1、UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSDiscovering Useful StructuresWhats the function of past participle (v-ed)? The vase is broken. Hearing the news, he showed a surprised look. Directed by Hanhan, the movie is really popular. Tom finally had the book finished.Predicative(表语)Adverb(状语)Attribute(定语)Object co
2、mplement(宾语补足语宾语补足语)Past Participle as the Attributive过去分词作定语过去分词作定语过去分词的含义 an honored doctor a broken vase an injured boy a divided country boiled water fallen leaves the risen sun a retired teacher表被动或完成表被动或完成只表完成，不表被动只表完成，不表被动单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之_。过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其修饰的名词之过去分词短语作定语时，
3、一般置于其修饰的名词之_ 一条一条被污染的被污染的河河 一个一个破了的破了的花瓶花瓶 一条一条被被塑料袋塑料袋污染的污染的河河 一个一个被被猫猫打碎的打碎的花瓶花瓶 A polluted river A broken vase A river polluted by plastic bags A vase broken by a cat前前后后Practice a crowded rooma room crowed with patientsreserved seatsseats reserved for the Smithsexcited childrenchildren excited a
4、t the newsan injured boya boy injured in the accidentwasted timetime wasted in the gamesa trapped doga dog trapped under the car=The player _ _ _ by many people is Yao Ming.The player _ is Yao Ming.这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫做姚明。这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫做姚明。wholovedis loved by many people过去过去分词短语作定语时，其作用相当于一个分词短语作定语时，其作用相当于一
5、个_。定语从句定语从句 在洪水中的受困群众在洪水中的受困群众 莫言写的书莫言写的书 Soldiers were making every effort to recue people who were trapped in the flood. Soldiers were making every effort to recue people trapped in the flood. I borrowed a novel which was written by Mo Yan from the library. I borrowed a novel written by Mo Yan fro
6、m the library.people trapped in the floodbooks written by mo yan1. _ (use, 许多用过的电脑许多用过的电脑) will be sold in this market.2. Those are _ (leave, 他留下的问题他留下的问题).3. There was _ (excite, 兴奋的表情兴奋的表情) on his face when the actress appeared. 4. This is _ (discuss, 会上讨论会上讨论的问题的问题) yesterday.5. _ (name, 叫叫Kate的女
7、孩的女孩) is my student.6. _(make, 中国制造的东西中国制造的东西) are cheap.7. I have collected the money _ (need). Many used computersthe problems left over by himan excited lookthe problem discussed at the meetingThe girl named KateThings made in Chinaneededneeded(所需的所需的), left(剩余的剩余的), given(所给的所给的), (有关的有关的) 作定语作定
8、语时需要时需要后置后置v-ing 和和 v-ed 作定语的区别作定语的区别the fallen leavesthe falling leavesthe boiled water正在正在沸腾的水沸腾的水烧开烧开过过的水的水the boiling water v-ed表示动作表示动作已经完成已经完成v-ing表示动作表示动作正在进行正在进行v-ing 和和 v-ed 作定语的区别作定语的区别 This is a letter _(write)in black ink. There are so many people _(show) interest in surfing the internet
9、.writtenshowingv-ed与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系，即与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系，即被动被动v-ing与被修饰词之间构成主谓关系，即与被修饰词之间构成主谓关系，即主动主动Past Participle as the Object complement过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语What is the object complement? 带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词某些及物动词（如（如make等）等）+直接宾语（名直接宾语（名词或代词）词或代词）+宾语补足语宾语补足语Everyone calls him(宾语宾语)(宾补宾补)(
10、主语主语)(谓语谓语)Tom.宾语补足语一般放在宾语宾语补足语一般放在宾语_, 对宾语起对宾语起_的作用。的作用。之后之后 补充说明补充说明 We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. He found his new bike stolen.过去分词作宾语补足语，表示过去分词作宾语补足语，表示_ 或或_ 的意义，的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。有时候两者兼而有之。被动被动完成完成 I was glad to see the child well _(take) care of. When he arrived, he found all the wor
11、k _(finish).1.v-ed用在表示感觉或心理状态的动词之后，如用在表示感觉或心理状态的动词之后，如see, hear, feel, watch, notice, think, find等后面作宾语补足语，表示等后面作宾语补足语，表示感受到某人或某物被感受到某人或某物被。五看：五看：二听：二听：一感觉：一感觉：finishedtaken Jack had his hair _ yesterday.(cut) I raised my voice to make myself _. (hear)2.v-ed用在表示用在表示使役的使役的动词之后，如：动词之后，如：get, let, make
12、, have, keep等。等。cutheard“have + 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”的几种含义的几种含义1)意为意为“主语请别人做某事主语请别人做某事”。 He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.2)意为意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。 Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt. 3)意为意为“使完成某事使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做，事情既可以是别人做 完，也可以由主语参完，也可以由主语参与完成。与完成。 He had the walls pai
13、nted this morning. The father wants his daughter _ (teach) dancing. He wants his writing _ (read) by every classmate.taughtread3.v-ed用在表示用在表示“希望希望”“”“愿望愿望”等意义的动词，如等意义的动词，如want, wish, like, expect等后面作宾语补足语，表示等后面作宾语补足语，表示“希望希望/要求要求某人或某事被做某人或某事被做” With the problem _(settle), he felt quite happy. With m
14、any flowers _ (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.settledplanted4.用于用于“with/without + 复合结构复合结构”中中with宾语宾语宾补宾补现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词不定式不定式形容词形容词副词副词介词短语介词短语1. The old man likes sleeping with the windows open.2. She left the room with all the lights on.3. The teacher came in
15、 with a book in hand.4. With the man _(lead) the way, we found the museum easily.5. With so many children _(laugh),I couldnt settle down to work.6. With his money _(use) up, he had to borrow.7. He kept silent with his eyes_(focus) on the wall.8. With a lot of work _(do), I cant go to see a doctor.le
16、adinglaughingusedfocusedto do 当他醒来时，他发现自己躺在医院里，被许多人围着。当他醒来时，他发现自己躺在医院里，被许多人围着。 (find+宾语宾语+v-ed) When he came to himself, 这个作者想尽办法让他新写的书出版。这个作者想尽办法让他新写的书出版。 (have+宾语宾语+v-ed) The writer made efforts to 他悄悄地走近房间，为了不让别人注意到他。他悄悄地走近房间，为了不让别人注意到他。 (make+宾语宾语+v-ed) He walked into the room quietly in order not to he found himself _ (lie) in hospital and _ (surround) by a lot of people.lyingsurroundedhave his newly written book_(publish)publishedmake himself _(notice)noticed
