1、Past participles vs the -ing form新人教版选择性必修二Unit 4 Discover useful structures目 录12过去分词与现在分词区别巩固练习01过去分词与现在分词区别Past Participle vs Present Participle过去分词（Past Participle）和现在分词（Present Participle），都属于非谓语动词形式，可以在句中充当表语，状语，定语和宾补。1. 充当表语过去分词作表语表示主语所处状态或主观心理感受，相当于形容词的作用。 The young NBA basketball king James
2、is married. The window of my room is broken. Dont be so disappointed. We are excited to hear the good news. We are always pleased to be able to help.状态主观心理感受现在分词作表语，一般跟在be，get，become，look，sound，feel，keep，remain， 等系动词后面，相当于形容词，用来表示主语所具有的特征或属性。 The news was exciting. The situation is encouraging. The
3、film is moving.表示特征或属性2. 充当状语1. Asked why he didnt do it, he began to cry.2. Given more time, we could do it much better.3. Greatly moved by the film, they all cried. 4. He walked up and down the room, lost in thought. 6. Laughed at by many people, Tom continued his study.5. Supported by his wife, t
4、he old man went into the room.伴随方式原因时间条件让步过去分词短语做状语，可以用来表示事情发生的时间，条件，方式，让步，原因，或伴随状况。1. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.2. Travelling by jeep, we visited a number of cities.3. Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her.4. Turning around, she saw a police
5、car driving up.6. Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children. 5. Working hard, you will succeed. 7. Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone. 伴随方式原因时间条件结果让步现在分词短语做状语，也可以用来表示事情发生的时间，条件，方式，让步，原因，结果，或伴随状况。过去分词作状语, 其逻辑主语要与主句主语保持一致, 两者之间为“被动关系”。Given more time, we c
6、ould do it much better.“我们（we）” “被给与（given）”更多的时间Supported by his wife, the old man went into the room.“老人（the old man）” “被搀扶着（supported）”Laughed at by many people, Tom continued his study.“汤姆（Tom）” “被人嘲笑（laughted）”易错点：现在分词作状语, 其逻辑主语要与主句主语保持一致, 两者之间为“主动关系”。Turning around, she saw a police car drivin
7、g up.Working hard, you will succeed. 她（she），转身（turning around） 主动关系你（you），努力工作（working hard） 主动关系分词作状语表示“结果”时，只能用现在分词。He didnt come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work.Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking roads, paths and railway lines.经典
8、例句背诵Absorbed in the newspaper, he didnt hear the bell. Devoted to her work, she has no time to travel.Seated in a chair, John looks satisfied. Dressed in red, the girl is writing a letter with her favourite pen. Faced with so many problems, they never gave up.Judging form/by his accent, he must be f
9、rom the north.Having been told many times , he still did not know how to do it.3. 充当定语polluted rivers 被被污染的河流污染的河流 an honored guest 贵宾贵宾cooked food 熟食熟食 boiled water 白开水白开水problems left over by history=problems that are left over by history vegetables grown without chemicals=vegetables which are gro
10、wn without chemicals被历史遗留的问题不含化学物质的蔬菜过去分词做定语，与被修饰的名词之间存在一种被动或完成的关系，意义上相当于一个定语从句。a crying girl 正在哭的女孩正在哭的女孩 a moving truck 移动的卡车移动的卡车a flying bird 飞鸟飞鸟 a falling leaf 落叶落叶developing countries = countries that are developinga man standing by the door = a man who is standing by the door 现在分词做定语，与被修饰的名词
11、之间存在一种主动或进行的关系，意义上相当于一个定语从句。发展中国家正站在门边的男人常见的只能用现在分词作定语的动词：1. The cakes tasting good will be delivered to your house. 3. The book belonging to the library has been stolen yesterday. 4. The tower dating back to Tang Dynasty looks beautiful. 2. The flowers smelling sweet are from my garden. 4. 充当宾补过去分词
12、作宾补，用来说明宾语的状态或性质，过去分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。1. They managed to make themselves _(understand) in very simple English.2. She had her wallet _ (steal) yesterday.3. Mary felt a great weight _(take) off her mind4. The boss wouldnt like the problem _(discuss).discussedtakenunderstoodstolen现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发生或正
13、在进行，强调动作过程。 Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. He tried to start the engine running. The words immediately set us all laughing.总的来说：过去分词表被动或完成, 现在分词表主动或进行。Past Participle vs Present ParticipleWatch out! You can get burnt by the boiling water
14、.The Chinese people tend to drink boiled water.The book containing 13 chapters is missing now.The book written by LuXun sells well.Tom was frightened to see his wife killing others.Tom was frightened to see his wife killed by others.Seeing from the top of the mountian, I found the village beautiful.
15、Seen from the top of the mountian, the village was so beautiful.02巩 固 练 习3. Exposed to light, potatoes will turn green.1. The missing boy was last seen playing near the river.2. Looking out of the window, I saw Tom sweeping up the waste paper.4. Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.6. La
16、st year they had the house rebuilt.8. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.5. The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1955.7. Is this the book recommended by our teacher? miss look exposelose stand rebuild recommendunderstand1. 用所给词的正确形式完成句子2. 单句语法填空1. Are
17、you sure youre ready for the test?No problem.Im well (prepare) for it.2. (find) the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level.3. (give) more care and attention，the boy would not have gone that far on the wrong path.4.We got a little (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we
18、 didnt mind.preparedFindingGivensunburned/sunburnt5. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel (challenge).6. While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.7. The ending of the story makes Susan very (amaze).8. Nervously (face) challenges，I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.”.challengedpromotedamazingamazedfacingHomework:1.2.Thanks
