1、UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSReading and ThinkingEnglandWalesScotlandNorthern IrelandIn this class, you will 1. read a text about the history of the UK and sort out the detailed information;2. introduce the history of the UK according to the timeline. 3. read the text and learn the usage of key phra
2、ses;4. sort out the advantages of studying the history of a country;5. discuss the importance of studying the history and culture of a country. Learning objectiveseconomyeconomycultureculturecustomscustomspeoplepeoplegeographgeography yhistoryhistoryHowHow do you learn about a country? do you learn
3、about a country?countrycountryEnglishWhat comes to your mind when we speak of the UK?River ThamesBig Ben London eye River ThamesLondon Tower Bridge Oxford University Prediction 1. What message can you get from the title?2. What might the text be mainly about?WHATS IN A NAME? Learn about a country th
4、rough its historyLearn about a country through its historyBefore readingBefore reading How many parts make up the UK? What are they? Four parts. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Read the text aloud. What is the text mainly about? The text is mainly about the history of the names of the
5、 UK.Read the text and answer the questions.Read the text and answer the questions.Fast readingFast readingWHATS IN A NAME?The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，Englandmany people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them，if any? Getting to know a litt
6、le bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.In the 16th century，the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later，in the 18th century，the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century，the Kingdom of Ireland was added to
7、 create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom”
8、 or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”，which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and milit
9、ary defence. However，they also have some differences. For example，England， Wales，Scotland，and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions，like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for
10、 competitions like the World Cup! The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore， which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK，you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at
11、different times throughout history. The first group，the Romans， came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next，the AngloSaxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way people built ho
12、uses. The Vikings came in the eighth century，left behind lots of new vocabulary，and also the names of many locations across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England，and made
13、changes to the legal system. The Normans were French，so many French words slowly entered into the English language. There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capita
14、l city London is a great place to start，as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore， and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture，with
15、 both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open，you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. Activity 1 What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?Which two were Activity 1 What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?Which two were the first to
16、be joined together?the first to be joined together? Activity 2 The two chief advantages of studying the history of a country Activity 2 The two chief advantages of studying the history of a country are to help you understand more about the country and its traditions and to are to help you understand
17、 more about the country and its traditions and to make visiting it more enjoyable.make visiting it more enjoyable.The four countries of the United Kingdom are England，Wales，Scotland，and Northern Ireland.England and Wales were the first two to be joined together.According to the text，what are two chi
18、ef advantages of studying the history of a country?Read and find out How is the text organized?The text is organized according to the timeline.Read and find out Read again and sort out the information according to the timeline. When?What happened?What changed?Careful readingCareful readingActivity 1
19、 Read again and sort out the information according to the timeline.Activity 1 Read again and sort out the information according to the timeline.Careful readingCareful readingWhen? When? What What happenedhappened? ? What changed? What changed? Romans arrived _ Anglo-Saxons came _ Vikings came _11th
20、century _ _16th century _ _18th century _ _19th century _ _20th century _ _ 1st century 5st century 8st century Normans conquered England after the Battle of HastingsWales was joined to Kingdom of EnglandScotland was joined to England and WalesIreland was addedthe southern part of Ireland broke away
21、towns and roadslanguage and the way houses were builtvocabulary and names of locations across the UKcastles built，legal system changed，and new words from French introduced.“Kingdom of Great Britain”formed/created“United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland”formed/createdname changed to“United Kingdo
22、m of Great Britain andNorthern IrelandActivity 2 Activity 2 Complete the conversation about the UK using the phrases Complete the conversation about the UK using the phrases in their correct formsin their correct forms. .as well as belong to add to join to break away keep your eyes open A A： I can n
23、ever remember what the UK means! Theres England，Britain， Great Britain! B B：Well，it helps if you remember that there are four countries that_ the UK. Thats why its called the United Kingdom. A A：Four countries? I must have been asleep in that part of our history class! So the first country was Engla
24、nd，and the others were that? B B：Yes，right. First England，then Wales，then Scotland. The last country was Ireland，but later the southern half didnt want to be the United Kingdom. A A：Oh，I remember now! The southern part from Northern Ireland，right? B B：Yes，you got it well remembered! But in history c
25、lass next time! as well asbelong toadded tojoined tobroke awaykeep your eyes open Activity 3Activity 3 Discuss the questions in groups.Discuss the questions in groups.1Why is it important to study the history and culture of a country before visiting it?2 What important things should visitors know ab
26、out before they come to China?Studying a countrys history and culture before visiting it is important because it will help you understand the place better and have a more enjoyable experience. You will be able to interact better with the people and their culture and have a richer experience.Visitors
27、 to China should know something about the history of the country and about the cultural traditions of the area being visited，such as the food eaten，or festivals celebrated there. 阅读理解阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案）1. How many countries does the UK consist of?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.2. Which invaders
28、influenced Londons language most?A. Anglo-Saxons. B. Romans.C. The Normans. D. Vikings.3. From the passage，we know that .A. all the four countries share the same education systemsB. the Romans came to England before the Anglo-SaxonsC. it was easy for Northern Ireland to join England，Scotland and Wal
29、esD. in the 19th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK4. What should you do if you want to make your trip to the UK more enjoyable?A. Know the location.B. Find a company.C. Find a good guide.D. Study the history of the country ahead of time.课文预习自测课文预习自测课文思维导图梳理与提示课文思维导图梳理与提示 语法
30、填空 （根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文） Studying British history can help you understand 1the United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，England mean. In the 16th century，Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. In the 18th century，Scotland was joined 2（create）the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century，the Kingdom
31、 of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. However，the southern part of Ireland 3（break）away from the UK，which resulted 4the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Although the four countries work together in some areas，
32、they still have some differences. The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore，5can help you understand much more about the country and 6（it）traditions. No matter where you go in the UK，you will 7 （surround）by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different
33、 times throughout history. 8 （study）the history of the country will make your visit much more 9 （enjoy）. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture，with both new and old 10 (tradition）. whatto createbrokeinwhichitsStudyingbe surroundedenjoyable traditionsLanguage points核心词汇1 puzzle 1
34、puzzle n. & vt.（1）n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问搭配：in a puzzle 不知如何是好，感到困惑（2）vt. 迷惑；使困惑puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的，困惑的puzzlement n. 迷惑，困惑join.to. join.to. 把和连接或联结起来connect.to/with/and. connect.to/with/and. 把与连接起来（具体含义）join in join in 参加；加入3 break away3 break away（from sb. /sth.from sb. /sth.） 脱离；背叛；逃脱break
35、 away break away 中的 away away 是副词，如果后接宾语则要再加介词 from from，构成短语 break away frombreak away from（从中脱离）。【归纳拓展】break off break off 中断；折断 break out break out 突然发生，爆发break through break through 突破 break up break up 破碎；分解；解散；（关系）破裂break downbreak down（机器等）出故障；垮掉；分散；失败break in break in 破门而入；打断，插嘴break into br
36、eak into 破门而入；突然起来result in result in 导致，造成多种“导致”：result inresult in，lead tolead to，bring aboutbring about，contribute tocontribute to，causecause【归纳拓展】result in result in 导致，造成result from result from 起因于as a result as a result 因此，结果as a result of as a result of 由于refer to.as. refer to.as. 把称为“把看作 / /
37、 称为”的表达方式还有：treat.as. treat.as. think of.as. think of.as. regard.as.regard.as.look on.as. look on.as. view.as. view.as. consider.asconsider.as（1 1）refer to refer to 提到，谈到；涉及，关于；参考，查阅（2 2）refer.to. refer.to. 把提交；把归功于；把称作reference n. reference n. 参考；查阅；参考书目；推荐信 6 belong to vt. 6 belong to vt. 使受伤；损害（1
38、 1）属于（某人）（2 2）是（俱乐部、组织等）的成员（3 3）是（某族类或纲目）的一部分，属于易错分析：（1 1） belong to belong to 既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。这辆自行车是我的。This bike belongs to me. This bike belongs to me. （）This bike is belonged to me. This bike is belonged to me. （）This bike is belonging to me. This bike is belonging to me. （）（2 2） to to 是介词，后面
39、可跟名词或代词作宾语。（3 3）可用 belong to belong to 的现在分词形式作后置定语。belongings n.belongings n.（pl.pl.）所有物；财产，财物（表达此意时必须用复数）7 as well as 7 as well as （1 1）意为“同（一样也），和，还，不但而且”，连接并列成分。（2 2）意为“除之外”，相当于 in addition to in addition to。后常接名词或动名词，尤其是当其位于句首时。主谓一致拓展：（1 1）A as well as B A as well as B 强调 A A，作主语时谓语动词的数与 A A 保持
40、一致。有类似用法的还有 along with along with，together withtogether with，rather thanrather than，with with 等。Tom together with other graduates is not suitable to do the job.Tom together with other graduates is not suitable to do the job.（2 2）not only A but also B not only A but also B 强调 B B，作主语时谓语动词的数与 B B 保持一致
41、。I as well as Mary have adapted to the new environment.I as well as Mary have adapted to the new environment.=Not only Mary but also I have adapted to the new environment.=Not only Mary but also I have adapted to the new environment.不仅玛丽，我也适应了新环境。8 defence n. 8 defence n. 防御；保卫【误区警示】defence defence
42、后接“入侵者”或“造成危害者”时，介词用 against against；若接“被保护者”，则介词用 of of。【词语积累】defend.from/against. defend.from/against. 保护免受 defend oneself defend oneself against. against. 为自己辩护9 legal adj. 9 legal adj. 法律的；合法的illegal adj. illegal adj. 非法的，违法的10 surround vt. 10 surround vt. 围绕；包围【词语积累】surround vt. surrounding adj
43、. surround vt. surrounding adj. 附近的 surroundings n. surroundings n. 环境（复数）11 evidence n. 11 evidence n. 证据，证明搭配：There is evidence that. There is evidence that. 有证据表明 evident adj. evident adj. 清楚的；显然的 It is evident that. It is evident that. 很明显12 achievement n. 12 achievement n. C C成就；成绩；功绩；U U达到，完成【
44、词语积累】achieve v. achieve v. 实现；取得，达到achieve ones goal/dream achieve ones goal/dream 达到目标 / / 实现梦想1212 include doing sth. include doing sth. 包含做某事including including 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语；included included 是形容词，意为“包括在内的”，作后置定语，即 including A = A including A = A includedincluded。Everyone has to make a prop
45、osal at the meeting including Everyone has to make a proposal at the meeting including you.you.= Everyone has to make a proposal at the meeting= Everyone has to make a proposal at the meeting，you you included.included.每个人都必须在会上提出一个建议，包括你在内。 14 location n. 14 location n. 地方；地点；位置the location of the f
46、actory the location of the factory 工厂的位置【词语积累】（1 1）locate vt. locate vt. 坐落于；位于；找出的位置（2 2）located adj. located adj. 处于；位于；坐落在15 battle n. & v.15 battle n. & v.（1 1）n. n. 战役；搏斗a long battle a long battle 旷日持久的斗争 accept the battle accept the battle 应战（2 2）vi. & vt. vi. & vt. 搏斗；奋斗16 keep your eyes ope
47、n16 keep your eyes open（forfor） 留心；留意keep up keep up 保持；继续keep up with keep up with 跟上；保持同步；和保持联系keep awaykeep away（fromfrom）避免接近（）keep sb. from doing. keep sb. from doing. 阻止某人做keep on keep on 继续keep fit keep fit 保持健康keep in touch with keep in touch with 与保持联系keep ones promise keep ones promise 履行诺
48、言【句式分析】该句中 if any if any 是省略句，其完整形式为 if there is any if there is any differencedifference。1 if any 1 if any 如果有的话【归纳拓展】if so if so 如果是这样的话if not if not 如果不是这样；不然，否则if necessary if necessary 如果有必要if possible if possible 如果可能的话if ever if ever 如果曾经有的话重点句式【句式分析】there is so much more to learn. there is s
49、o much more to learn. 是 there be. there be. 结构。2 There be + 2 There be + 主语 + + 非谓语动词. . There are many cases lying in the corner of the room. There are many cases lying in the corner of the room.房间的角落里有许多箱子。【归纳拓展】There are a lot of things to solve. There are a lot of things to solve. 有很多事情需要解决。Summary Organize the key information according to the timeline. 1st century5th century8th century11th century16th century18th century19th century20th centuryTHE END
