1、Two roads diverged（岔开；分开） in a wood, and I-I took the one less travelled by,and that has made all the difference. -Robert frost一片树林里分出两条路一片树林里分出两条路-而我选了人而我选了人少的一条，从此决定了我一生的道路。少的一条，从此决定了我一生的道路。 -罗伯特罗伯特. 弗罗斯特弗罗斯特英文诗歌的几种简单形式英文诗歌的几种简单形式Reading and thinkingAppreciate different forms of English poems.Ther
2、e are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, int
3、egrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.Para.1定语从句定语从句adj. 独特的，与众不同的独特的，与众不同的1. compose poetry 写诗2. economical
4、use of words 简练的用词 3. integrated imagery 整合的意象4. literary devices 文学手法5.similes and metaphors 明喻和暗喻6. arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm.字词、诗行、韵脚和节奏的编排Some words and phrases difficult to understanddescriptive adj. 描述性的；描写的describe v，描述description n. 描述；说明beyond description 难以描述beyond im
5、agination 难以想象难以想象beyond expression 无法表达；形容不出无法表达；形容不出to ones + 名词be of + 名词=be+形容词be of benefit to = be beneficial to 对什么有益处to ones sorrow让某人悲伤的是让某人悲伤的是compose poetry 写诗Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.别的诗歌想表达像是快乐和悲伤这样特定的感情。别的诗歌想表达像是快乐和悲伤这样特定的感情。sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事悲伤；悲痛；伤
6、心事 vi.感到悲伤感到悲伤to ones sorrow让某人悲伤的是让某人悲伤的是sorrow at/for/over sth. 对某事的悲伤对某事的悲伤sorrowful adj.悲伤的悲伤的(1)He expressed his sorrow at the news of her death.听到她的死讯，他表达了他的悲伤之情。听到她的死讯，他表达了他的悲伤之情。(2) his sorrow，none of them were in favor of him.让他悲伤的是，他们中没有人支持他。让他悲伤的是，他们中没有人支持他。(3)The people present at the me
7、eting sorrowed his death.出席会议的人都对他的离世感到悲伤。出席会议的人都对他的离世感到悲伤。(4)As a matter of fact，he darent look up to see her_ (sorrow) eyes.事实上，他不敢抬头看她悲伤的眼睛。事实上，他不敢抬头看她悲伤的眼睛。TooversorrowfulRevisiondescriptive adj. 描述性的；描写的describe v，描述description n. 描述；说明beyond description 难以描述beyond imagination 难以想象难以想象beyond ex
8、pression 无法表达；形容不出无法表达；形容不出to ones + 名词be of + 名词=be+形容词be of benefit to = be beneficial to 对什么有益处to ones sorrow让某人悲伤的是让某人悲伤的是compose poetry 写诗 express oneself 表达自己的想法表达自己的想法The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words.艺术世界给了我一个不用语言就可以表达自己想法的机会。艺术世界给了我一个不用语言就可以表达自己想法的机会。（1）express
9、concerns about 对对表示忧虑表示忧虑 express ones regret for 对对表示遗憾表示遗憾 express ones thanks/gratitude to sb. 向某人表达谢意向某人表达谢意 express my congratulations to you 对你表达我的祝贺对你表达我的祝贺（2）facial expression 面部表情面部表情 freedom of expression 言论自由；表达自由言论自由；表达自由 beyond expression 无法表达；形容不出无法表达；形容不出单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Young children
10、often have difficulty（in）expressing_（them）.（2）The ability_（express） an idea is as important as the idea itself.（3）Freedom of_（express） is a basic human right.完成句子完成句子（4）I would like to _（表达感谢）（表达感谢）for your kindness.（5）Our excitement was_（无以言表）（无以言表） when the news came. themselves to expressexpressi
11、on express my thanks/gratitude beyond expressionSome of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because
12、 they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.Para. 2定语从句定语从句to the point意为“简明恰当；简洁中肯” 。例：1. He said littl
13、e, but what he said was very much to the point. 2. Though lacking in fluency, he spoke to the point.beside/off the point 不切正题on the point of 正要2. I was on the point of going out when you came.1. Im afraid what youre saying now is off the point.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory
14、，but they are easy to learn and recite.这些诗歌这些诗歌或许讲不通，甚至好像是自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。或许讲不通，甚至好像是自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通；是明智的有意义；有道理；讲得通；是明智的make sense of.了解了解的意义；懂得的意义；懂得make no sense讲不通，没意义讲不通，没意义common sense常识常识a sense of humor幽默感幽默感in no sense决不决不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装置于句首时，句子部分倒装)in a sense在某一方面
15、；就某种意义来说在某一方面；就某种意义来说There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理做某事没道理/意义。意义。(1)Why did she do a thing like that？It doesnt seem to make sense.她为什么做那种事情？这似乎讲不通。她为什么做那种事情？这似乎讲不通。(2)It makes sense to save some money for a rainy day.存一些钱以备不时之需是很明智的。存一些钱以备不时之需是很明智的。(3)Planning so far ahead so many things will
16、 have changed by next year.提前那么早作计划是没有意义的提前那么早作计划是没有意义的到了明年，有许多情况会发生变化。到了明年，有许多情况会发生变化。(4) _trying to persuade him to stop smoking.劝说他戒烟没有任何意义。劝说他戒烟没有任何意义。(5) ，what he has done is worth praising.从某种意义上说，他所做的是值得赞扬的。从某种意义上说，他所做的是值得赞扬的。makes no senseThere is no sense inIn a sense本句中的本句中的they are easy t
17、o learn and recite是固定句型：是固定句型：主语主语beadj.动词不定式。动词不定式。此句型有以下几个特点：此句型有以下几个特点：不定式在该句型中用主动形式表示被动意义。不定式在该句型中用主动形式表示被动意义。常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如hard，difficult，pleasant，easy，comfortable，interesting等。等。在意义上动词不定式和主语在逻辑上为动宾关系；当不定式中的动词在意义上动词不定式和主语在逻辑上为动宾关系；当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，要加适当的介词。为不及物
18、动词时，要加适当的介词。(1)This sweater I just bought online is hard to wash.我刚从网上买的这件毛衣很难洗。我刚从网上买的这件毛衣很难洗。(2)He thinks that long sentences in this text are difficult _(remember).他认为这篇课文中的长句子很难记住。他认为这篇课文中的长句子很难记住。(3)He lent his new pen to me，which is easy to write .他把他的新钢笔借给我，这支钢笔很好用。他把他的新钢笔借给我，这支钢笔很好用。返 回to re
19、memberwith1. Theres little time left, and I wish you would get_the point2. Can you make sense the difficult article?3. Some students were sweeping the floor, were cleaning the windows.4. An imaginative child may express (he) by drawing.5. Children shouldnt play knives. 语法填空。语法填空。to考点追击考点追击of othersh
20、imselfwithOne of the simplest kinds of poem is the list poem, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme like B and C, whil
21、e others do not. Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example D.Para.3-4定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句Some rhyme(like B and C)，while others do not.有
22、些清单诗押韵（如诗歌有些清单诗押韵（如诗歌B B和诗歌和诗歌C)C)，有些则不押韵。，有些则不押韵。while作并列连词的用法while作并列连词时，表示对比，意为而;然而，用来连接两个并列分句。I like tea while my brother likes coffee.我喜欢喝茶，而我哥哥喜欢喝咖啡。Tom is very outgoing and confident while his sister Katy is shy and quiet.汤姆非常外向、自信，而他的妹妹凯蒂却羞涩、文静。while作连词的其他用法：(1)作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为当的时候”，常位于句中。N
23、ever get on or off a bus while it is still moving.公共汽车还没停稳时千万不要上下车。(2)作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为尽管”，多位于句首。While I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that they cannot be solved.承认有问题存在，但我认为这些问题并非不能解决。正过be made up of由由组成组成(构成构成)make up构成；组成；占；铺床；化妆；弥补；和解；编造构成；组成；占；铺床；化妆；弥补；和解；编造 make up for弥补弥补consist
24、of由由组成组成Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines.另一种另一种业余爱好者容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。业余爱好者容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。3一词多义一词多义写出下列句子中写出下列句子中make up的汉语意思的汉语意思(1)You are not telling the truth.You are just making up a story. _(2)Can I leave early t
25、his afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？ _(3)Girls make up 50% of the number of students. _(4)She decided to work harder to make up the lost time.她决定更加努力工作，把失去的时间补回来。她决定更加努力工作，把失去的时间补回来。一句多译一句多译(5)由由30个女孩组成的这个组合在这里很受欢迎。个女孩组成的这个组合在这里很受欢迎。The group _ is very popular here.(be made up of)The group _
26、 is very popular here.(consist of)编造编造弥补弥补占；组成占；组成formade up of thirty girlsconsisting of thirty girlsbe made of 意为“由制成”，指从原料到制成品，只发生了形状变化，没有发生本质变化（属物理变化）。be made from 意为“由制成”，指从原料到制成品，发生了质的变化，已无法复原（属化学变化）。2. This kind of beer is made from wheat. 1. The chair is made of bamboo.Haiku is a Japanese fo
27、rm of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and, Like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a speci
28、al feeling using very few words. The haiku poem E on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.Para.5动词动词ing作状语作状语动词动词ing作定语作定语定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句consist of 意为“由组成(构成)”。只用于一般时态，不用于进行体和完成体，也不用于被动结构。=be made up of例：1. The United Kingdom consists of
29、 Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2. The supplies consisting of food and medicine are from his hometown.respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为分别；各自；依次为respecting prep.关于关于respective adj.分别的；各自的分别的；各自的It has a format of three lines，containing 5，7，and 5 syllables respectively.它有三行的格式，各自包含它有三行的格式，各自包含5个、个、7个和个和
30、5个音节。个音节。(1)Julie Wilson and Mark Thomas，are aged 17 and 19 respectively.朱莉朱莉威尔逊和马克威尔逊和马克托马斯，年龄分别为托马斯，年龄分别为17岁和岁和19岁。岁。(2)They are regarded as specialists in their respective fields.他们在各自的领域里都被视为专家。他们在各自的领域里都被视为专家。(3)We are eager for the information (respect) the child.我们渴望得到关于那个孩子的消息。我们渴望得到关于那个孩子的消
31、息。respecting1. This collection is made of poems, essays and short stories. 2. The apartment consisted two small rooms and a balcony. 3. What she wants to buy isnt a skirt, a dress.4. This film is popular young people, which tells a romantic story. 5. We cannot settle it a few words. 语法填空。语法填空。up考点追击
32、考点追击of butwithinEnglish speakers also enjoy poems from China,those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English,suchas this one (F).With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try!.P
33、ara.6-7comprehension n.理解力；领悟力；理解练习理解力；领悟力；理解练习beyond comprehension不可理解的不可理解的comprehend v.理解理解comprehensive adj.详尽的详尽的Poetry comprehension诗歌理解诗歌理解(1)The task requires a good comprehension of complex instructions.这项工作要求对复杂的指令有良好的理解力。这项工作要求对复杂的指令有良好的理解力。(2)She couldnt comprehend how someone would risk
34、 peoples lives in that way.她无法理解怎么会有人拿人们的生命那样去冒险。她无法理解怎么会有人拿人们的生命那样去冒险。(3)For most of the people，what he did was really beyond _(comprehend).对于大多数人来说，他所做的事情确实是不可理解的。对于大多数人来说，他所做的事情确实是不可理解的。同义词替换同义词替换(4)She was so young that she couldnt understand their behavior._comprehensioncomprehend达达 标标 检检 测测当堂检
35、测 基础达标演练.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.When I went to see her，I found her very (sorrow).2.The little boy found it hard to make sense the long sentence.3.She decided to read the novel (make) up of three parts.4.Our teacher is a bad mood today，so youd better not disturb him.5.It was wise of him to manage to seize the
36、 chance (await) him.6.After they crossed the second crossing，they went home _(respective).sorrowfulofmadeinawaitingrespectively7.My son told me that what his teacher said in class was beyond _(comprehend).8.When you get there，you will find that the villagers are easy _(get) along prehensionto get.完成
37、句子完成句子9.When she sat at the computer，she foundthat _ .她坐在电脑旁时，发现那封邮件很难回复。她坐在电脑旁时，发现那封邮件很难回复。10. _，her pet dog was killed in the traffic accident.让她难过的是，她的宠物狗在交通事故中丧生。让她难过的是，她的宠物狗在交通事故中丧生。11.Having read the poem several times， _.把那首诗读了几遍之后，他发现很容易背诵。把那首诗读了几遍之后，他发现很容易背诵。12.The guide tells us that the m
38、useum .导游告诉我们，那座博物馆由三部分组成。导游告诉我们，那座博物馆由三部分组成。返 回the email was hard to answerTo her sorrowhe found it easy to reciteconsists of/is made up of three parts.课文语法填空课文语法填空There are various reasons 1. people compose poetry.Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers mind.2. try to co
39、nvey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.Poets use many different forms of poetry 3. (express) themselves.Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.whyOthersto expressSome of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contra
40、dictory，but they are easy 4. (learn) and recite.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，5. contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain,6. (make) up of five lines.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry tha
41、t consists of 17 syllables.It is not a 7. (tradition) form of English poetry，but is very popular 8. English writers.English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry 9. (translate) into English.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may 10. (eventual) want to write poems of your own.to learnwhichmadetraditionalwithhas been translatedeventuallyBye-bye!
