1、宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:357科目名称：科目名称：英语翻译基础英语翻译基础适用专业适用专业:英语笔译英语笔译第 1 页 共 3 页一、一、 词语翻译（词语翻译（22040 分）分）说明：本部分共有 20 个词语，汉语和英语各 10 个，或选自国内外时事新闻，或选自翻译理论术语。请将汉语词语翻译为英语，英语词语翻译为汉语。1. 素质教育2.道德底线3. 产业结构调整和升级4. 全国人民代表大会5. 二十国集团6. 中央政治局7. 十二五时期8. 佛经翻译
2、9. 翻译研究的文化转向10. 信达雅11. US presidential debate12. Rio Olympics13. Brexit vote14. Nobel Prize for Literature15. vote swapping16. translation equivalence17. translation process18. parataxis19. domestication20. deep structure二、英汉篇章翻译（二、英汉篇章翻译（16060 分）分）Just off the west coast of present-day Scotland, li
3、es the small island of Iona (艾奥纳岛), a grassypromontory with white sandy beaches, rising up out of the North Sea. Today it is a place of quietcontemplation, relatively undisturbed by the tour groups or visiting school children wandering amongits enchanted ruins. Even for those who know, it is easy to
4、 forget that twelve centuries ago, these idyllicshores were the scenes of unimaginable violence.The monastery of Iona is the symbolic heart of Scottish Christianity, one of the oldest and mostimportant religious centers in Western Europe. It was founded by the Irish monk Columba in the sixthcentury
5、and became the focal point for the spread of the faith throughout Scotland.In the early centuries, the monks came to seek seclusion among the desert of the Atlantic Ocean,and built simple beehive-shaped stone huts where they could concentrate on their prayers and vows ofpoverty and obedience. Over t
6、ime, however, the small community became a major pilgrimage site, anda great medieval center of learning. It developed into a training school for monks with special rooms宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:357科目名称：科目名称：英语翻译基础英语翻译基础适用专业适用专业:英语笔译英语笔译第 2
7、页 共 3 页for the copying of manuscripts called scriptoriums（抄写室） that produced works of art famousthroughout Europe. Chief among these was the Book of Kells, an illuminated collection of the fourgospels that was described by its Irish contemporaries as “the most precious object in the westernworld”.In
8、 addition to its religious treasures, Iona also boasted an unrivaled collection of royal tombs.Most of the early Scottish kings, including the two made famous by Shakespeare Macbeth and hisvictim Duncan were interred in the monasterys crypt.For centuries, the island was an oasis of peace, protected
9、by the faith of its inhabitants and the vastocean surrounding it. In 794, however, a ripple of fear penetrated the tranquility. Rumors reached themonks of terrible raids to the east, sister monasteries devastated by strange northern pagans. Early thenext year, while the monks were celebrating a holy
10、 day, ships with prows carved to resemble serpentsand dragons slipped onto the beach below the main abbey.Leaping onto the white sand of a shoreline, which would later bear the name Martyrs Bay inmemory of the slain, the raiders headed for the buildings, cutting down the monks they found along thewa
11、y. Smashing open the doors, they killed anyone who tried to resist, drenching the stone floors of thechapel with blood. Anything that looked valuable was seized, including rich vestments which wereripped off of the bodies of the dead or dying.As the surviving monks fled in all directions, the attack
12、ers set fire to the great abbey and thenraced down to the beach with their considerable loot. Seemingly in the blink of an eye they were gone.Left behind were bloody corpses, burning buildings, and a shattered community.Virtually the only thing left intact was the high cross of St. Martins, one of a
13、 dozen or so largecarved monoliths that had dotted the landscape. In the side facing away from the devastated church wascarved the biblical figure of Abraham with his sword raised high as if in warning of the terribleevents that had just unfolded.The raids on the British Isles were only the beginnin
14、g of a great hammer blow that fell on anunprepared Europe. The broken bodies and the blackened shells of buildings in places like Iona wouldbe all too common in the centuries to come.The suddenness of the violence left many occupants of Europe disoriented and anxious. The shockand despair can still
15、be felt in the words of Alcuin（阿尔昆）, an Anglo-Saxon monk writing from宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:357科目名称：科目名称：英语翻译基础英语翻译基础适用专业适用专业:英语笔译英语笔译第 3 页 共 3 页Charlemagnes imperial capital of Aachen after one of the first raids.“.never before in Britain
16、 has such a terror appeared as this we have now suffered at thehands of the heathen.”The fact that the word Viking (维京) still conjures up that image of blond-haired barbariansleaping off of dragon ships to plunder a monastery is a testament to the trauma inflicted on WesternChristendom during the th
17、ree hundred years of the Viking Age. It is burned into our collective memory.三、汉英篇章翻译（三、汉英篇章翻译（30+20=50 分）分）说明：本部分包含 2 篇汉语短文，请翻译为英语。1. 保护绿水青山，留住蓝天白云，是全体人民福祉所系，也是对子孙后代义不容辞的责任。必须始终把建设生态文明、保护生态环境放在突出位置，强化科学治理，推广适用技术，实行最严格的源头保护制度，严守生态保护红线，以重点区域和关键领域为抓手，实施重大战略性生态工程，充分发挥市场作用，调动各类社会主体投身生态保护和建设的积极性，坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展，让当代人受益，为中华民族永续发展奠定坚实基础。2. 古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也，固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也，亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。
