1、现在完成时的被动语态【语法感知】观察下列课文原句1. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 2. People s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks. 3. Many people have been helped by the club. 4. Jan s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. 【归纳填空】答案: have/has(not) been
2、done; have/has(not) been done; 已经完成的被动动作一、现在完成时被动语态的构成一、现在完成时被动语态的构成肯定式主语+have/has been done . .+have/has been done . . . 否定式主语+have/has not been done . . . +have/has not been done . . . 一般疑问式Have/Has+Have/Has+主语+been done . . . ? +been done . . . ? 特殊疑问式疑问词+have/has+have/has+主语+been done . . . ? +b
3、een done . . . ? At just this moment, the festive lanterns have been lit, and family members gather for reunion. 此时此刻, 华灯初上, 万家团圆。*Have all of the stadiums for the 2024 Paris Olympic Games been finished? 2024年巴黎奥运会的所有场馆竣工了吗? *Why has he been praised by his teacher? 为什么他被老师表扬了? 二、现在完成时被动语态的用法1. 现在完成时
4、的被动语态, 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。*The song Baby Shark has already been played 7. 04 billion times on YouTube. 宝贝鲨鱼这首歌曲已经在YouTube上被播放了70. 4亿次。2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去, 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用, 或用于“How long . . . ? ”句型中。*Although paid leave has been inclu
5、ded in the country s labor law for more than 20 years, few workers could enjoy it. 尽管带薪休假被纳入国家劳动法已有20多年, 但是落实率并不高。3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作, 即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。*You shouldn t go out before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该出去。 【知识延伸】现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示的是一个被动的动
6、作发生在过去某个时候, 它的结果对现在没有影响; 而现在完成时的被动语态, 动作或状态尽管发生在过去, 但强调这个动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。*The house was builtwas built last year. 这个房子是去年建造的。*The house has been built.has been built. We can move in. 这个房子已经建好了。我们可以搬进去。【即学活用】单句语法填空1.Millions of lives _(destroy)by the slow drying up of the sea. 2. I m also good at wr
7、iting in English and two articles of mine _ _(publish) in 21st Century so far. 3. They ll come rushing in, saying their handbag _ _(steal). have been destroyedhave beenhave beenpublishedpublishedhas beenstolenstolen三、几点注意事项1. 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时, 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。*As for the epidemic, our government
8、has taken a great many measures to contain it. As for the epidemic, a great many measures have been taken by our government to contain it. 对于这场疫情, 政府已经采取了很多措施来控制。2. 带有双宾语的动词, 如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, buy, lend, promise等, 变为被动语态时, 一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语, 若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时, 间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
9、*Their teacher has given them many chances to practice what they have learned in class. Many chances have been given to them to practice what they have learned in class(by their teacher). They have been given many chances to practice what they have learned in class(by their teacher). 他们的老师给了他们很多机会练习
10、上课所学(的内容)。3. 非延续性动词如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思, 则要改换动词或时态。*The work was finishedwas finished two weeks ago. 这项工作在两周前已经完成。【即学活用】单句语法填空(1)Paper money _(use) for over a thousand years. (2)Seven Harry Potter books _(write)by J. K. Rowling s
11、o far. (3)Many trees _(plant)along the road recently. (4)In recent years many football clubs _(run) as business to make a profit. has been usedhave been writtenhave been plantedhave been runhave been run. 单句语法填空1. We are glad to be told that Li Tao _(admit) to Fudan University. 2. All the preparatio
12、ns for the task _(complete), and we re ready to start. 3. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _(decide)yet. 4. This book _(translate) into many languages. 5. The dictionary is out of date: many words _(add) to the language since it was published. has been admittedhave been completedhas no
13、t been decided has been translatedhave been added6. By now 516 Confucius Institutes _(found) in 142 countries and regions. 7. As _(plan), we will gather and set off/out at the school gate at 8: 00, December 10. 8. Recently, for various reasons, our living environment _(pollute) worse and worse. 9. T
14、here are many good qualities that _(pass) on from generation to generation in my family. 10. Measures _(take) to cope with these problems by the government up to now. have been foundedhave been foundedhas been plannedhas been pollutedhave been passedhave been taken. 句型转换1. My friend has bought a new
15、 smartphone made in China. _by my friend. 2. Since you have finished your work, you can have a rest now. Since your work _, you can have a rest now. 3. An unknown virus has just attacked my computer. _by an unknown virus. 4. To their joy, they have solved the difficult problem all by themselves. To
16、their joy, the difficult problem _all by them. 5. They have translated the book into more than twenty languages. _into more than twenty languages. A new smartphone made in China has been boughthas been finishedMy computer has just been attackedhas been solvedThe book has been translated6. We have no
17、t found a way to deal with the situation yet. _to deal with the situation yet. 7. The boss has appointed Tom manager of the engineering department to take the place of George. _of the engineering department by the boss to take the place of George. 8. The team has developed a kind of intelligent robo
18、t. _by the team. A way has not been foundTom has been appointed managerA kind of intelligent robot has been developed【语法主题应用】根据下面的提示完成小短文。1. 在过去的几十年里, 互联网得到了很大的改善。2. 迄今为止, 很多新软件被开发出来并被应用于互联网。3. 很多功能也被添加到互联网中, 这让人们的生活更方便。4. 很多搜索引擎也已经被开发出来, 人们可以从大数据库中查找最新的信息。5. 互联网极大地改变了人们的生活。_【参考范文】The Internet has b
19、een greatly improved in the past decades of years. So far, a lot of new software has been developed and applied to the Internet. Many functions have been added to the Internet, which has made people s lives more convenient. Many search engines have been developed. People can look up the most updated
20、 information from large databases. People s lives have been greatly changed by the Internet. Task3 语篇总结归纳: 主题深化Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly developed a serious illness. She found herself out of work and 1. _ (stick) at home. After a while, she discovered that 2._ (sur
21、f) the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could do everything online. She also joined 3. _ online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice 4. to_ others. She realised that one of the greatest 5. _ (benefit) of the Internet was its ability to remov
22、e the distance 6._ usually exists between people. 7. _ (inspire) by the people online, she started an IT club and taught somestuck surfinganbenefits that/whichInspiredolder people how to use Internet. She and her friends organise events and collect money 8. _(pay) for private teachers. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society 9. _(good). Jan s life has been 10. _ (great) improved by the Internet! to paybettergreatly
