1、Writing about a literary work世界文学简介赏析 Page11Brief Review ofVictor Hugo and The Hunchback of Nortre-Dame 维克多雨果(Victor Hugo,1802年2月26日-1885年5月22日),出生于贝桑松,法国浪漫主义作家,法国文学史上卓越的资产阶级民主作家,被称为“法兰西的莎士比亚”。 雨果擅于结合现实主义(Realism)和浪漫主义(Romanticism)两种写作手法,其作品在世界有着广泛的影响力,代表作有巴黎圣母院悲惨世界(The Miserable Ones)等。Introduction
2、 about the author ( literary schools, 文学流派文学流派)(writing techniques,写作手法,写作手法)(representative works, 代表作代表作)巴黎圣母院以巴黎圣母院以离奇(离奇(bizarrebizarre)和对)和对比(比(contrastcontrast)手法)手法写了一个发生在写了一个发生在1515世纪法世纪法国的故事:巴黎圣母院副主教克洛德国的故事:巴黎圣母院副主教克洛德道貌岸然、道貌岸然、蛇蝎心肠蛇蝎心肠,先爱后恨,迫害吉赛女郎埃斯梅,先爱后恨,迫害吉赛女郎埃斯梅拉达。拉达。面目丑陋、心地善良面目丑陋、心地善良的
3、敲钟人卡西莫多的敲钟人卡西莫多为救女郎为救女郎舍身(舍身(sacrificesacrifice)。 Plots of the Story (故事情节故事情节)Figures of Speech (修辞手法修辞手法)Background (背景背景)Main Characters (主要人物主要人物)Images and Characteristics (人物形象和人物形象和特征特征)Conflicts and Suspense(冲突和悬念冲突和悬念) 卡西莫多内心善良纯洁,却因丑陋的卡西莫多内心善良纯洁,却因丑陋的外表外表受尽侮辱。受尽侮辱。这是这是美与丑美与丑(beauty and ugli
4、ness)之间的强烈对比之间的强烈对比与较量,与较量,也处处揭露着这个腐朽残酷的封建社会对也处处揭露着这个腐朽残酷的封建社会对人性人性(human nature, humanity)的压迫与残害,而这二的压迫与残害,而这二者也正是小说的者也正是小说的主题主题思想思想(theme)所在所在。Central Themes Face ValuesBeauty and UglinessHumanity 小说小说揭露(揭露(expose, revealexpose, reveal)了宗教的虚了宗教的虚伪,伪,宣告(宣告(declaredeclare)禁欲主义的破产,禁欲主义的破产,歌颂歌颂(eulogi
5、ze)(eulogize)了下层劳动人民的善良、友爱、舍了下层劳动人民的善良、友爱、舍己为人,己为人,反映反映(reflect)(reflect)了雨果的了雨果的人道主义思想人道主义思想(humanitarianismhumanitarianism)。)。Macro themes (宏观主题)(宏观主题)Religion (宗教宗教)Spirit(精神精神)Thought(思想思想)World Literaturebelongs to the whole world! 经典的小说,艺术风格(artistic style)突出,一是注重环境描写(environmental description
6、),二是精当的心理描写(psychological description),三是多彩精练的语言特色(colorful and concise language),四是写人物转化的同时注重掌握分寸,五是巧用伏笔与照应。Do you like literary works?Have you ever read The Picture of Dorian Gray点名回答:张屹凯,邓千山,董园点名回答:张屹凯,邓千山,董园 道林格雷的画像是英国戏剧家、小说家奥斯卡王尔德创作的长篇小说,也是其唯一的一部长篇小说作品,该作于1890年7月美国利平考特杂志上开始连载,并于次年出版单行本。Introduc
7、tion about the authorFormation of the novel 该作讲述道林格雷是一名长在伦敦的贵族少年,相貌极其俊美,并且心地善良。道林见了画家霍尔沃德为他所作的画像,发现了自己惊人的美,在画家朋友亨利勋爵的蛊惑下,他向画像许下心愿:美少年青春永葆,所有岁月的沧桑和少年的罪恶都由画像承担。 道林刚开始时不以为然,但当他玩弄一个女演员的感情致使她自杀之后,发现画像中的道林发生了邪恶的变化。恐惧的道林没有克制,反而更加放纵自己的欲望。道林美貌依旧,画像却一日日变得丑陋不堪。十八年后,基于对画家作品的憎恶以及对自己丑陋灵魂的厌恶,道林谋杀了画家霍尔沃德。 之后,那位女演员的
8、弟弟前来寻仇,被道林巧言欺骗,最终死于非命。正是女演员弟弟的死亡唤醒了道林的良知,他举刀向丑陋的画像刺去,结果自己离奇死亡。他的面容变得丑恶苍老,而画像却年轻如初。点名回答:张琰,张儒珍,李梓宁 Plots of the Story (故事情节故事情节)Background (背景背景)Main Character relationship (主要人物关系主要人物关系)Conflicts and Suspense(冲突和悬念冲突和悬念)Key/Critical Events(关键事件关键事件) 在王尔德的笔下,这场美貌与道德的战争结束了,美貌杀害了道德,罪恶吞噬了美貌。你的美丽本可成为去往天堂
9、的阶梯,你却用它铸成了地狱的钥匙,而世间不会因为你的皮囊原宥你的罪恶。Central Themes Face ValuesBeauty VS VirtueHumanity and Evil Can you add the subtitle of the book review? 道林道林格雷的画像:格雷的画像:_ 道林道林格雷的画像:格雷的画像:皮囊之下的恶皮囊之下的恶 evil beneath the skin 来源:光明网来源:光明网-文艺评论频道文艺评论频道 2020-04-20 道林道林格雷的画像:格雷的画像:皮囊之下的恶皮囊之下的恶 Can you think of other si
10、mlar characters from China? 李瑞慜,郑昊,苗芙瑞,李瑞慜,郑昊,苗芙瑞,神希,裴嘉琦,郭钰萱神希,裴嘉琦,郭钰萱 道林道林格雷的画像:格雷的画像:皮囊之下的恶皮囊之下的恶 Can you think of other simlar characters from China?Journey to the West White Bone Demon/ Lady White Done白骨精白骨精 Strange Tales from a Chinese StudioPainted Skin画皮画皮 聂小倩是清代作家蒲松龄创作的文言短篇小说。这篇小说着重描绘了孤弱少女聂小
11、倩,在真、善、美与假、恶、丑的尖锐复杂的斗争中,跳出了专以害人为生的火炕,挣脱了恶势力的控制,走向了知恩向善、悔过自新的人间正道。 Any other novels with similar themes?Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio (聊斋志异)(聊斋志异)Nie Xiaoqian 聂小倩这篇文章的思想倾向艺术手法都很能反映蒲松龄的思想艺术追求。这是一个善与恶、美与丑构成的强烈对比,而最终善战胜了恶、美战胜了丑的动人故事。 Dorian Gray Good Evil 聂小倩聂小倩 Lets enjoy its English introduction
12、The Picture of Dorian Gray Read the passage quickly(Page 11) 1 What kind of person is Dorian Gray?2 What message do you think the novel convey?Activity 5(Page 11) Question 1: 张芳,张芳, 董伊纯,杨婷董伊纯,杨婷Activity 5(Page 11) Question 1: He is a man, though handsome in appearances,only concerned about his own p
13、leasure. And his pleasure is based on other people s suffering.Activity 5(Page 11) Question 2: 陈勇杰,叶凯利,吴宇翔陈勇杰,叶凯利,吴宇翔Activity 5(Page 11) Question 2: If a man only pursuits the physical beauty and pleasure, he will sacrifice his true self as a human being and at last, will lead to his own destruction
14、. Read the paragraph 1 carefully. What can we learn? (diction/wording 措辞措辞,texts tructure 结构,结构,writing technique 写作手法,写作手法,figures of speech 修辞,修辞,conflicts and suspense 冲突和冲突和悬念悬念.) Read the paragraph 1 carefully. What can we learn? (diction/wording 措辞,措辞,texts tructure 结构,结构,writing technique 写作手
15、法,写作手法,figures of speech 修辞,修辞,conflicts and suspense 冲突和冲突和悬念悬念.) The book by. tells a story of. who. The book by. tells a story of. who. General introductionconcerned with his own pleasure, regardless of the suffering he brings to others concerned with his own pleasure, regardless of the suffering
16、 he brings to others 损人利已,精致的利己主义者损人利已,精致的利己主义者 ,.The book by. tells a story of. who.a very handsome young man who. , suffering (that/which) he brings to othersThe book by. tells a story of. who.a very handsome young man who. , suffering (that/which) he brings to others定语从句定语从句 Read the paragraph 2
17、carefully. What can we learn? (diction/wording 措辞,措辞,texts tructure 结构,结构,writing technique 写作手法,写作手法,figures of speech 修辞,修辞,conflicts and suspense 冲突和冲突和悬念悬念.) The story starts with. sb doing . The story starts with. sb doing .故事开头故事开头 beauty and pleasure being the only important things in life be
18、auty and pleasure being the only important things in life (享乐主义,娱乐至死)(享乐主义,娱乐至死) Fascinated by his words, .with his portrait growing . Fascinated by his words, .被他的话深深吸引,被他的话深深吸引, (ed分词词组,原因状语分词词组,原因状语 ) with his portrait growing .同时,他的画像日益同时,他的画像日益 (with 复合结构,伴随状语复合结构,伴随状语) Read the paragraph 3 car
19、efully. What can we learn? (diction/wording 措辞,措辞,texts tructure 结构,结构,writing technique 写作手法,写作手法,figures of speech 修辞,修辞,conflicts and suspense 冲突和冲突和悬念悬念.) Soon afterwards, . Soon afterwards, .随后,随之,随后,随之, be surprised to find . heartlessly abandon sb take on a cruel look be surprised to find . 惊
20、奇地惊奇地发现某事发现某事 heartlessly abandon sb 无情地,狠心地抛弃无情地,狠心地抛弃take on a cruel look 面目狰狞面目狰狞 Read the paragraph 4 carefully. What can we learn? (diction/wording 措辞,措辞,texts tructure 结构,结构,writing technique 写作手法,写作手法,figures of speech 修辞,修辞,conflicts and suspense 冲突和冲突和悬念悬念.) engage in various evil deeds Fee
21、ling desperate, . while engage in various evil deeds 坏事做尽坏事做尽Feeling desperate, . 绝望的,孤注一掷,绝望的,孤注一掷, 铤而走险铤而走险while 对比对比 Read the paragraph 5 carefully. What can we learn? (diction/wording 措辞,措辞,texts tructure 结构,结构,writing technique 写作手法,写作手法,figures of speech 修辞,修辞,conflicts and suspense 冲突和冲突和悬念悬念
22、.) In the story, what matters most is. in pursuit of physical beauty and pleasure 追求声色犬马追求声色犬马 a man , high face values, darkness in heart; Dorian Gray a man, low face values, brightness in heart. a lady, low face values, brightness in heart. a man, low face values, brightness in heart. White-eyebro
23、w hero, Xu Liang, 白眉大侠徐良白眉大侠徐良 a lady, low face values, brightness in heart. Jane Eyre, 简简 爱爱 简简爱(爱(Jane Eyre)是英国女作家夏洛蒂)是英国女作家夏洛蒂勃朗特勃朗特创作的创作的长篇小说长篇小说,是一部具有,是一部具有自传色彩自传色彩的作品。的作品。Introduction about the author ( literary schools, 文学流派文学流派)(writing technique,写作手法,写作手法) 该小说讲述孤女简该小说讲述孤女简爱自幼爱自幼父母双亡,寄养于舅母家,
24、父母双亡,寄养于舅母家,备受虐待,备受虐待,后被舅母打发到洛伍德义塾(洛伍德学校)后被舅母打发到洛伍德义塾(洛伍德学校)去。洛伍德义塾环境恶劣,但她顽强地活了下来。毕业去。洛伍德义塾环境恶劣,但她顽强地活了下来。毕业两年后,简应聘去当家庭教师谋生。主人两年后,简应聘去当家庭教师谋生。主人罗切斯特性格罗切斯特性格忧郁、喜怒无常忧郁、喜怒无常,但经过较长时间接触,简发现罗切斯,但经过较长时间接触,简发现罗切斯特特心地善良,为人正直、刚毅,心地善良,为人正直、刚毅,渐渐对他产生了感情。渐渐对他产生了感情。 当他们在教堂举行婚礼时,简当他们在教堂举行婚礼时,简痛苦地发现痛苦地发现,原来罗切,原来罗切斯
25、特有一个疯妻伯莎斯特有一个疯妻伯莎安托瓦妮特安托瓦妮特梅森。简悲伤地离去。梅森。简悲伤地离去。后来,与她离散多年的叔父约翰后来,与她离散多年的叔父约翰爱病故,遗赠给她巨额爱病故,遗赠给她巨额财产。因不能忘情于罗切斯特,她重回故地,才知数月财产。因不能忘情于罗切斯特,她重回故地,才知数月前疯女人纵火而死,罗切斯特为救她前疯女人纵火而死,罗切斯特为救她一只眼睛被砸了出一只眼睛被砸了出来,另一只眼睛发炎也看不见了。来,另一只眼睛发炎也看不见了。简立刻去向他倾诉衷简立刻去向他倾诉衷情,情,两人终缔良缘。两人终缔良缘。后来,罗切斯特在伦敦医好了一只后来,罗切斯特在伦敦医好了一只眼睛,和简眼睛,和简爱生下
26、了一个男孩爱生下了一个男孩。Plots of the Story (故事情节故事情节)Background (背景背景)Main Characters (主要人物主要人物)Images and Characteristics (人物形象和人物形象和特征特征)Emotional development(情感变化情感变化) 简简爱中简爱中简爱的人生追求有两个基本旋律:富有爱的人生追求有两个基本旋律:富有激情、幻想、反抗和坚持不懈的精神;对人间自由幸福激情、幻想、反抗和坚持不懈的精神;对人间自由幸福的渴望和对更高精神境界的追求。的渴望和对更高精神境界的追求。 这本小说的这本小说的主题是主题是通过通过
27、孤女坎坷不平孤女坎坷不平的人生经历,的人生经历,成功地塑造了一个成功地塑造了一个不安于现状、不甘受辱、敢于抗争的不安于现状、不甘受辱、敢于抗争的女性形象女性形象,反映一个平凡心灵的坦诚倾诉的呼号和责难,反映一个平凡心灵的坦诚倾诉的呼号和责难,一个一个小写的人小写的人成为一个成为一个大写的人大写的人的渴望。的渴望。Central Theme Life pursuitStruggle Humanity Read the following paragraph carefully. What can we learn? Jane Eyre Jane Eyre, written by Charlott
28、e Bronte and firstpublished in 1847, tells the timeless story of the love between a poor young governess and a richand mysterious gentleman. Read the following paragraph carefully. What can we learn? After leaving the orphanage where she has spentmost of her childhood, Jane Eyre goes to work as the
29、governess of the daugher of a wealthy but troubled landowner. As she comes to know the great house and the people who live and work within it, Jane begins to uncover the secret responsible for Rochesters temperand reticence. They fall in love, but just when their happily ever after seems to be in si
30、ght, that secret threatens to tear them apart. Read the following paragraph carefully. What can we learn? Jane Eyre looks at how people should not be underestimated because of the way they look-Jane might be small and plain, but she is also strong, courageous and independent. Although she is a woman
31、 and from a lower social class than Rochester, she wants to prove herself his equal in spirit. Do you like to choose literature as your major after entering the university? 文学文学 (双一流学科)(双一流学科) 中国语言文学中国语言文学 外国语言文学外国语言文学 比较文学与世界文学比较文学与世界文学 比较文学与跨文化研究比较文学与跨文化研究 北京大学 北京外国语大学 北京师范大学 上海外国语大学 复旦大学 复旦大学 南京大学 南京大学 华中师范大学 北京师范大学 陕西师范大学 北京大学 山东大学 湖南师范大学 延边大学