1、Reading and ThinkingIts a great honour to save a lifeLeigh BardugoAccidentFirst aiddrowningbleedingchokinggetting burneda cut fingera nosebleeda snake bitea sprained anklea broken armWhat situations can you think of that needs first aid?Warm upgetting an (electric) shockgas poisoningsuffering a hear
2、t attack Reading and ThinkingOn Page 50First Aid for BurnsFirst Aid for BurnsLearn about first aid for burns1 Before you read, discuss these questions in groups.1. What first-aid techniques do you know of/about? I know basically what to do if someone gets burned or gets a cut.2. If soneone you know
3、suffered a burn, what would you do?Place burns under cool running water.Dry the burnt area with a clean cloth.Send the victim to hospital if necessary.Pre-reading1. What can skin do for our body ? 1._2._3._4. _5. _ Acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the suns rays. Helps control your body
4、 temperature. Prevents your body from losing too much water.Warns you when things are too hot or coold.ScanningGive you your sense of touch.2. Look through the text and identify its style and language features. Then tick its text type form the list below.advertisementhospital leafletnewspaper articl
5、eblog postemailshort story医疗宣传单说明文说明文(expository writing)：说明事物的性质，形态：说明事物的性质，形态（类型）、特征、结构、功能、成因、结果、措施、发（类型）、特征、结构、功能、成因、结果、措施、发生发展过程，生发展过程， 包括说明书、广告词、解说词、操作规程、包括说明书、广告词、解说词、操作规程、科普小品等。科普小品等。说明文方法：分类法、举例法、比较法、列举数字、下说明文方法：分类法、举例法、比较法、列举数字、下定义、过程说明法、因果说明法定义、过程说明法、因果说明法。1. Whats main idea of the text? I
6、t is about burns and the first-aid treatment for them.2. How many parts can it be divided into? What are they about?3. How each part is organized?Skimming PartMain ideaMethod of explanation12345The importance of first aid for burnsCauses of burnsTypes of burnsCharacteristics/Symptoms(症状症状) of burns
7、First-aid treatment for burns因果说明法因果说明法l the importance of the skinl the functions of the skinl the consequence of getting burntl how to deal with burnsl what the skin is likel how to give first aid to burn分类法分类法举例法举例法过程说明法过程说明法列举法列举法1. aid1) 【U】帮助】帮助; 援助援助 (=help, assistance)p give/offer first aid
8、(to the injured/for burns) (对对伤员伤员) 实施急救实施急救; 实施烧伤急救实施烧伤急救p (do sth) with/without the aid of sb./sth. 在在 (没有没有)帮助下，帮助下，(没有没有)借助借助 Teachers give their lessons with the aid of computers.Useful words and expressionsp(do sth) in aid of sb. 以帮助某人，以支援某人以帮助某人，以支援某人 (=in support of , in order to help) He ra
9、ised money in aid of the sick. pcome/go/hurry/rush to sbs aid/assistance =come/go/hurry/rush to help sb. 来来/去去/匆忙去匆忙去/奔过去支援某人奔过去支援某人2) vt. 帮助帮助; 援助援助 (=assist, help) paid sb. in (business/looking after the children) 在（某方面）在（某方面）帮助帮助 某人某人 with (money) 用（钱）帮助某人用（钱）帮助某人2. first-aid/writing techniques 急
10、救技术，写作技巧急救技术，写作技巧 （某一领某一领域的域的专门技专门技术、术、技技巧、手法、方法）巧、手法、方法）ptechnical(ly) adj./adv. 技术技术/技巧上的、地技巧上的、地3. suffer a (severe/serious/minor/first-degree) burn/injury (to ones head)（某人头部）遭受（严重、轻微、一度）烧伤（某人头部）遭受（严重、轻微、一度）烧伤/受伤受伤 =(sb/ones head) get/be (severely/seriously/badly/slightly) burned/burnt/injured4.
11、 give out (hospital) leaflets to people 向人们发放传单向人们发放传单/ /小小册子（医疗手册）册子（医疗手册）5. act as a barrier against (disease/infection/radiation) 充当预防（疾病、感染充当预防（疾病、感染/ /辐射辐射的）屏障的）屏障pbreak/tear down/remove barriers (between.and) 破除、消除（破除、消除（.之间的）障碍、隔阂之间的）障碍、隔阂6. ones sense of touch/sight/hearing/taste/smell 触觉、视觉
12、、听觉、味觉、嗅觉触觉、视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉 7. as you can imagine/see/expect, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. （正如）你可以想象得到（正如）你可以想象得到/看到看到/预料预料, as 引导非限制性定语从句。特征：引导非限制性定语从句。特征： 置于主句之前或之后或句中；置于主句之前或之后或句中； as指代主句内容，并在从句中作主语或宾语指代主句内容，并在从句中作主语或宾语; 意为意为 “正如正如” 或不翻译出来。或不翻译出来。常见的结构有：常见的结构有：as we (all) know 我们都
13、知道我们都知道 as sb thinks/said/mentioned/explained/reported pointed out/will find out 某人某人 认为、说、提到、解释、报道、表明、指出、认为、说、提到、解释、报道、表明、指出、将会将会发现发现 As the chart/diagram shows 如图所示如图所示也可采用系表结构（也可采用系表结构（as在从句中作主语）在从句中作主语）as is well known (to all) 众所周知众所周知as may be imagined/seen/expected 可以想象可以想象/看到看到/预料预料as is men
14、tioned/pointed out above 上面提到上面提到/指出指出 as is shown in the chart/diagram 如图所示如图所示 as is reported in the newspaper 据报纸报道据报纸报道as is often the case (with sb/sth) 情况常常如情况常常如as often happens 这种情况常常发生这种情况常常发生as is natural 这是自然的这是自然的 During their first day, _ is typical of Vancouver, it rained. She became a
15、ngry, _ many could see. 许多人能看到，她生气了许多人能看到，她生气了. The result, _ may be expected, is bad. 可以预料，结果很糟糕。可以预料，结果很糟糕。 asasas8. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.pa step in sth./doing sth /towards sth. 在在过程中的过程中的/ /迈向迈向的一步的一步9. Burns are divided into three types,
16、 _ (depend) on the depth of skin damage.p depending on 根据，依据（而根据，依据（而.）(=based on.) 作状语作状语The expenses you claim can vary enormously, _ (depend) on travel distances _(involve). 你要报销的费用可能相差很大，根据旅程的长短。你要报销的费用可能相差很大，根据旅程的长短。=in treating burns=towards the cure of burnsdepending depending involved 10. Th
17、e cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.pswell vi. (swelled, swelled/swollen) 肿起来肿起来pswelling 【C】 【U】肿胀（处）】肿胀（处）p (mildly) swollen adj. （轻微）肿胀的轻微）肿胀的Her ankle swelled (up) (=became swollen) after the fall. 她跌倒后的脚踝肿了起来。她跌倒后的脚踝肿了起来。cause/reduce swelling 10. Remove any
18、clothes _(use) scissors if necessary, _ you see the fabric_ (stick) to the burnt skin. 1) a pair of scissors 一把剪刀一把剪刀2) stick vt. & vi. (stuck, stuck)A. stick to sth. ( (被被) )贴贴/ /粘在粘在上面上面（表动作）（表动作） p=be stuck to sth. ( (被被) )贴贴/ /粘在粘在上面上面 （表状态）（表状态）pstick sth. to/on sth. 把把贴贴/粘在粘在上面上面 =attach to He
19、 _ a stamp _ the envelope. Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not _ the skin. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it _ the burn.unless using sticking stuck on stick to is stuck to B. stick (sth) in/into/through/out of （把（把.）刺入）刺入/插入、穿入、伸出插入、穿入、伸出Dont stick your
20、head out of the window/through the bars(栅栏栅栏).C. be/get stuck (in sth.) (=be caught/trapped in) (在在)被卡住；被卡住； 陷入陷入()困境困境 My car was/got stuck/caught in the mud/a traffic jam. 我的车陷入泥巴里面、遇上了交通堵塞了。我的车陷入泥巴里面、遇上了交通堵塞了。D. stick to sth/doing sth (ones word/plan/writing) 坚持、不放弃（做）某事坚持、不放弃（做）某事 （诺言、计划、写作）（诺言、
21、计划、写作）21. loose adj. 松（动）的松（动）的; 未系紧的未系紧的; 宽松的宽松的 plooseness Uploosely adv. 松散的松散的;蓬松的蓬松的; 轻松地轻松地;随意地随意地; 无力地无力地;软软绵绵地绵绵地ploosen vt./vi. （使）变松动，松开，解开（使）变松动，松开，解开; 放松，放松， 放宽放宽pCover the burnt area with a loose clean clothpa loose button/tooth 一颗松动的扣子、牙齿一颗松动的扣子、牙齿pcome/work loose 某物体松动了某物体松动了(=become
22、loose, loosen)pbreak/get/cut/tear (oneself) loose from sb/sth =escape from 从某人从某人/缰绳缰绳松脱、挣脱逃走）松脱、挣脱逃走） 11. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it keeps the heat in the woods and may cuase infection.1) apply (oil/cream/makeup/paint.) to sth （在（在.上面）上面）敷、涂、施、抹、贴用（油、霜、化妆品、敷、涂、施、抹、贴用（油、霜
23、、化妆品、油漆）油漆）2) apply (a discovery/theory/skill/technology/idea.) to sth/doing sth 把把.运用、应用到（做某事）上面运用、应用到（做某事）上面3) apply pressure to (the wound to stop it bleeding)papply the brakes 按压按压 （伤口）（伤口），踩（刹车），踩（刹车）3) apply to (the company/university) 向（公司向（公司/大学）申请大学）申请papply for (a job/passport/visa) 申请获得（工
24、作申请获得（工作/护照护照/签签证）证）papply to do sth (join the army) 申请做某事（参军）申请做某事（参军） 4) apply oneself/ones mind to sth/doing sth (improving the technique) （长时间）专心、专注、致力于某事、做某事（长时间）专心、专注、致力于某事、做某事5) apply to sb/sth 涉及，有关于，适用于，对涉及，有关于，适用于，对.有效有效 (concern, involve, relate to) Do the same rules apply to part-time wo
25、rkers? 12. If the victim is suffering (from) second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. .需要紧急把他、她送往医院。需要紧急把他、她送往医院。1) urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的紧急的，急迫的purgency U 紧迫，紧急紧迫，紧急purgently adv. 紧急地，紧迫地紧急地，紧迫地purge sb to do sth敦促某人做某事敦促某人做某事 We are in _ need of n
26、ew equipment/facilities. New equipment/facilities is/are _ needed. call/appeal for urgent attention/action 呼吁紧急处理呼吁紧急处理/行动行动urgent urgently a matter/sense of urgency 紧迫的事、紧迫感紧迫的事、紧迫感2) There is a/no need (for sb) to do sth （某人）有、没有必要做某事（某人）有、没有必要做某事 =It is (un)necessary (for sb) to do sthTheres no n
27、eed (for you) to hurry. 关于名词关于名词need的其它短语：的其它短语： There is a/no need for sb/sth 需要需要、不需要某人、某物、不需要某人、某物There is a growing need for new housing in many rural areas. Many rural areas are in urgent/desperate need of New housing. = urgently/desperately need 迫切需要迫切需要 sastisfy/meet/suit ones needs 满足、适合某人的需
28、要满足、适合某人的需要 feel the need to do sth 感觉有必要做某事感觉有必要做某事 people/those/families in need 贫困者、家庭贫困者、家庭 13. ease vi. vt. （使）减轻（使）减轻; 缓解；放松；平缓缓解；放松；平缓 (reduce, relieve) vt. 使变得容易、顺利使变得容易、顺利(make.easy) U 容易容易; 舒适舒适; 安逸；自在安逸；自在pease discomfort/the pain/stress/tension/pressure/burden/ headache 缓解缓解/减轻不适减轻不适/疼痛疼
29、痛/忧虑忧虑/紧张紧张/压力压力/负担负担/头痛头痛 This should help ease the pain/her breathing. The pain immediately eased.pease the situation/problem/ones breathing 缓和局面、问缓和局面、问题、呼吸题、呼吸pease ones mind 是某人思想放松是某人思想放松/放心、感到宽慰放心、感到宽慰p(win/learn) with ease (easily)轻松地轻松地; 容易地（获胜、学会）容易地（获胜、学会）p(be/feel) at (ones) ease (at home) (with sb)感到感到 舒适舒适/安逸安逸/自自在在pput/set sb at (ones) ease 使某人感到使某人感到 舒适舒适/安逸安逸/自在自在live a life of ease 过着舒适安逸的生活过着舒适安逸的生活Ramps(坡道坡道) have been built to ease access for the disabled. (使残疾人的进入很容易使残疾人的进入很容易) The end
