（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册衔接教学案材料(全册15份打包).rar

第一讲第一讲 音标复习音标复习元音音标元音音标【语言知识概要语言知识概要】I. 基本概念基本概念1. 开音节和闭音节 音节是单词中最小的语音单位，通常是由一个元音加上一个或几个辅音构成。按元音字母在单词中的发音的不同，可把单词分为开音节和闭音节。（1（ 开音节分为绝对开音节和相对开音节。由一个元音字母结尾的音节是绝对开音节。如：I，no，my 等。 （注：在辅音字母后面的 y 属元音字母。 ）以“一个元音字母加一个辅音字母（r 除外）不发音的 e”结尾的音节是相对开音节。例如：name，rose，five，nine，grade，game，these，use 等。开音节中的元音字母一般发字母本身的音。（2）闭音节是一种以“一个元音字母一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外） ”结尾的音节。例如：ten，not，it，am，thank 等（3）单音节词在朗读时都要重读，双音节或多音节单词中也一般有一个重读音节，别的为弱读音节。2. 英语国际音标简介：英语里共有 48 个音素，记录音素的符号叫做音标。大多数音标的形式与英语印刷体小写字母相同，为避免混淆，音标放在 内（有些书刊是计算机排版，采用了两条斜线“/” ）英语的音标可分为两大类：元音音标和辅音音标。II. 元音音标（元音音标（20 个）元音音素发音特点是：声带振动，气流不受阻碍，且发音时声音响亮或比较响亮。根据英语字母的读音规则来记单词，如：五个元音字母在重读开音节中一般读字母本音，在重读闭音节中一般读相应短音，为了方便记忆，下表是以五个元音字母在不同情况下的发音，归纳出 20 个元音音标：字 母aeiou开音节eIi:ai ju:闭音节earerirorurr 音节（元音字母后+r） : : :/ : : : :组合音节（两个或三个元音字母一起发一个元音）e e / I / / I / a a /u: / 根据上表归纳，20 个元音音标是（重复的和/ju:/除外）：单元音短元音e 长元音i: : : u: : :双元音eI ai I I e e a a III.音节的划分（一）音节的划分（一）英语单词是由字母组成的，而字母又构成音节，音节的核心是元音，由一个或几个元音字母代表。根据单词所含的音节，把单词分为单音节词、双音节词和多音节词。 英语单词在发音的时候，不是一个字母一个字母地来发音的，而是几个字母几个字母地拼起来发音的，因此英语单词叫“拼音文字”，几个拼起来发音的字母叫一个“音节”。音节有开音节、闭音节、半开音节之分，不同的音节里，要选择字母的不同发音。下面给同学们介绍几种如何划分音节的方法：1. 如果两个音节之间只有一个辅音字母（r 除外），该字母要归右面的音节，第一音节要读作开音节。如 pa-perpeip，stu-dentstju:dnt，o-pen pn等。2. 如果两音节之间有两个辅音字母（第一个不是 r），这两个辅音字母分别划归左右两个音节，第一个音节为闭音节。如：mat-termt，win-dowwind，hap-pyhpi，mid-dle midl等。注：如果两个相同的辅音字母在一起并用时，只发一个辅音字母的音，如上例。3. 如果两音节之间有两个辅音字母，第一个是 r，这两个辅音字母可分别划归左右两个音节，第一个音节按 r 重读音节读，如 cor-nerk :，cer-tains:tn等。如果分界线上的两个辅音字母都是 r，左边的重读音节按闭音节读。如：car-rykri，sorrysri，carrotkrt，borrowbr等。4. 辅音字母 l，m，n 等也可构成非重读音节，如 ap-plepl，bot-tlebtl，noo-dleu:dl，of-tenfn等。拿来一个长单词，怎样把它划分成短小的几个音节呢？现在把单词的音节划分方法总结成下面的音节划分口诀： 先找元音去尾 e，一个元音一音节。 元音相连听音定，加上头尾是整体。 以上口诀是什么意思呢？由于元音字母是音节的心脏，给单词划分音节时，首先要找到的就是单词中的元音字母，每找到一个元音字母，就找到了一个音节。但英语单词词尾的元音字母e 常常不发音，这个不发音的 e 不算在一个音节中，要去掉。 【语言技能引领语言技能引领】I.按要求完成下列各题按要求完成下列各题朗读下列各组单词和句子并说出其中规律。tapetap，mademad，fatefat; memet, bebed，sheshed；sitesit, bitebit, kitekit；notenot, hopehop, proberob； hugehug，mutemud, tubebut熟记下列元音字母组合及例词。ar : party, car, star er :, her, prefer; teacher, worker ir : bird, girl, skirt or :, sport, horse; worm, visitor ur : turn, returnai, ay eI wait, raise, stay, away al :, :l talk, walk; salt air, are e chair, stair, care, dareea i:, e, eI , teach, speak; bread dead; great, break ee i: feel, beef ear, ere, eir I, e hear, here; theirigh ai light, right, flight, brighting I speaking, singingoa coat; boat oou:, room, moon; book; goodoua, house, blouse; young, countryow , a yellow, borrow; how; cow oi, oyI noise, voice, toy, enjoy朗读句子。1. This is a kitten (小猫) in the kitchen2. In the kitchen I fry the chicken3. A fly flies into the kitchen while I fry the chicken4. I like to ride my light white bike，and fly a white light kite with my wifeII. 写出下列单词划线部分的读音。写出下列单词划线部分的读音。1. province 2. attitude 3. website 4. amaze 5. teenager 6. disappoint 7. move 8. bored 9. enjoy 10. disappear 11. impress 12. system III. 根据短文意思，用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空根据短文意思，用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空miss make difficult sure until learn about reading often wordWhen 1_ _ new vocabulary, dont just memorize (记住) a list of words. Instead, try to2 _ five sentences using each new word. Then use the new word as 3_ as you can the first day you learn it. In this way you will remember new words much longer.Practising sounds, you know, is, 4 the “th” sound for example. Choose 5_that begin with “th” and repeat them over and over again 6 you are comfortable with them. Lets try! This, that, those, them, think, thought, through, thin, thick.Read, read, readin English, of course! 7 is one of the best ways to increase your vocabulary and improve your grammar in a natural and fun way. Be 8 to choose topics (话题) or books you are interested in.When someone is talking in English, listen for the main point. If you hear a word you dont understand, ignore (忽略) it and go on listening. If you stop and think 9_the word, you will 10 everything else the person is saying.Always rememberPractice makes perfect.【学习策略指导学习策略指导】“万丈高楼平地起” ，是说地基对于建筑物的重要性，而构筑英语殿堂的基石则是英语音标，学英语的目的就是为了说英语，用英语。一方面，有些人尽管笔试成绩不错，但却羞于启齿说英语，或者说出的英语令人难以听懂。究其原因，是英语音标没掌握。另一方面，大多数英语单词的拼写和单词的音标都遵循读音规则，因此，只要掌握了读音规则，并不断总结单词拼写与其音标之间的联系，就能做到看见单词就能读出来，能说出来的单词就会写。总之，掌握好语音，不仅对于练就一口标准的英语口语很关键，而且对于记忆英语单词也有很大帮助。 As clearly as possible! As loudly as possible! As quickly as possible!第一讲答案第一讲答案II. 参看高一册 13 单元词汇表III. learning make often difficult words until Reading sure about miss初高中衔接点津初高中衔接点津第七讲第七讲【语言知识概要语言知识概要】I. 词汇搜索词汇搜索II. 单词拼写单词拼写1. 面试，采访 2. 发展 3. 活动 4. 解释，说明 5. 介绍 6. 提及 7. 成功，胜利 8. 想象 9. 药物 10.个人的，私人的 III. 短语填空短语填空1. 结果 2. 出版 3. 关掉 4. 当心 5. 担心 6. 请求 7. 对感兴趣 8. 想要 9. 和，而且 10. 占用 IV. 语法扫描语法扫描名词、代词名词、代词名词名词名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它属于一种重要的实词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语或状语。常见的考点如下：1名词的各种分类。单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式(manmen, womanwomen, childchildren,toothteeth, footfeet, mousemice)及部分单复、数同形的名词(fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese)。2不可数名词数量的表达法。用“数词或冠词量词of不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但 of 后面的名词只能用单数。如：a glass of water 一杯水two pieces of advice一条建议3名词所有格及其用法。以-s 结尾的单数名词加“”或“s”构成所有格；以-s 或-es结尾的复数名词只加“”；不规则复数名词在词尾加“s”；两者或两者以上共同所有，把“s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。4名词作主语时的主谓一致。主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数；主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式；谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。collection take up be interested in interview develop as well as activity imagine come out as a result success friendship personal public feel like lonely touch worry about matter look out (for) mention explain ask for article instruction memory appear medicine suggest turn off5语境中名词的选择。根据语境确定名词的词义，再根据句法进一步确定词形。6易混名词的区别。主要是要求区别一些常见的容易混淆的名词的用法。代词代词代词是用来代替名词的词。它是英语语法结构中的一个重要项目，也是中高考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年中高考试题，出现频率最高的是不定代词，其次是 it 用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。其常见考点如下：1人称代词的主、宾格及其语法功能。2形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法和区分。3反身代词的用法及其语法功能。反身代词在句中作同位语和宾语。 以上三种代词见下表：代词单 数复 数主 格Iyouhe sheitweyouthey人称代词宾 格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir物主代词名 词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfours-selvesyours-selvestheirs-selves4指示代词 this，that，these，those 等词在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语的用法。5不定代词的用法。不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11，both，each，every 等，以及含有 some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，如anybody， something，no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但 none 和由 some，any，no 等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every 和 no 只能作定语。6疑问、连接、关系代词的用法。who，whom，whose，what 和 which 等在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句；引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句）；关系代词 who，whom，that 和 which 引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。7it, one(s), that, those 等作替代词的用法。 one 表示泛指，代替 a (an)+n.。that 和 it 表示特指。that 与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，代替 the + n.。而 it 与所指名词为同一个。I need a hat. I think I must buy one.(不特定哪一个) 我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。 The hat you bought is bigger than that of mine.(同类但不同个) 你买的那顶帽子比我的大。 I cant find my hat. I don t know where I put it.( 同一物) 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。名词、代词练习名词、代词练习1. Dont make so much .The baby is sleeping.A. things B. mistakes C. voice D. noise2. How far is it from your home to the school?Its about . A.10 minutes walk B.10 minutes walk C.10-minutes walk D.10 minutes walk3. Are there many _on the farm? A. horse B. duck C. sheep D. chicken 4. Im hungry, could I have _.A. a cup of tea B. four pieces of breadC. two glasses of water D. three bottles of milk 5. The _shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _ _car. A. girls; Toms B. girls; Toms C. girls; Toms D. girls; Toms 6. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. that7. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 8. He has made a lot of films, but _ good ones. 2007 北京卷A. any B. some C. few D. many9. To save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for homework. 2007 湖南卷 A. us B. we C. our D. ours 10. There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ?No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. 2007 陕西卷A.it; one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;it11. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.2007 天津卷A. this B. that C. it D. these12. He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. 2007 浙江卷 A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It13. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _ left in the house. 2007 重庆卷A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something14. Treat to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day. 2007 上海春 A. one B. oneself C. you D. yourself15. Let Tony do it by_ _. He is no longer a kid A. him B. his C. himself D. he【语言技能引领语言技能引领】I. 句型转换句型转换1. When I hear that song, I feel happy.That music always makes .2. This is my new bicycle. My parents gave it to me.My parents gave .3. Theres a concert tomorrow. Its at the Concert Hall. at .4. Theres an interview on Starsearch. It s my favourite singer.Theyre on Starsearch.5. Her father joined the Party last year.Her father the Party last year.II. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子根据汉语意思完成下列句子1.我发现学好英语不容易。I _ _ _ to learn English well.2.我头疼, 心烦意乱, 我不知道该怎么办。Ive got a_, Im very_ and I dont know_ _ _ .3.从图书馆借书必须按时归还。When you _books_ the library, you must_ _ _ on time.4.他和他的同班同学相处的很好。He is_ _ _ _ his classmates.5.看上去他们完全能自己做好它。_ _that they can do it_ _.III. 根据短文意思，用方框内所给的单词正确形式填空。根据短文意思，用方框内所给的单词正确形式填空。planned expensive unusual clothes like together driver excited better late stand warm Father and I left early. It was unusual for us to go into town 1_. Usually these shipping trips were Mothers business and she 2_ ereything. She arrived at the bus stop just before the bus. She always took a small present for the 3_, and she always got the best seat. Father had no 4_ plan than to be first at the shop, and so we waited for over an hour. Finally the bus drew up, and the driver shouted at everyone. “Come on! Come on! Get on quickly!” People all climbed onto the bus. Father was polite and stood aside, so by the time we got on, there were no seats. We had to 5_ all the way into town. At last we arrived, cold and tired. “Im starving.” I said. Father took me to a caf. It was 6_ and there was a wonderful smell. I felt better. We ate lunch and discussed the day. “Well have a good time!” said Father. A whole day with my father was very unusual. We were prepareing to visit my grandmother. That was 7_, too. Grandmother lived in the far north, a cold part of the country. Mother told me stories about it, and I was 8_ about the visit. “Whats it 9_ in the north?” I asked Father again and again. “Its very cold.” he said. “We must buy some warm 10_.” We went from shop to shop, buying shoes, thick socks, carves and gloves. We had more and more bags to carry. It was 11_, nearly time to get the bus home. We had one more shop to visit. “I suppose Ill need a coat.” I said. “Lets have a look in here.” Then I saw it, a beautiful jacket. It was very 12_. “How about this jacket?” Father nodded. “I think thats all.” he said.【学习策略指导学习策略指导】听懂别人所说是交流的基础。你可先听明白一对词中的音差，再听单词意义的异同，再判断句子的差异，再过渡到听段落的意思，短文含义。过渡的过程就是进步的过程。坚持分步听与整体听相结合；坚持分散听与集中听相结合。今天你能听懂一个词，明天就能听懂两个三个词，不懈的努力，定能取得不断的进步。 The pig next to the temple can learn to pray. Repetition can defifitely create miracles.第七讲答案第七讲答案II. 单词拼写1. interview2. develop3. activity4. explain 5. introduce6. mention7. victory8. imagine9. medicine10. personalIII. 短语填空1. as a result2. come out3. turn off4. look out (for) 5. worry about6. ask for7. be interested in8. feel like9. as well as 10. take up语法扫描1-5. DDCBC 6-10. BBDAA 11-15. CDADCI. 句型转换1. feel happy2. a new bicycle to me3. Theres a concert tomorrow at the Concert Hall.4. interviewing my favourite singer5. became a member ofII. 完成句子1. found it difficult(not easy) 2. headache, upset, what to do 3. borrow, from , return them 4. getting along/on well with 5.It seemed, by themselvesIII. 短文填空together planned driver better stand warm unusual excited like clothes late expensive初高中衔接点津初高中衔接点津第三讲第三讲【语言知识概要语言知识概要】I词汇搜索词汇搜索matchpractisefactorymanager dictionary building many healthy favourite birthday idea inviteshowtimefinishdifferent habit presentneverusuallychoose thousand more connect finallydocument next againdownloadinformationII单词拼写单词拼写英语 学生老师医院 十二 父母喝周四价格 周末 III短语填空短语填空1怎样；如何 what 2. 看电视 television 3. 弹钢琴 the piano 4. 呆在家 stay 5. 很高兴见到你 nice you 6. 起床 7. 喜欢，乐意 would do sth. 8. 那真是好主意 Thats 9. 欢迎来北京 Beijing 10. 一次动物园之旅 a trip the zooIV语法扫描语法扫描英语构词法英语构词法英语构词法主要有三种：合成、派生与转化。另外缩写和简写也是构词法的一种。. 合成：有两个或更多的词合成一个词。（1）复合名词class + room = classroom (名词+名词) black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词)（2）复合形容词warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 热心肠的good + look+ing = good-looking 相貌好看的world +wide= worldwide世界性的hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的 （3）复合动词 over + come = overcome 克服 (副词+动词)（4）复合数词 fifty+ four= fifty-four（5）复合代词 everyone, somebody, anything, nobody ( 不定代词+名词)（6）复合副词 down+ stairs = downstairs 在楼下( 形容词+名词) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly 全神贯注地(副词+副词)2. 派生是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。 Happyunhappy developdevelopment（1）前缀一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。mis- 错误的 + understand v. 理解 misunderstand v. 误解en + large adj. 大的 enlarge v. 扩大（2）后缀一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。care v. 照料 careful adj. 细心的work v. 工作 worker n. 工人（3）常见前缀归纳：表示否定的前缀： un- unfair, unhappy non- nonsmoker (常用在 n. adj. adv. 前) in- inactive (常用在 adj.后) dis- disagree, disappear im- impolite, impossible (用在 b，p，m 开头的词前)表示错误或过失的前缀: mis- misunderstand, misdirect(误导)表示两个,双边的前缀： bi- bicolor ( 双色的), bicycle表示相互,交互,在一起的前缀inter- interview, international, internet表示又,再,重新的前缀 re- review, return, rewrite表示远的前缀tele telephone, television（4）常见后缀归纳 动词变名词：-tion education, invitation, prediction-ment development, movement, disappointment-er teacher, worker, runner, singer-or visitor, sailor, tutor, actor-ist ( 人,名词后缀)scientist, terrorist-ese ( 民族,语言,名词后缀) Chinese, Japanese 形容词变名词-ness happiness, meanness, carelessness-ity ability, possibility 名词变形容词：-y windy, rainy, healthy, funny, cloudy-ish foolish, feverish-some handsome, troublesome-ous dangerous, humorous-ful helpful, careful, peaceful, colorful-less homeless, helpless, careless-ed surprised, balanced, talented-ing interesting, outstanding-al traditional, international, natural 名词、形容词变动词：-ify beautify, simplify-ize realize, modernize-en quicken, widen, sharpen3. 转化：是指一种词类转化为另一种词类。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切. water n. 水 water vt. 浇水常见的转化形式几种：（1）动词名词stop v. 停止 n.车站love v. 爱 n. 爱watch v. 观看 n. 手表look v. 看have a look n. 看 walk v. 散步, 走take a walk n.散步love v. 爱 your love n. 爱（2）名词 动词 hand n. 手 vt. 上交seat n. 座位 vt. 坐nurse n. 护士 vt. 护理oil n. 油 vt. 上油time n. 时间 vt. 定时，测时show n. 展览,展示 vt. 表演,演出（3）形容词-动词 slow ( adj. 慢的) slow ( v. 放慢) open (adj. 开着的) open( v.开). 缩写和简写 : 缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法)主要采取: “截头”,“去尾”或者 “既截头又去尾”的方法生成新词.telephonephone airplaneplane laboratorylab mathematicsmath advertisementad examinationexam 另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成.CD ( compact disk)CCTV ( China Central Television)NBA (National Basketball Association)UFO ( unidentified flying object)UN ( United Nations) ID ( identification)USA ( United States of America) 构词法巩固练习1. That man was_ enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A. careB. carefulC. carelessD. carelessness 2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his_ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C