1、 初中语法项目分类：（共8类） 一般分类 1、一般现在时 2、一般过去时 3、一般将来时 4、现在进行时 5、现在完成（进行）时 6、过去进行时 7、过去完成时 8、过去将来时 构成： 动词用原形 三人称单数-s / es 用法： 表示经常性的 动作或状态 象征词： Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。 规则变化： 一般-s es 辅音y-ies 不规则变化: have-has 例句： He goes to school every day. I often have lunch at home. 练习题： 1. We often_(play) in the p
2、laygound. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What _(do) he usually_(do) after school? 5. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art an school. 构成： 动词用过去时 Bewas/ were 用法： 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态 象征词： ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等 规则变化： 一般/去e 双写/
3、辅y结尾ied 不规则变化: go-went come-came do-did leave-left等 例句： He wrote a letter yesterday. I studied hard last year. 练习题： 1. What _they _dinner yesterday ? A. do; have for B. did; had for C. did; have for D. were; have for 2. Could you tell me what time the plane _? A. left B. leaves C. leaved D. was leav
4、ing 3. One of us _band last month. A. leaves B. leave C. leaved D. left 构成： be going toV原 will / shall + V原 用法： 在将来某个时间或 某段时要做的事 象征词： tomorrow / after next / tonight in 2010 不规则变化: Go come leave stay fly等用进行表将来 例句： Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow . 练习题： 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow af
5、ternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be 构成：
6、bedoing 用法： 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态 象征词： listen look now all the time Dont 规则变化: 一般去e 双写+ing 不规则变化： tie die lie 变ie为y加ing 例句： Tom is writing now . They are lying on the bed . 练习题： 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be 2. Charlie _
7、here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be 构成： have / has +PP have/has been+doing 用法： 发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等 象征词： 含糊的频率副词 already just never ever 规则变
8、化: 分词规则的同过去式是一样的 不规则变化： 不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆 例句： I have been teaching for 8 years. He has slept for two days. 练习题： 1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.” “When _ you _ (have) it?” “I _ (have) it at 12:00.” 2. “_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes, I _. I _ (write) one last week.” 、3. “_ he _ (fi
9、nish) his homework?” “Not yet.” 、4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.” 、5. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work. 构成： was / were +doing 多用于复合句中 用法： 表在过去某时间正在进行的动作 象征词： at this time yesterday last Sunday evening 规则变化: 一般去e 双写+ing 不规则变化： tie die lie 变ie为y加ing 例句： He was reading at that ti
10、me last Friday 练习题： 1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us. 2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in. 3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away. 4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off. 5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all,
11、 work) in the fields. 构成： had+动过去分词 多用于复合句中 用法： 该动作发生在过去的过去 象征词： by the time过去时 when after before 规则变化: 规则的分词构成与过去时一样的 不规则变化： 需要逐个记忆 详见不规则动词表 例句： We had learnt 2000 words by the end of last year. 练习题： By the end of this century, we_ ours into a strong modern country. A. will build B. had built C. ha
12、ve built D. will have built We _the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished B.would finish C. had finished D. had been finished I _to help you but couldnt get here in time. A. want B. had wanted C. have wanted D. was wanting 构成： would + V 原形 多用宾语从句中 用法： 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态 象征词： He said that he the next day . 例句： He said that he would come here the next day .
