed all his attempts and now he has
30、to resign himself to his fate. 6. It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did.2) the easy and familiar “the +adj.” 表示一类人表示一类人或或事物，此处指事物，此处指the easy and familiar life。3) as:像像一样一样; 引导引导方式状语方式状语从句从句eg Will you do t
31、he experiment as I am doing?1) reject v. to refuse to give someone any love or attention 冷落冷落，嫌弃，厌弃，嫌弃，厌弃Paraphrase: People need great courage to abandon their easy and familiar lives and try to live closer to nature, as Tao and Thoreau both did.Write a short summary about the passage. Try to use compare or contrast in your summary.
