1、宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:861科目名称：科目名称：翻译与汉语翻译与汉语适用专业适用专业:英语语言文学英语语言文学 外国语言学及应用语言学外国语言学及应用语言学 翻译学翻译学第 1 页 共 3 页Part ITranslation (100 points)Direction: This part consists of three passages. Translate Passage 1 from English into Chinese, andPa
2、ssages 2 and 3 from Chinese into English.Passage 1: English-Chinese Translation. (50 points)I will venture to give you an explanation a hypothesis, if you like to call it so of the secretof this power of sympathy in the Chinese people and my explanation is this. The Chinese people havethis power, th
3、is strong power of sympathy, because they live wholly, or almost wholly, a life of theheart. The whole life of Chinaman is a life of feeling not feeling in the sense of sensation whichcomes from the bodily organs, nor feeling in the sense of passion which flow, as you would say, fromthe nervous syst
4、em, but feeling in the sense of emotion or human affection which comes from thedeepest part of our nature the heart or soul. Indeed I may say here that the real Chinaman lives somuch a life of emotion or human affection, a life of the soul, that he may be said sometimes to neglectmore than he ought
5、to do, even the necessary requirements of the life of the senses of a man living inthis world composed of body and soul. That is the true explanation of the insensibility of the Chinese tothe physical discomforts of unclean surroundings and want of refinement. But that is neither here northere. .My
6、other illustration is this. A Scotch friend of mine in the Customs told me he once had a Chineseservant who was a perfect scamp, who lied, who “squeezed,” and who was always gambling, but whenmy friend fell ill with typhoid fever in and out-of-the-way port where he had no foreign friend to attendto
7、him, this awful scamp of a Chinese servant nursed him with a care and devotion which he could nothave expected from an intimate friend or near relation. Indeed I think what was once said of a womanin the Bible may also be said, not only of the Chinese servant, but of the Chinese people generally; “M
8、uch is forgiven them, because they love much.” The eyes and understanding of the foreigner inChina see many defects and blemishes in the habits and in the character of the Chinese, but his heart isattracted to them, because the Chinese have a heart, or, as I said, live a life of the heart a life ofe
9、motion or human affection. .First of all let us take the Chinese language. As the Chinese live a life of the heart, the Chinese宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:861科目名称：科目名称：翻译与汉语翻译与汉语适用专业适用专业:英语语言文学英语语言文学 外国语言学及应用语言学外国语言学及应用语言学 翻译学翻译学第 2 页 共 3 页lang
10、uage, I say, is also a language of the heart. Now it is a well-known fact that children anduneducated persons among foreigners in China learn Chinese very easily, much more so than grow-upand educated persons. .Passage 2: Chinese-English Translation. (20 points)如何培育学生迎接多变且充满挑战的社会？如何培育学生迎接多变且充满挑战的社会？
11、我希望所有入读市场营销的学生都能综合发展。除了取得优秀的成绩以外，更能真刀实枪地获得职前实习经验，还要有强烈的社会责任感。学生有机会替海内外不同机构制定商业顾问报告，多年来获得多间机构支持，部分建议更获得机构垂青，予以采纳。系内的许多活动都由学生担当统筹工作。学生学会亦承担责任，培养团队精神，还训练了领导才能。与此同时，我们尽量提供资源，让学生有机会到海外交流，扩展视野，让学生觉得大学教育是值得回味的一段经历。Passage 3: Chinese-English Translation. (30 points)大家都知道下午四五点钟，在英国是喝茶的时间。首相也好，时装模特女郎也好，警察也好，甚
12、至强盗也好，都是一定要喝下午茶的。一杯茶， 加上一点烤面包或饼干， 在和朋友闲谈几句。 这种光景在英国下午四五点钟的时候，是到处可以见到的，不问是在英王居住的白金汉宫，或是在寻常老百姓的家里，都是一样。对于在机关上做打字员一类工作的女性们，忙了一天而得到半小时的休息，去喝一杯茶，实在是最受欢迎的调剂了。甚至在前线的士兵们，如果情势允许的话，也要抽空去喝一杯茶。这原是英国牢不可破的传统。Part IIChinese Proficiency Test (50 points)一、一、 名词解释（名词解释（5 2 = 10）1. 现代汉民族共同语2.（造字法）指事3. 义素宁波大学宁波大学 20172
13、017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:861科目名称：科目名称：翻译与汉语翻译与汉语适用专业适用专业:英语语言文学英语语言文学 外国语言学及应用语言学外国语言学及应用语言学 翻译学翻译学第 3 页 共 3 页4. 拟物5. 语用分析二二、 简答题简答题（5 4 = 20）1. 在语音和词汇层面，现代汉语不同于印欧语系的特点有哪些？2. 祈使句有哪两种类型？3. 明喻、暗喻、借喻的异同点？4. 夸张和浮夸有什么不同？请举例说明。5. 常见的汉语句法失误中，搭配不当有哪些类型？三三、 作文作文（1 20 = 20）请以“百年前躺着吸鸦片，百年后躺着玩手机，姿态有着惊人的相似”为话题用现代汉语写一篇论说文。
