1、青 岛 科 技 大 学二一二年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语综合考试注意事项：1本试卷共6道大题（共计12个小题），满分150分；2本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。 PART I LINGUISTICS (60 points)Section I Define the following terms (20 points)Give the definition of each term in no less than 50 words.1. paradigmati
2、c relations 2. displacement 3. dialect 4. applied linguisticsSection II Essay questions (40 points)Answer each of the following questions in no less than 100 words.1.What is cohort theory?2.What is speech act theory?3.What does Chomsky mean by Language Acquisition Device?4. What is the difference be
3、tween langue and parole?PART II TRANSLATION (60 points)Section I Translate the following passage into Chinese (20 points)Resignation is of two sorts, one rooted in despair, the other in unconquerable hope. The man who has suffered such fundamental defeat that he has given up hope of serious achievem
4、ent may learn the resignation of despair, and if he does, he will abandon all serious activity. He may camouflage his despair by religious phrases, or by the doctrine that contemplation is the true end of man, but whatever disguise he may adopt to conceal his inward defeat, he will remain essentiall
5、y useless and fundamentally unhappy. The man whose resignation is based on unconquerable hope acts in quite a different way. Hope which is to be unconquerable must be large and impersonal. Whatever my personal activities, I may be defeated by death, or by certain kinds of diseases; I may be overcome
6、 by my enemies; I may find that I have embarked upon an unwise course which cannot lead to success. In a thousand ways the failure of purely personal hopes may be unavoidable, but if personal aims have been part of larger hopes for humanity, there is not the same utter defeat when failure comes.-Fro
7、m “On Resignation” by Bertrand RussellSection II Translate the following passage into English (20 points)阳光滑到玻璃板上。我垂下眼帘，一片温暖的桔红色在轻轻颤动。这是个寂静的早晨。每隔一阵，胡同里传来爆米花那沉闷的响声。阿富汗正进行着战争。一架大型客机在法国南部坠毁。巴勒斯坦游击队袭击以色列定居点我坐在这里，已经是第三天了，一个字也写不出来。这个世界是多么具体，似乎只在某个具体的地点和时间才有意义。早上洗脸的时候，镜子里那副疲倦而又紧张的神态，真像一只困兽。前几天的报告会上，那伙大学生发出
8、一阵阵嘘声，有人还递来这样的条子：“你能代表我们吗？别不要脸了！”麦克风刺耳的交流声给了我沉默的机会。对那些自命不凡的家伙，又能说些什么呢？ 节选自北岛稿纸上的月亮Section III Translate the following passage into English (20 points)古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国；欲治其国者，先齐其家；欲齐其家者，先修其身；欲修其身者，先正其心；欲正其心者，先诚其意；欲诚其意者，先致其知；致知在格物。物格而后知至，知至而后意诚，意诚而后心正，心正而后身修，身修而后家齐，家齐而后国治，国治而后天下平。自天子以至于庶人，壹是皆以修身为本。其本乱而末
9、治者否矣。其所厚者薄，而其所薄者厚，未之有也。节选自大学PART III WRITING (30 points) In an essay of at least 300 words, present your own perspective on the issue below, using relevant reasons and/or examples to support your views.“Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little.”2 第 页（共2页）
