1、第1页共 4 页三 峡 大 学2014年研究生入学考试试题(A卷)科目代码： 894 科目名称： 语言学及应用语言学 考试时间为3小时，卷面总分为150分答案必须写在答题纸上并标上题号I True or False statements：There are 10 statements. Please make decisions whether they are true or false (T for true and F for false) (20 points). 1. Phonetics studies the description, classification and tran
2、scription of human sounds. ( )2. Language is arbitrary by which we mean language is resourceful because of its duality and its recursiveness. ( )3. Syntax examines how meaning is encoded in a language. It is not only concerned with meanings of words as lexical items, but also with levels of language
3、 below the word and above it, e.g., meanings of morphemes and sentences. ( )4. Grice distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as “Langue and Parole”. ( )5. Grammatical words are known as function words while lexical words are
4、 known as content words.( )6. Synonymy is the technical name for the sameness relation while antonymy is the name for oppositeness.( )7. Socialinguistics studies psychological aspects of language. It usually studies the psychological states and mental activity associated with the use of language.( )
5、8. Emotive and expressive functions of language are the same. ( )9. The concept of Speech Act was proposed by Halliday. ( )10. Most people agree that Saussures work marked the beginning of the modern linguistics. ( )II. Multiple choices: There are 4 choices in each statement marked A, B, C and D. Ch
6、oose the one that is the most suitable for the statement (20 points). 1. Phatic communion function of language is also called_function.a. greeting b. interpersonal c. emotive d. informative2. While_constitutes the immediately accessible data, the linguists proper object is the _ of each community, t
7、he lexicon, grammar, and phonology implanted in each individual by his upbringing in society and on the basis of which he speaks and understands his language.a. pragmatics, semantics b. morphology, syntaxc. parole, langue d. phonetics, phonology3. _ is the study of the sound patterns and sound syste
8、ms of languages. It aims to discover the principles that govern the way sounds are organized in languages, and to explain the variations that occur. a. Phonology b. Phonetics c. Parole d. Psychology4. _ is made up from the first letters of the name of an organizaiton, which has a heavily modified he
9、adword.a. Acronym b. Abbreviation c.Back-formation d. Blending5. _ is a grammatical category used for the analysis of word classes displaying such contrasts as singualr, dual, plural, etc. a. Case b. Number c. Agreement d. Gender6. _ recognizes 7 types of meaning in his Semantics, first published in
10、 1974 as conceptual meaning, connotative meaning, social meaning, affective meaning, reflected meaning, collocative meaning and thematic meaning. a. John Austin b. N. Chomsky c. C.K. Ogden d. G. Leech 7. _, in the cognitive literature, is defined as a cognitive process in which the vehicle provides
11、mental access to the target in the same domain. a. Metonymy b. Metaphor c. Categorization d. Schema8._ is an act performed in saying something. This act is actually the intention of the speaker. It is performed via the communicative force of an utterance. a. Locutionary act b. Illocutionary act c. P
12、erlocutionary act d. Speech act9. Childrens linguistic capability is innately determined. This theory was raised by _a. Chomsky b. Austin c. Sapir-Whorf d. Grice10. A: What is your name? B: My name is Lily. It was given by my father when I was born and I have a Chinese name too.Bs answer violated _
13、maxim/ principle.a. quality b. quantity c. manner d. relation III. Give a brief definition to the following ten terms (40 points).1. applied linguistics; 2. syllabus; 3. macrolinguistics; 4. pragmatics; 5. arbitrariness; 6. interlanguage; 7. conversational implicature; 8. pidgin; 9. duality; 10. Sap
14、ir-Whorfs HypothesisIV. Briefly discuss the similarities (if theres any) and differences of the following linguistic pairs (30 points):1) China English and Chinese English2) input and output3) second language and foreign language4) Behaviouristic Theory and Functional Grammar5) sentence and utteranceV. Essay writing: you are expected to write a no less than 600 word long essay based on the following topic (40 points).How, in your eyes, does language relate to culture in the context of English as a global language?第 4 页
