1、Discovering Useful StructuresGrammar 名词、形容词、副词短语句法功能 Improve a draft on Page 16. Noun Phrase (NP) 以名词作为中心词的名词短语，在句中可以做主/宾/表/宾补。名词短语的组成：(限定词)(形容词/形容词短语/描述性名词)名词(介词短语)。Word group with a noun as its head word名词短语中的限定词包括四类：(1)冠词(a/an/the)；(2)指示代词(this/that/these/those等)；(3)物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/t
2、heir等)；(4)不定代词(some/no/neither/both等)。_gave me _ in choosing courses.学校导师在选课上给了我很多帮助。I really dont know _ .我真的不认识树下的那个女孩。He made _ for his study in _ .他在新学期制订了一个很好的学习计划。I recommend that you make _ .我建议你制订一个可行的计划。名词短语The school advisermuch helpthe girl under the treea good planthe new terma workable
3、scheduleImprove a draft on Page 16. Adjective phrase (AdjP)以形容词作为中心词的形容词短语，在句中可以做表/定/状。Word group with an adjective as its head 形容词短语的定义：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，一般用作定语(修饰名词或代词)、表语或宾语补足语。形容词短语常见有以下几个组合：(1)副词形容词；(2)副词短语形容词；(3)副词形容词介词短语；(4)形容词enough。I think your idea is _ .我认为你的想法对我们真的很好。It is not
4、 the right road and were _ !这条路不对，我们完全迷路了！Dont worry about the children.Theyre _ to take care of themselves.不要担心孩子们，他们已经长大，自己会照顾自己了。really good for uscompletely lostold enough形容词短语Improve a draft on Page 16. Adverb phrase (AdvP) 以副词作为中心词的副词短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，一般用作状语。Word group with an adver
5、b as its head word副词短语主要有以下几个组合：(1)副词副词；(2)副词短语副词；(3)副词enough。He answered _ to the teachers questions.对老师的提问，他回答得很快。She does _ in ballet dancing.她芭蕾舞跳得很好。I wanted it _ to work hard for it. 我极想得到它，我会为此而努力。very quicklyquite wellbadly enoughImprove a draft on Page 16. Noun Phrase (NP)Adjective phrase (
6、AdjP)Adverb phrase (AdvP) Word group with an adverb as its head word以副词作为中心词的副词短语，在句中状语。Word group with a noun as its head word以名词作为中心词的名词短语，在句中可以做主/宾/表/宾补。Word group with an adjective as its head word以形容词作为中心词的形容词短语，在句中可以做表/定/状。1. Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories b
7、elow. Then state the functions. 找出哪些是名词短语，形容词短语以及副词短语，按照例句的形式做出标记。并标出在句子中所作的句子成分 。关注名词：添加形容词、介宾短语等作为修饰成分；关注名词：添加形容词、介宾短语等作为修饰成分；关注动词：添加副词关注动词：添加副词/ /副词短语作为修饰成分；副词短语作为修饰成分；关注形容词：添加副词作为修饰成分。关注形容词：添加副词作为修饰成分。1. The first week was a little confusing.2. The building is so big that Im completely lost.3. T
8、he kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.5. The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough.6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!1. The first week was a little con
9、fusing.2. The building is so big that Im completely lost.3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.5. The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough.6. My first French class was very confusing.
10、 The teacher spoke so fast!NP-主语AdjP-表语NP-主语AdjP-表语AdjP-表语NP-主语NP-宾语AdvP-状语NP-宾语NP-主语AdvP-状语NP-主语AdjP-表语NP-主语AdvP-状语1. How soon do you think youll finish your homework? (pretty soon)-I think I ll finish my homework pretty soonpretty soon.2 .What do you think of your new teachers? (very nice and pati
11、ent)-I think my new teachers are very nice and patientvery nice and patient.3. How many clubs have you joined this year?(two clubs)-I have joined two clubs two clubs this year.4 .How well does Rita play the violin? We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well)-Rita plays the violin quite w
12、ellquite well.5 .What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course? (too difficult but very interesting)-My adviser say the advanced literature course is too difficult but too difficult but very interestingvery interesting.2. Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets on Page 16
13、.AdvP-状语AdjP-表语NP-宾语AdvP-状语AdjP-表语Ive always wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for theteam. It was hard. First we had to dance. The teacher showed us howto move. And then we tried. Second, we practiced singing a songabout the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift t
14、heirpartners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well,but the other girls were better. Im not sure if Ill make the team ornot.3. Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information Ive always wanted to be a cheerleader. Ye
15、sterday, I tried out for theteam. It was hard. First we had to dance. The teacher showed us howto move. And then we tried. Second, we practiced singing a songabout the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift theirpartners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well,but th
16、e other girls were better. Im not sure if Ill make the team ornot. a high school cheerleadermy schools cheerleading teamreally hardprofessionally The beautiful dancing teacherbeautifully and gracefullya sweet English songwonderfulprettyprettyprettyhappilyprettyprettyfarthe cheerleading teamIve alway
17、s wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my schools cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance professionally. The beautiful dancing teacher showed us how to move beautifully and gracefully. And then we tried repeatedly. Second, we practiced singing a s
18、weet English song about the wonderful school basketball team. Finally, some pretty girls had to lift their dance partners. The other pretty girls jumped and cheered happily. I think I did pretty well, but the other pretty girls were far better. Im not sure if Ill make the cheerleading team or not.Fi
19、nd the noun/ adjective/adverb phrases in the passage and state their functions. If you have learnt some maths at school, you can quite quickly work out that one eleventh is about 9 percent. But did you know that 9 percent is also the number of children who are not at school? Thats rightone in 11 chi
20、ldren is not studying and probably even cannot do the simple maths you just did so very easily. They drop out of school because their families are too poor and they have to work like adults. In 2013, millions of children and teenagers were out of school. Most live in poor countries but there are als
21、o some boys and girls who cannot go to school in rich countries. If you are one of the lucky ones who can go to a senior high school, you should be grateful for the opportunity. So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring, difficult homework or go to class, think about the children w
22、ho dont have the chance to get a good education. Make the most of your education and make the world a better place. If you have learnt some maths at school, you can quite quickly work out that one eleventh is about 9 percent. But did you know that 9 percent is also the number of children who are not
23、 at school? Thats rightone in 11 children is not studying and probably even cannot do the simple maths you just did so very easily. They drop out of school because their families are too poor and they have to work like adults. In 2013, millions of children and teenagers were out of school. Most live
24、 in poor countries but there are also some boys and girls who cannot go to school in rich countries. If you are one of the lucky ones who can go to a senior high school, you should be grateful for the opportunity. So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring, difficult homework or go
25、to class, think about the children who dont have the chance to get a good education. Make the most of your education and make the world a better place. If you have learnt some maths at school, you can quite quickly work out that one eleventh is about 9 percent. But did you know that 9 percent is als
26、o the number of children who are not at school? Thats rightone in 11 children is not studying and probably even cannot do the simple maths you just did so very easily. They drop out of school because their families are too poor and they have to work like adults. In 2013, millions of children and tee
27、nagers were out of school. Most live in poor countries but there are also some boys and girls who cannot go to school in rich countries. If you are one of the lucky ones who can go to a senior high school, you should be grateful for the opportunity. So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring, difficult homework or go to class, think about the children who dont have the chance to get a good education. Make the most of your education and make the world a better place.
