1、 Unit 3 A Healthy Life 健康的生活健康的生活 Words and Expressions1. cigarettecigarettecigarette Smoking will surely kill you. Old Habits Die Hard.Smoking will make you die young.1.肺癌。呼肺癌。呼吸道系统、心脑血管系统、内分吸道系统、心脑血管系统、内分泌系统泌系统等。全等。全球每年死于烟草的人数高达球每年死于烟草的人数高达500万万。2.骨骨头变得又松又头变得又松又脆。脆。3.心脏病、心心脏病、心血管病、伤害大脑。血管病、伤害大脑。4.
2、嘴嘴唇干燥皱纹唇干燥皱纹多。多。5.吸吸烟可导致口腔癌和喉癌烟可导致口腔癌和喉癌。6.患患有肠胃性疾有肠胃性疾病病者者,吸吸烟足以使肠胃病更恶烟足以使肠胃病更恶化化,易患胃易患胃癌、癌、肝癌、结肠癌等肝癌、结肠癌等。7.二二手烟不仅危害自身而手烟不仅危害自身而且危害他且危害他人人。8.头头发越来越发越来越少。少。9.不孕不育。不孕不育。10. 污染环境。污染环境。11.火灾。火灾。12.浪费钱。浪费钱。1. cigarette/cigaret: n. 香烟香烟;纸烟纸烟 sgret cigar sg: : 雪茄雪茄烟烟 a pack/packet of cigarettes: 一包烟一包烟 H
3、e went into the toilet and lit a cigarette. 【light- lit-lit(谓语用谓语用); lighted(定语用定语用)】2. alcohol lkhl2. alcohol: n. 酒酒;酒精酒精 (spirits: 烈酒烈酒) lkhl alcoholic lkhlk : 酒精酒精的的Our chief can drink lots of alcohol.3. abuse bju:z : v./n. 滥用滥用;虐待虐待;辱辱骂骂1)In the USA many actors abuse drugs.2)Dont abuse your wife
4、.3)She was arrested because of abuse of power.4. fitness: n. 健康健康;适合适合 fit: 健康的健康的1)We should often walk to improve our fitness.2)She tries to keep fit/healthy by running.5. sexual sekul :性性的的;性别的性别的 sex: n. 性性 male: n./adj. 男性男性 femalefi:meil : n./adj. 女性女性1) AIDS is a disease passed on by sexual c
5、ontact.2)Sexual health is very important to all of us.6. stress stres : v. 加压力于加压力于; 使紧使紧张张 n. 压力压力;紧张紧张;重音重音;强调强调 lay/put stress on: 强调强调 nervous/tense: 紧张的紧张的 pressure pre : 压力压力; 压压强强Things can go wrong when we are under stress/pressure. (在压力下在压力下)7. stressful: 令人紧令人紧张的张的;产生压力的产生压力的 This is a str
6、essful job.8. obesityobesityobesity8. obesity: n. (过度过度)肥胖肥胖;肥胖症肥胖症 bi:st overweight: 太胖的太胖的; 过重的过重的 Obesity will make a person suffer from many diseases.9. adolescent dlesnt : n. 青少青少年年 adj. 青春期的青春期的 teenager = teen: n. 青少年青少年 -Why do some adolescents smoke at our school? -Because they want to die
7、young.10. adolescence: 青春期青春期 dlesns11. ban: v. 禁止禁止;取缔取缔 (banned/banning) bn n. 禁令禁令;谴责谴责 ban sb from sw: 禁止某人去某地禁止某人去某地 ban sb from doing: 禁止某人做什么禁止某人做什么1)The rule bans all kinds of tests.2)China will ban smoking in public.3)He was banned from our wedding.4)We will ban the man from driving for eve
8、r.5)There is a ban on smoking in public.12. due dju: : 欠款的欠款的;预定的预定的;到期的到期的1)3000 dollars is due to the worker . 2)When is your baby due?3)The next train is due in 5 minutes.4)Payment(付款付款/收款收款) is due on August 1. 13. due to: 由于由于;因为因为 because of + 名词名词/代词代词/what句子句子: 因为因为 (状语状语) because/since/as/f
9、or + 陈述句陈述句: 因为因为 thanks/owing/due to: 作状语作状语; 表语表语 as a result of: 由于由于;因为因为1)Owing/Due/Thanks to the heavy rain, the match was put off. 2)Our flight is late owing/due/thanks to the bad weather. 3)His death was owing/due/thanks to a traffic accident.14. tough tf : 困难的困难的;强硬的强硬的;坚强的坚强的 rough rf:艰难的艰
10、难的; 恶劣的恶劣的;粗鲁的粗鲁的; 不平滑的不平滑的;粗糙的粗糙的 be tough on: 对对强硬强硬1)My father had a tough/difficult/hard childhood.2)We must be tough on Japan.3)I know how easy it is to start smoking and how tough it is to stop.15. addicted: 入了迷的入了迷的;上了瘾上了瘾的的 dktd be/become addicted to: 对对上上瘾瘾/入迷入迷The man has become addicted t
11、o drugs/ alcohol/computer games. 16. nicotine: n. 尼古尼古丁丁 nkti:n 烟碱烟碱,俗名尼古丁俗名尼古丁,是是一种存在于茄科植物一种存在于茄科植物（茄属）中的（茄属）中的生物碱生物碱,也也是烟草的重要成分。是烟草的重要成分。尼古丁会使人上瘾或产生依赖性（最难戒除尼古丁会使人上瘾或产生依赖性（最难戒除的毒瘾之一的毒瘾之一）,人们人们通常难以克制通常难以克制自己自己,重复重复使用尼古丁也增加心脏速度和升高血压并降使用尼古丁也增加心脏速度和升高血压并降低食欲。大剂量的尼古丁会引起呕吐以及低食欲。大剂量的尼古丁会引起呕吐以及恶恶心心,严重严重时人会
12、死亡。烟草中通常会含有时人会死亡。烟草中通常会含有尼古尼古丁丁,这这使许多吸烟者无法戒掉烟瘾。使许多吸烟者无法戒掉烟瘾。17. accustom kstm : v. 使习惯于使习惯于 accustomed: 习惯了的习惯了的;惯常的惯常的 accustom sb to (doing) sth: 使某人习惯于使某人习惯于 be/become accustomed to (doing) sth: = be/become used to: 习惯于习惯于 custom kstm：习惯：习惯; 风俗风俗 customer kstm： 顾顾客客; 客户客户; 主顾主顾 customs kstmz：海关：海
13、关; 关税关税1)She tried to accustom her daughter to (doing) housework. 2)My sister is accustomed to the work. 3)He will get accustomed to getting up early.18. withdrawal: n. 撤退撤退;收回收回; wdr:l 解解毒毒/脱瘾过程脱瘾过程 withdraw wdr: : v. 撤退撤退;提取提取(钱钱) 1)So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. 2
14、)The police were forced to make a rapid withdrawal. 3)The U.S. army will complete the withdrawal in six months. 4)China will not withdraw its troops from the islands.19. bad-tempered: 脾气暴躁的脾气暴躁的;易怒的易怒的 bdtempd good-tempered: 脾气好的脾气好的;快活的快活的 gdtempd lose ones temper:发脾发脾气气;发发怒怒 Miss Lee will become b
15、ad-tempered when she is tired.20. automatic: 无意识的无意识的;自动自动的的 :tmtk automatically:无意识地无意识地;自动地自动地 :tmtkl1)My reaction is automatic. 2)That is an automatic door.3)All the lights went out automatically.21. mental mentl : 精神的精神的;智力智力的的 mentally: adv. 精神上精神上;智力智力上上 physical: 物理的物理的; 身体的身体的; 有型的有型的 fzkl p
16、hysically: 身体上身体上;按自然规律按自然规律 physics: 物理物理1)She is suffering from a mental illness.2)The mental test will take place next Wednesday.22. quit(quit/quitted, quitting): v. kwt 停止停止(做做);离离开开; 辞职辞职 quit/stop doing: 停止做什停止做什么么 leave the job: 离职离职; 离开工作离开工作; 辞职辞职 quit the job: 辞职辞职;辞去工作辞去工作1)If I dont get
17、a rise/raise, I will quit (the factory).2)He quitted his job yesterday.3)Quit smoking in the school.23. effect fekt : n. 结果结果;效力效力;影响影响;效效果果 have an/no effect on/upon: 对对有有/无无影响影响/效果效果 have a/no side effect: 有有/无副无副作用作用 in effect/fact = as a matter of fact: 事实上事实上;实际上实际上 effort eft : n. 努力努力;尝尝试试 af
18、fect fekt : v. 影影响响 effective: 有效的有效的 effectively: 有有效地效地24. lunglunglungA smokers lung. 24. lung l : n. 肺肺 liver lv : 肝肝at the top of ones lung(s): 大声地大声地at the top of ones voice: 大声地大声地in a low/loud voice: 小声小声/大声地大声地1)The forests in South America are called the lung of the earth.2) “The flood is
19、coming,” he shouted at the top of his lung. The woman is pregnant.25. pregnant pregnntThe woman is nine months pregnant.26. abnormal: 异常的异常的;畸形畸形的的 bn:ml normal n:ml : 正常的正常的 (im- in- dis- un- ab- il- -less non-)1)Your sons behavior is abnormal.2)The weather is abnormal for July.3)Her baby may be ab
20、normal in some way.27. breathless: 气喘吁吁的气喘吁吁的;屏息屏息的的 brels breath bre : n. 呼呼吸吸 breathe bri: : v. 呼呼吸吸 hold ones breath: 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸 take a (deep) breath: (深深)呼吸呼吸 out of breath:气喘吁吁气喘吁吁;上气不接下气上气不接下气 We became breathless at the top of the mountain.28. unfit: 不健康的不健康的/合适的合适的/合格合格的的 fit:健康的健康的; 合适的合适的; 合
21、格合格的的 1)The water is unfit to drink. 2)Those houses are unfit to live in. 29. strengthen: v. 加强加强;巩固巩固;使加强使加强;变变强强 stren strong str : 强壮的强壮的;强健强健的的 strength stre : n. 力量力量;体力体力 long - length - lengthen1)It is necessary to strengthen the bridge.2)The wind will strengthen tonight.30. resolve: n./v. 决心
22、决心;决定决定;解解决决 rzlv solve slv : v. 解决解决;解答解答;破解破解;处处理理 decide: v. 决定决定 decision dsn : n. 决决定定 revolve: v. 旋转旋转 determine dtmn:v. 决定决定; 确定确定 determined: 坚决坚决/坚定坚定的的 determination: n.决决心心;决定决定;确定确定1)The difficulty will strengthen our resolve. 2)We have resolved the problem/issue/ difficulty/conflict. 3)
23、She resolves/decides to work harder from now on.31. decide on/upon: 对对作出决定作出决定 Please decide on the date for our opening ceremony. 32. packet pkt : n.小包小包;小盒小盒(UK) pack pk : n. 小包小包;小盒小盒(US) 33. feel like (doing): 想要想要;想要做想要做1)I feel like (drinking) a bottle of beer.2)We will go hiking if you feel l
24、ike it. 34. relaxation: n. 放松放松;松松弛弛 ri:lksen relax rlks : v. 放松放松;使放使放松松 relaxed: 放松的放松的;冷静的冷静的 relaxing: 使人放松的使人放松的 1)Lets go climbing for relaxation. 2)This kind of music will relax us.3)We felt/were relaxed after the match.4)Lets sing a relaxing English song. 35. desperate: 绝望的绝望的;拼命拼命的的 desprt
25、desperately: 绝望绝望地地;拼命地拼命地; 非非常常 deliberately dlbrtliadv.故故意意地地 1)These people became desperate after three years of difficult life. 2)The desperate prisoners shot at the residents in the street this morning.36. chemist: 药剂师药剂师;化学化学家家 kemst chemistry kemstri : 化化学学 chemical kemkl : 化学品化学品。 化化学学的的 at
26、 the chemists: 在药店在药店I bought some medicine at the chemists.gunbulletgun37. gum gm : 树树胶胶 gun gn : 枪枪;炮炮 chewing gum: 口香糖口香糖38. chewing gum 39. disappointed: 失望的失望的;沮丧的沮丧的 disappoint (sb): v. 使失望使失望/沮沮丧丧 dspnt disappointing: 使人失望的使人失望的/沮丧的沮丧的 disappointment: n. 失望失望;沮丧沮丧 be disappointed at/by: 对对失望失
27、望 be disappointed in/with sb/sth: 对对失望失望 to ones disappointment : 使某人失望的是使某人失望的是1)Your absence will disappoint your fans.2)Your absence is disappointing.3)We are disappointed at/by/in the governments decision.4)She is disappointed in/with her husband.5)To our great disappointment, our team didnt win
28、 the gold medal.40. weaken wi:kn : v. 动摇动摇;减弱减弱;变变弱弱 weak wi:k : 弱的弱的;虚弱虚弱的的 weakly wi:kli:软弱软弱地地;无无力力地地 weakness: n. 软弱软弱;懦弱懦弱;缺缺点点 week wi:k : 星期星期; 周周1)The Chinese basketball team has been weakened by injury.2)You must kill your enemy. Dont weaken.41. ashamed emd : 惭愧的惭愧的;羞耻羞耻的的 shame em : n. 惭愧惭
29、愧; 羞愧羞愧; 羞羞耻耻 be ashamed of: 对对感到感到惭愧惭愧/羞耻羞耻 It is a shame that: 是惭愧是惭愧/羞耻羞耻 It is a shame to do: 做做是是惭愧惭愧/羞耻羞耻1)You should be ashamed of your behavior on the stage.2)She was ashamed of her son who served the Japanese. 3)He is ashamed that he cant work out the problem. 42. comprehension: n. 理解理解;理解力
30、理解力 kmprhenn I will check your comprehension.43. in spite of: 不顾不顾;不管不管;尽管尽管 (in) despite of despite regardless of1)We will go skiing in spite of so much homework.2)In spite of the bad weather, I arrived at the airport on time.44. take/run a risk/risks: 冒险冒险 take/run the risk of doing: 冒险做什么冒险做什么1)I
31、 have to take a risk in my job. 2)You have no right to take risks with the other passengers lives.45. get into: 陷入陷入;染上染上(坏坏习惯习惯)1)You will get into trouble if you dont follow my advice.2)You will get me into trouble if you dont follow my advice. 3)Dont let the children get into drugs/ bad habits. 4
32、6. etc: adv. 等等等等;诸如此类的事物诸如此类的事物 = and so on:等等等等;诸如此类的事物诸如此类的事物1)We talked about housing, pay, etc.2)The restaurant serves fish, pork, beef, and so on.47. appendix(appendixes/appendices): n. pendks 目录目录;附件附件 All details are given in Appendix 9. 48. illegal li:gl : 不合法的不合法的;违法违法的的 1)Your act is ille
33、gal. 2)It is illegal to drive through a red light.49. pilltabletpilltablet50. robbery rbri : n. 抢劫抢劫;盗盗劫劫 rob rb : v. 抢劫抢劫;盗劫盗劫 robber rb：抢劫犯：抢劫犯; 强盗强盗rob sb/somewhere: 抢人抢人/地方地方rob sb of sth: 抢某人的什么抢某人的什么steal sth from: 从从偷偷 commit a crime: 犯罪犯罪1)The man has committed eight robberies in the last tw
34、o years.2)If you rob a bank, you will surely be caught sooner or later. 3)He robbed the woman of her necklace.51. slippery slpri : 滑滑的的 slip slp : v. 滑滑 (slipped) slideslad(slid): 滑滑落落; 打滑打滑 In some places the paths are wet and slippery. 52. HIV: 人体免疫缺损病毒人体免疫缺损病毒(艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒) One day scientists will
35、find a cure for HIV.53. AIDS/Aids: 艾滋病艾滋病(后天免疫缺损综合症后天免疫缺损综合症)艾滋病是一种危害性极大的传染艾滋病是一种危害性极大的传染病病,由由感染艾滋病感染艾滋病病毒引起病毒引起。HIV是一种能攻击人体免疫系统的病毒。是一种能攻击人体免疫系统的病毒。它把人体免疫系统中最重要的它把人体免疫系统中最重要的T淋巴细胞作为主要淋巴细胞作为主要攻击目攻击目标标,大大量破坏该细量破坏该细胞胞,使使人体丧失免疫功能。人体丧失免疫功能。因因此此,人人体易于感染各种疾体易于感染各种疾病病, 并并可发生恶性肿可发生恶性肿瘤瘤,病病死率较高。死率较高。HIV在人体内的潜
36、伏期平均为在人体内的潜伏期平均为89年，年，患艾滋病以患艾滋病以前前,可可以没有任何症状地生活和工作以没有任何症状地生活和工作多多年。年。目目前前,艾艾滋病已成为严重威胁世界人民健康的滋病已成为严重威胁世界人民健康的公共卫生问题。公共卫生问题。1983年年,人人类首次发现类首次发现HIV。目前，。目前，艾滋病已经从一种致死性疾病变为一种可控的慢艾滋病已经从一种致死性疾病变为一种可控的慢性性病。它病。它的传播方式有的传播方式有3种种:性性接触传播接触传播,血液传血液传播播,母母婴传播婴传播。根据联合国艾滋病规划署和世界卫生组织统根据联合国艾滋病规划署和世界卫生组织统计计,自自1981年首度证实以
37、年首度证实以来来,截截至目至目前前,艾艾滋病滋病毒已经夺去全球超过毒已经夺去全球超过3400万人的生命。万人的生命。使使它它成为史上最具破坏力的流行病之成为史上最具破坏力的流行病之一一,目前目前全球全球艾滋病毒感染者大约为艾滋病毒感染者大约为3690万万。2014年，全年，全球大约球大约120万人死于艾滋病毒相关疾病。世万人死于艾滋病毒相关疾病。世卫组织指卫组织指出出,目目前艾滋病仍然无法治愈。但试前艾滋病仍然无法治愈。但试验证验证明明,艾艾滋病毒感染者在感染后立即使用抗滋病毒感染者在感染后立即使用抗逆药物将更有可能使他们保持健逆药物将更有可能使他们保持健康康,并并减少将减少将病毒传播给他人的
38、机会。截至病毒传播给他人的机会。截至2015年中年中期期,全全球球1580万艾滋病毒感染者接受了抗逆转录病万艾滋病毒感染者接受了抗逆转录病毒疗法。毒疗法。A man with AIDSA man with AIDS54. at risk: 处于危险处于危险;遭受遭受危险危险 in danger:处于处于危险危险 in trouble: 处于困境处于困境; 倒霉倒霉 in need:处于处于困境困境 in need of.:需需要要 1)The war will put many people at risk.2)The disease is spreading, and all childre
39、n under 5 are at risk. 55. SARS: 非典型性肺炎非典型性肺炎(非典非典) (严重急性呼吸道综合症严重急性呼吸道综合症) There are many different viruses, for example, the flu viruses or the SARS viruses.56. immune mju:n : 有免疫力的有免疫力的 Some animals are immune to the HIV viruses. 57. survival svavl : n. 幸存幸存;生生存存 survive svav : v. 幸存幸存 survivorsva
40、v: n.生还者生还者; 幸存者幸存者 survive the earthquake: 从从地震中幸存下来地震中幸存下来1)If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very small. 2)Her mother survived the plane crash.58. sex seks : n. 性性;性性别别1)This is a school for both sexes.2)They will not show the film full of sex and violence. 59. fluid flu:d : n. 流体
41、流体;液体液体 liquid lkwd : 液体液体 gas gs : 气体气体;汽油汽油; 瓦斯瓦斯; 毒气毒气 solid sld : 固体固体1)In summer we should drink more fluid.2)HIV is spread through blood or the fluid that the body makes during sex. 60. inject ndekt : v. 注注射射 injection ndekn : n. 注射注射;注射注射剂剂 inject sth into sb/sth: 给给注射注射 injectwith infect: v.
42、 传染传染;感染感染 infection: n.传染传染;感感染染 infectious:传染的传染的; 易易传染传染的的 If you inject drugs, dont share your needle with anyone else. 61. needle ni:dlneedleneedle62. spill(spilt): v. 溢出溢出;洒落洒落;使溢出使溢出/洒落洒落 spit(spit - spit ; spat spat): 吐痰吐痰1)Thousands of tons of oil were spilt into the ocean.2)Water will spil
43、l out of the bowl onto the floor.63. male mel : n. 男人男人;雄性动物雄性动物/植植物物 adj. 男性的男性的;雄性的雄性的1)That is a male nurse/dog/flower.2)Males are generally taller than females. 64. female: n. 女人女人;雌性动物雌性动物/植物植物 adj. 女性的女性的;雌性雌性的的 fi:melThat is a female nurse/dog/flower.65. condom kndm : 避孕避孕套套 If you have sex w
44、ith a male or female, use a condom.66. homosexual/gay: n. 同性恋同性恋;同志同志 adj. 同性恋同性恋的的 hmsekul1) So homosexual men attack men?2)The soldier/minister is a homosexual. 67. prejudice: n. 偏见偏见;成成见见 preduds 1)People with HIV sometimes lose their friends because of prejudice. 2)The president has a prejudice
45、against black people.68. judgement/judgment: n. 看法看法;判决判决;判断判断 judge dd : n. 法官法官;裁判裁判 v. 判决判决;判断判断 1)You have to make a judgment on the matter.2)Judgment should be based on facts.69. disco dsk : n. 迪斯科舞会迪斯科舞会/舞舞厅厅 Do you like disco music?70. abortion: 流产流产;堕胎堕胎;中途失中途失败败 b:n 1)Many western countries
46、 oppose(反对反对) abortion.2)The woman had an abortion last month.3)His plan proved (to be)an abortion.71. cigar: 雪茄烟雪茄烟 sg:The woman is smoking a cigar. 72. embarrassed: 尴尬的尴尬的;陷入困境的陷入困境的 mbrst embarrass: v. 使尴尬使尴尬; 使陷入困境使陷入困境 mbrs embarrassing: 使人尴尬的使人尴尬的 mbrs embrace/hug mbres : v./n. 拥抱拥抱1)She is em
47、barrassed about her obesity.2)He felt embarrassed to ask his teachers so many questions. 73. awkward: 笨拙的笨拙的;局促不安的局促不安的 :kwd awesome sm: 令人惊叹的令人惊叹的; 很困难的很困难的; 很好的很好的 awful fl：极坏的：极坏的; 可怕的可怕的; 非常的非常的; 很多的很多的; 过多的过多的 1)There was an awkward silence. 2)He is an awkward child. He is awkward with his tools. Thats Thats all.all. Thanks a lot!Thanks a lot!
