1、 astronaut 刘洋刘洋 procedure: n.程序程序;步骤步骤;手续手续 the procedure for doing sth. 做做某事的程序某事的程序/步骤步骤/手续手续1)Do you know anything about the selection procedure for astronauts?2)The results show clearly that this procedure is correct.3)Whats the procedure for opening a bank account(账户账户)？Key words 教材原句教材原句Astron
2、auts not only had to learn how to use space equipment(U.设备设备)，but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training. mental adj. relating to the state or the health of a persons mind；adj. relating to the process of thinking；mental development mental health/illness/problems physical and mental hea
3、lth physical and mental conditions心理上的，精神上的心理上的，精神上的智力方面的智力方面的心理健康心理健康/疾病疾病/问题问题智力发展智力发展身心健康身心健康身心状况身心状况mentally adv. PPT模板下载： 行业PPT模板： 节日PPT模板： PPT素材下载： PPT图表下载： 优秀PPT下载： PPT教程： Word教程： Excel教程： 资料下载： PPT课件下载： 范文下载： 试卷下载： 教案下载： 字体下载： 单句写作单句写作1. It is said that taking exercise is good to _（智力发展）. 2.
4、 Long years of civil war in that African country affected peoples _（身心健康）. 3. The research has shown that listening to music or playing instruments can help heal _（身心状况）. mental development physical and mental healthphysical and mental conditions intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；智能的有智慧的；聪明的；智能的教材原句教材原句Firs
5、t of all，you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. a highly intelligent student intelligent software/systems 智能软件/系统词语积累词语积累intelligence n. 才智；智慧才智；智慧；智力；智力Artificial Intelligence (AI) 人工智能 a person of high/low/average intelligence 智力高/低/正常的人 of 抽象名词抽象名词=同根形容词同根形容词 be important
6、 = be of importance a student of _ _Be greatly important= be of great importancehigh intelligence 归纳 be intelligent to do 做是明智的 an intelligent question 机智的问题 intelligent beings 有智力的生物 intelligence n.智力；才智；智慧 intelligence quotient(IQ) 智商 high/low IQ高/低智商单句语法填空单句语法填空（1） He believes that all children a
7、re born with equal _（intelligent）. （2） When robots become extremely _（intelligence） one day, what will happen to our earth? （3） The first part of the robots name，the letters AI，are short for artificial _（intelligent）. （4） The boy is （如此聪明，以至于）he can solve the mathematical problem. （5） Susan is a wom
8、an （具有高智商的） who knows her own mind. intelligenceintelligentintelligenceso intelligent thatof high intelligence rocket gravity rvti: n.重力重力;引力引力1)After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earths gravity.2)The stone rolled down the mountain by gravity. 3)When there is
9、no gravity, our feet no longer stay on the ground. frontier vehiclevehicle vikl: n. 交通工具交通工具;车辆车辆car: 小车小车; 轿车轿车taxi: 出租车出租车jeep: 吉普车吉普车 bus: n. 公共汽车公共汽车truck: 卡车卡车 train: 火车火车plane: 飞机飞机 aircraft: 飞机飞机ship: 船船; 舰舰 boat: 小船小船; 船船helicopter: 直升机直升机spaceship/spacecraft: 宇宙飞船宇宙飞船bike/bicycle: 自行自行车车mot
10、orbike/motorcycle: 摩托车摩托车universe junvs : n. 宇宙宇宙;天地万物天地万物earth: n. 地球地球moon: n. 月球月球1)They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.2)Do you know how the universe began?教材原句教材原句However，some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream t
11、o explore space. determine vt. 查明；确定；决定查明；确定；决定【语块积累】【语块积累】 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 determine on（doing）sth. 决定（做）某事 be determined to do sth 决心做某事 be determined that. . . 决心做某事 determined adj. 有决心的有决心的, 意志坚定的意志坚定的 determination U. 决心 with determination 坚定地e. Helen was a strong girl and she finally
12、 achieved her dream with great_ determination单句语法填空单句语法填空（1） I have determined going to the countryside after graduating from college. （2） He is （determine）to take good care of his parents from now on. （3） The （determine）expression on her face suggested that she wouldnt change her mind. （4）Paul was
13、fond of Chinese culture，so he_（ 决定定居）in China. . on determined determined determined to settle satellite satellite launchlaunch: v./n 发射发射;发起发起;上市上市 send up: 发射发射 launch a satellite/rocket发射卫星发射卫星/火箭火箭 launch a project 启动项目启动项目 launch a campaign 发起运动发起运动 launch an attack 发起发起/进行攻击进行攻击1)The Russia wi
14、ll launch a communications satellite tomorrow morning.2)The new car will be launched next year.3)They launched a surprise air attack on the capital in the early hours of the morning.归纳总结归纳总结launch vt.发射发射; 发动发动，发起发起;推出推出(新产品等新产品等)，发行发行; 使使(新船等新船等)下水下水 n.发射发射; 发起发起; 发行发行launch into sth. 开始开始做某事；投入某做某
15、事；投入某事事launch sb./sth. into 使某人使某人/某物进入某物进入即学即练即学即练单句语法填空He launched an arrow _ the air. 单句写作 Mike开始就新项目的重要性慷慨陈词。Mike _ a speech about the importance of new projects.into launched intoorbit bt: n.势力范围势力范围 (环绕地球环绕地球/太阳等运行的太阳等运行的)轨轨道道 v.沿轨道运行沿轨道运行;环绕环绕运行运行1)On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite w
16、as lunched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.2)Mars and Earth have orbits which change with time.3)Now Canada is within the orbit of the United States of America. giant dant: adj. 巨大的巨大的;伟大的伟大的 n. 巨人巨人;巨兽巨兽;伟人伟人big: adj. 大的大的;巨大的巨大的; 年龄较大的年龄较大的; 重重大的大的; 严重的严重的huge: adj. 巨大的巨大的;庞大的庞大的
17、large: adj. 大的大的; 大量的大量的; 大规模的大规模的great: adj. 伟大的伟大的: 巨大的巨大的; 大的大的leap: n. 跳跃跳跃;剧增剧增;剧变剧变 v. 跳过跳过;跃过跃过 (leapt-leapt lept; leaped-leaped) jump: v.跳跳; 跳跳跃跃;跳跳过过; 跨越跨越 look before you leap 三思而后行三思而后行 jump/leap to the conclusion that 匆忙下结论匆忙下结论; 贸然断定贸然断定 leap to ones feet 赶紧站起来赶紧站起来1)He had leapt from a
18、 window in the building and escaped.2)I saw a fish leaping out of the water.mankind mnkand : n.人类人类 (前不用冠词前不用冠词, 接单数动词接单数动词/复数动词复数动词) all mankind: 全人类全人类 man: n. 人类人类 (不可数名词不可数名词,前不用冠词前不用冠词,接单数动词接单数动词) (a) human being: 人人agency ednsi: n (政府的政府的)专门机构专门机构;服务机构服务机构;代理处代理处 agent: n.代理人代理人;经纪人经纪人 a trave
19、l agency: 旅行社旅行社1)You can book at your local travel agency.2)I wrote a letter to the car rental agency, explaining what had happened.3)The agency provided me with a well-paid job. transmit transmit: v. 传输传输;发送发送 transmit sth. from to 把某物从把某物从传递到传递到 transmission n. 播送，传送，传动装置播送，传送，传动装置 电台或电视电台或电视信息，信
20、息，1)The game was transmitted live(实况实况) all over the world.2)The ceremony was transmitted live by satellite to over 100 countries.3)The images(图像图像) of the moons surface were transmitted back to the earth.data det: n. (复数复数)资料资料; 数据数据 (单数单数: datum)1)For example, Americas NASA space agency launched V
21、oyager 1 on 5 September, 1977 to study deep space, and it still transmits data today.2)The study was based on data from 100,000 women.3)You should often save data on your computer. 教材原句教材原句These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universe never died. disappoin
22、ted adj. 失望的；沮丧的失望的；沮丧的要点必记要点必记be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人失望be disappointed at/about sth. 对某事失望be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望词语积累词语积累disappoint vt. 使失望 disappoint sbSb be disappointed(人) Disappointing adj. （人或物）令人失望的 （可以修饰人或物） disappointed adj. （人自身）感到失望的（只能修饰人） disappointment U. 失望失望 to on
23、es disappointment 令某人失望的是令某人失望的是一言辨异一言辨异The _news that he failed the exam made him very_. disappointingdisappointedTo my disappointment，his behavior caused some misunderstanding between us. 词语积累词语积累 to ones 情感类名词情感类名词 令人令人的是，做状语的是，做状语to ones surprise(惊讶) to ones joy/delight to ones astonishment（震惊）
24、to ones sorrowto ones amazement（震惊） to ones satisfaction to ones regret to ones relief 词语积累词语积累 in 情感类名词情感类名词 相当于副词相当于副词,一般翻译成一般翻译成地地, 表示处于某种状态中表示处于某种状态中in surprise in silencein amazement in sorrowin despair in anger惊讶地震惊地绝望地沉默地悲伤地伤心地C. 令人失望的人或物令人失望的人或物He always felt he was a disappointment to his f
25、ather. 他觉得自己总是让父亲失望。他觉得自己总是让父亲失望。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1） Although I was _I couldnt keep the toys，I was somewhat proud to take them back. （2） To my （disappoint），his behavior cause some misunderstanding between us. （3） The teacher is disappointed Tonys attitude towards study. （4）We were greatly disappointed （
26、know）that she was absent. （5） The fans were disappointed the film star when they learned some negative news about him on the website. （6）The fans looked quite （disappoint）when they heard the _（disappoint）result. disappointed disappointmentat/about to know in/with disappointed disappointing 渴望渴望 desi
27、re but the desire to explore the universe never died.(教材P41) 语境感悟desire的意义及用法：1. He has a strong desire for success. =He has a strong desire to succeed. 2. We always desire to live in peace with other countries in the world.3. I desire you to get down to work at once.4. The people trapped in the rui
28、ns desired that rescue teams (should) come here right now. It is my desire that all the members of the family (should) gather once a year.n.渴望渴望；欲望欲望 vt. 渴望；期望渴望；期望have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事desire作动词后接宾语从句，以及作动词后接宾语
29、从句，以及desire 作名词后接同位语从作名词后接同位语从句或表语从句时，句或表语从句时，从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用，即从句谓语用should +动词原形动词原形形式形式,should可省略可省略。归纳总结归纳总结desire n.渴望渴望；欲望；欲望 have a desire for sth. 渴望渴望得到某得到某物物 have a desire to do sth. 渴望渴望做某做某事事 vt.渴望；期望渴望；期望 desire to do sth. 渴望渴望做某事做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 期望期望某人做某某人做某事事 desire that
30、(should) do 渴望渴望(虚拟语气虚拟语气) desirable adj. 令人满意的令人满意的; 值得要的值得要的 desired adj. 渴望的渴望的; 想得到的想得到的即学即练即学即练单句语法填空1. It is obvious that she has a strong desire _ power. 2. Henry desires _(receive) his graduation certificate soon. 3. The parents in China desire that the current education system _ (adjust) to
31、 ensure their good sleep.翻译我们期望大家生活在一个安全、无污染的环境中。We desire that everyone (should) live in a safe environment without pollution.We desire everyone to live in a safe environment without pollution.forto receive (should) be adjusted carry on This is because people believe in the importance of carrying o
32、n space exploration despite huge risks.(教材P41)1. Carry on with your work while Im out. After her husbands death, she carried on managing the hotel.2. We are determined to carry through all our work.3. We dont care what they carry in.4. I try not to let my problems at home carry over into my work.5.
33、We should carry out the plan to the full. 继续做；坚持干继续做；坚持干 carry on with sth. 继续某事carry on doing sth. 继续做某事把把进行到底，完成进行到底，完成输入，携带输入，携带(使使)继续下去，继续下去，(使使)延伸延伸实施；执行实施；执行归纳总结归纳总结 carry on 继续继续做；坚持干做；坚持干 carry on with sth. 继续某事继续某事 carry on doing sth. 继续做某事继续做某事 carry through 把把进行到底，完成；进行到底，完成； carry sb thr
34、ough sth 帮帮度过难关度过难关 carry in 输入输入，携带携带 carry over (使使)继续下去，继续下去，(使使)延伸延伸 carry out 实施实施；执行；执行 即学即练即学即练单句语法填空1. Three students were chosen to carry _ the experiment.2. Its a difficult job but shes the person to carry it _.3. Attitudes learned at home can carry _ into school.单句写作1. Her brave story has
35、 given me the will to _ (继续我的工作).2. Youll have an accident if you _ (继续像那样开车).outthroughovercarry on with my workcarry on driving like that25.ongoing n: adj.持续存在的持续存在的; 仍仍在进行的在进行的;不断发展的不断发展的 outgoing: adj. 外向的外向的; 善于交际的善于交际的1)An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station.2)There
36、 is an ongoing debate on this problem.3)That research is ongoing.on board: 在宇宙飞船上在宇宙飞船上;在船上在船上; 在在飞机上飞机上;在火车在火车上上 board the ship/plane 登船登船/登记登记 go on board: 登上船登上船/飞机飞机/火车火车1)It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space.2)The f
37、our astronauts on board will spend about 40 days in space. 3)When all the passengers were on board, the train left the station.independently : adv. 独立地独立地;自立地自立地 independent : adj. 独立的独立的; 自主自主的的; 自治自治的的 make sb. independent 使某人自立使某人自立 be independent of 不依赖不依赖 independence n. 独立，自立独立，自立 gain indepen
38、dence from 脱离脱离获得独立获得独立 depend (on/upon.): v. 依靠依靠;依赖依赖 dependent adj. 依赖依赖的，有瘾的的，有瘾的 dependence n. 依赖依赖,依靠依靠酒精酒精/药物药物,依存依存关系关系1)It is the first time that she has lived independently.2)She is now able to drive the car independently. spacecraft spacewalk jade dock dock标志着标志着 signalThis signalled one
39、step further in chinas plan to establish a space station in the future.(教材P41) 语境感悟signal的意义及用法：1. The police signalled (to) the driver to stop his car by raising his hands.2. She signalled that she was about to turn left.3. The rise in prices was a signal for economy falling.signal (to) sb. to do s
40、th. 示意某人做某事n.信号；标志信号；标志 signal (sb)that 示意/发信号a/the signal for 的信号/标志signalled signalling 归纳总结归纳总结signal vt.&vi 标志着；标明；发标志着；标明；发信号信号 signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意示意某人做某某人做某事事 signal (sb)that 示意示意/发信号发信号 signal to sb. 示意示意某人；向某人发信号某人；向某人发信号 n. 信号；信号；标志标志 a/the signal for 的信号的信号/标志标志 send/give out a s
41、ignal 发出信号发出信号 traffic signals 交通信号灯交通信号灯symbol指符号、象征、标志等指符号、象征、标志等, 常表示某种有深邃寓意的事常表示某种有深邃寓意的事物物signal指指为某一目的而有意识地为某一目的而有意识地发出的信号发出的信号sign表示表示“记号、符号记号、符号”时时, 同同symbol; 表示表示“告示告示, 标志标志”时时, 侧重指用侧重指用图形、文字图形、文字等所表达的内容等所表达的内容; 另外还可指另外还可指“征兆征兆, 迹象迹象”mark普通用词普通用词, 含义广泛含义广泛, 既可指为便于辨认而有意识地所既可指为便于辨认而有意识地所做的标记做
42、的标记, 又可指自然而然形成的标志或有别于其他又可指自然而然形成的标志或有别于其他事物的特征事物的特征, 也可用于指也可用于指“分数分数, 成绩成绩”即学即练即学即练单句语法填空1. The policeman spotted that I didnt get my seat belt on and signalled me _ (stop). 2. When the teacher closed the book, it was a signal _ everyone to stand up. 单句写作 1. 在大街拐角处，一名警察正在示意小学生先走。At the corner of str
43、eet, a policeman _ . 2. 总统将这次访问视作一种表示支持的重要信号。President saw the visit as _ for support. to stopforis signalling to the pupils to go firstan important signal 教材语境教材语境P41Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe.Her spirits were high with the hope of seeing Jackson i
44、n minutes rather than hours.抱着抱着的希望的希望in the hope of doing sth点拨精讲点拨精讲 22 22 带着带着希望希望with the hope of：表示心理状态，心理有什么希望。：表示心理状态，心理有什么希望。in the hope of：表示做什么的目的，希望什么。：表示做什么的目的，希望什么。 so as to (do sth): 为了为了;以便以便 (so as to do不不放在句首放在句首) so as not to do .: 为了为了不不in order to do.: 为了为了 (in order to do可可放放句首或
45、句中句首或句中) in order (not) to do.: 为了为了(不不)to do.: 为了为了in order that + 陈述句陈述句 = so that + 陈述句陈述句: 为了为了教材原句教材原句In space，astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use. 在太空中，在太空中， 宇航员收集所有的污水，以便回收利用。宇航员收集所有的污水，以便回收利用。so as to 表示目的，以便，为了表示目的，以便，为了要点必记要点必记动词不定式的一个主要作用，是在句中作目的状语。in orde
46、r to 或so as to 则使“目的”更加明确。 so as to 一般不放在句首，否定形式是so as not to。 in order to 可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是in order not to。单句写作单句写作1. _（为了找到）the missing child，the villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours. 2. He worked extra hours （为了完成）the task ahead of time. 3. We have got to set out early in
47、 the morning _ （为了）get to the company on time. 4. _（为了不被打扰），he spent three hours locked in his study. In order to findin order to finish/so as to finishin order to/so as toIn order not to be disturbedrecycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 n. _ 回收利用；循环使用 re- (动词前缀) + cycle (词根) recycle new adj. 新的renew v. 使更新；重新开始plac
48、e v. 放；置 replace vt. 取代；放回move v. 移动 remove vt. 移开；挪走 use vt. 使用 reuse vt. 再利用 build v. 建；建造 rebuild v. 重建re- + adj. _ 可再循环的；可回收利用的 recyclablerecyclingrecycling system 回收系统 muscle教材语境教材语境P42Astronauts bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity,so they.These children have
49、 health problems linked to poor diet and a lack of exercise.In Africa millions of people have to drink unsafe water for lack of clean drinking water.There is no lack of beauty in life but lack of the eyes to discover it.n. 缺乏；匮乏；短缺缺乏；匮乏；短缺 lack(a) lack of . 缺乏缺乏for lack of . 因缺乏因缺乏no lack of . 不缺不缺n
50、. 缺乏缺乏People do not lack strength; they lack will.The children lack for nothing although the parents are poorly dressed.vt. 缺乏；没有缺乏；没有vi. 缺乏缺乏 lack (for). 缺乏缺乏【归纳总结】 lack(1)n. 缺乏；匮乏；短缺（其前可加不定冠词）缺乏；匮乏；短缺（其前可加不定冠词） (a) lack of . for lack of .no lack of .(2)vt. 缺乏；没有缺乏；没有（不用于被动语态）（不用于被动语态） lack (for) .
