- Unit 1 Looking forwards Using language ppt课件 -(2019)新外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册.pptx--点击预览
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Using language 一.一般体(一) 一般现在时 1 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态, 常与频度副词及表示现在的时间状语连用。 always, often, usually, sometimes, hardly, frequently, on Sundays, seldom , yearly 2 表示主语目前的性质、特征、状态或能力等。 He is a man of few words.Tenses 时态3 表示客观事实、普遍真理及自然现象, 或用在格言中。 It snows often in northern China .4 表示按规定、计划、安排、时间表等马上要发生的事情, 常与具体的时间状语连用。 该用法常用于火车时刻表、飞机航班时刻表,以及电影开演、作息、安排等时刻表上, 且仅限于少数表示短暂意义的动词, 如: come, go ,arrive, leave, begin, start, take off, finish, stop The flight to Hong Kong takes off at 10 tomorrow.(二) 一般过去时 1 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态,其中包括过去的习惯性动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 如: yesterday, in 2020, the other day, days/years ago, once upon a time, the day before yesterday, last week/month/year Once upon a time , there was an old man living in the old house. 2 描述过去时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。 He opened his eyes, put on his clothes quickly and jumped down from the bed. 3 有些动作发生的时间没有具体表明,但实际上是“刚刚,刚才”发生,应使用一般过去时。 I didnt know you were here.(三) 一般将来时1 will/shall +动词原型1)表示将要发生的动作或将来存在的状态, shall 一般用于第一人称, will可用于各种人称, 常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 tomorrow, in the future, later on , before long, next week/month/year, the day after tomorrow.2) Will 还可表示说话时临时作出的决定。-Dr Jackson is not in his office at the moment.-All right. I will call him later.2 be going to + 动词原形表示按计划、打算将要做某事件;还可以表示“预见”,即根据某种迹象预示着要发生某事。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.3 be about to do +动词原形/be on the point of doing 这两种结构不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用,但可以和并列连词when引出的分句连用。 The train is about to start.4 be to do They are to meet at the gate of the school.(表按计划)You are to report it to the police.( 按职责,规定,命令等应该做某事)Your plan is to be a failure.(表示注定要发生的事情) (四)过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 should/would +do was/were (going /about) to do He said he would be here at nine oclock.二. 进行体(一) 现在进行时1 表示现在(说话人说话时)正在发生或进行的动作、状态、或现阶段一直进行着的动作,常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。 am/is/are doing now, right now, at present, these days, at this moment2 一些非延续性动词可用现在进行时表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作,常见的这类动词有: come, go, leave, arrive, start, begin, return, move, take(二) 过去进行时1 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作,或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。 Was/were doing常用的时间状语有:at this/that time (yesterday/the day before yesterday) ,at oclock , fromto , those days, just now 现在进行时及过去进行时常与always, constantly, continually, all the time等连用,表示反复出现的或习惯性动作,或强调赞赏,生气,厌恶,好奇等感情色彩,不强调动作正在进行。He is always helping others.She is forgetting something all the time.2 表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行,常与when, while引导的时间状语从句连用。My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle yesterday .3 一些非延续性动词可用在过去进行时表示过去按计划,安排将要发生的动作,多用于从句中。常见的该类动词有: go ,come, leave, start, arrive, return, work, moveHe said he was starting the next day.(三) 将来进行时表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作,常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。 其构成是 : will be doing at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow by then, from 1:30 to 4:30 tomorrowRobert will be cooking dinner at this time tomorrow.(四)现在完成进行时 have/has been doing1 表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去,常和for, since引导的时间状语连用。Tom looks tired because he has been cleaning the house since 9 am.2 表示重复性动作。You have been saying you can succeed for five years.3 表示某种感情色彩。Too much has been happening today.三.完成体(一) 现在完成时1 表示过去发生且已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 have/has done 常用的时间状语: already, just, yet, beforeI have already seen the film.2 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在,也许还将持续下去的动作或状态。常用的时间状语: lately, recently, in the last/past few days/years, since then, up to now, so farIn the past few years, many new railways have been laid down.3 在“最高级+名词”或“It /That is /will be the first (second)time”之后的定语从句中,谓语动词用现在完成时。This is the first time (that) I have come here.4 瞬间动词又叫非延续性动词。瞬间动词可以用于完成时态, 但不可以接表示一段时间的状语;若要接表示一段时间的状语,需要一些转换。He has come to Beijing since last year. He has lived in Beijing since last year. buyhave borrow-keep get married- be married get to know-know leave-away come back-be back fall ill-be ill die-be dead turn off-be off begin-be go to bed-sleep join -be a member of (二)过去完成时1过去完成时,表示过去的过去。 had+doneHe said that he had been abroad for 3 years.2 表示过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去的另一时间,还可能持续下去,常用的时间状语有:by/until/before/by the end of +过去的某一时间”.By then he had learned English for 3 years.3 表示愿望,打算的词。如:hope, expect, mean, intend want, suppose等,其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.4 用于某些固定句型中:(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Rarelywhen, No soonerthan, when 和than 从句里用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,且用倒装,表示“刚刚就”.Hardly/No sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.(2) It was /had been +一段时间+since从句。 Since 从句的为证用过去完成时。It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.(3) That/ It /This was the first/secondtime+ that从句。That从句的谓语要用过去完成时。It was the third time (that) he had left the key at home.(三)将来完成时将来完成时表示到将来某一时间, 某一动作将会完成。 will have done. 常用的时间状语为“ by+将来的某个时间”By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students.1 Chinas high-speed railways _(grow) from 9000 to 25000 km in the past few years.2 -Hi, I am Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around. - Hello, Peter. I am Bob. I just _(start) on Monday.3 I _(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.4 People _(have) better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result. have grown started was driving have practice5 Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.6 Dashan, who _(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.7 As you go through this book, you _(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.8 They made up their minds that they _(buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. had become has been learning will find would buy I woke at dawn again and already the birds 1 _ (sing). In the coming days, we 2 _ (pain) the toilet block that we had been building over the last two months. were singingComplete the blog with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. would be painting I 3_ (live) in this Cambodian village for two months. Despite the hard physical work, I 4 _ (not regret) for one moment choosing to spend my gap year as a volunteer for the Cambodia Foundation. It is wonderful to meet such friendly local people who are happy to share their lives with us. have been living dont regret I 5 _ (feel) happy and free of worries. And, of course, I 6 _ (become) fitter. This gap year has been a fantastic opportunity for my personal growth, and I surely 7 _ (continue) to learn about how other people live their lives after it ends. feel am becoming will continueWork in pairs. Read the profile and talk about Davids lifeUsing different tenses where appropriate.PERSONAL INFORATIONDate of Birth 20 June 2001Nationality BritishEDUCATION2007-2013 Carson Primary School2013-2019 Wildwood High SchoolEXTRACURRICULAR EXPERIENCESept 2017 first prize for school science projectApr-Oct 2018 exchange programme in ChinaJul 2019-present gap year in CambodiaFUTURE PLANS undergraduate study at Newcastle University chemical engineer after graduation voluntary work to help people in needDavid MasonRead the conversation and answer the questions. Pay attention to the expressions in bold.1 What difficult decision is Li Ling facing? Why is she feeling worried?2 What does Jenny suggest to her?1 She has to make a choice between studying physics at her dream university, as she has been admitted without taking any exam, and taking the college entrance exam and applying to the Medical School. She cant make up her mind what the right thing to do is.2 Jenny at first suggested to Li Ling that she should go for her preferred major. Then she suggested that she could put off making a decision until she has spoken to her high school advisor. Since Li Ling still could not make a decision, Jenny suggested that they go for lunch and then weigh up the options.Read the statements and complete the sentences with correct form of expressions in Activity 5.1 May is _. 2 Jane is _.3 Paul finds it easy _.4 Bill is _.5 Amanda wants to _.6 Jia Ying has decided to _. having second thoughts putting off making a decision to make up his mind rejecting something out of hand weigh up the options pass up the opportunityRead the passage and answer the questions 1 Students can achieve new accomplishments, learn about society and become more independent via part-time jobs. / Students can develop into mature and responsible members of society via part-time jobs. 2 In the UK, the law states that students aged 15 and 16 are allowed to work a maximum of 12 hours per week during term time, and 35 hours per week during school holidays. They are not allowed to work before 7 am or after 7 pm.1 What can students achieve via part-time jobs?2. What regulations are in place for students doing part-time jobs in the UK? Listen to the interview and choose the job Richard applied for.Listen again and complete the notes.Why did Richard apply for this job?Because he has always been interested in 1_.What did Richard do in his previous holiday? He worked in a youth hostel in Vietnam, 2 _ 3 He worked _ in Bali. He 4 _ in Thailand.dealing with peopleguiding visitors to local sitesas a lifeguard on the beachworked selling food at a street stallWhy does Richard believe he is suitable for the job? Because he is a 5_ and outgoing person, and feels happy when 6_. Why did Richard do part-time job? His 7_ have made him a flexible individual. Because he 9 _ his holiday times. Because the experiences would 10 _. 8 _ is relevant.friendlyhe is working hard to satisfy peopletravel experiencesHis previous work experiencedesires to make the best use ofprepare him for his future college applicationComplete the boxes with the expressions from the interview. Would you mind ? May I ask why ? The reason is Its because Could you tell me? Id say its due to , if you wouldnt Would you explain? mind? Its a result ofAsking polite questions Giving reasons Asking polite questions Giving reasonsWould you mind ?May I ask why?Could you tell me?Would you explain?if you wouldnt mind.The reason isIts becauseId say its due toIts a result ofThank you!
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