1、Unit 1 ARTReading and Thinking A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGStep 1: Lead in 1.What is art? Can you list some Chinese forms of art? Ceramic 陶瓷陶瓷Paper cutsChinese OperaCalligraphy2. Do you know what other forms of art?artsculpturearchitecturephotographymusicdance literaturemoviepaintingStep 2 Wh
2、ile-readingRead the title ,the first paragraph and the headings ,then answer the following questions. Q1:Whats the passage mainly about? Q2:Where can you find this passage? Q3:How many parts is the passage divided? Q4:How did the Western painting develop?The development of Western painting.An art ma
3、gzine. Two parts. Introduction/from general to detailsFast reading 5th C AD15th 17th 19th 20th The Middle AgesImpressionismModern Art History Period & Painting Characteristics14th The RenaissancetodayHow did the Western painting develop?Detailed reading What is Western art? It is hard to give a prec
4、ise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.Para1 Q1:Why is Western art difficult to give a preci
5、se definition? Q2: What is the best way to understand Western art?The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century) During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primi
6、tive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone（乔托迪邦多纳） (1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environmen
7、t. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.Para2 Q: What was the purpose of Western art in this period? religious themesGiotto di BondoneCharacteristics:From religious theme to realistic human before 13th century: not r
8、ealistic; primitive and two-dimensional/largerfrom 13th century: more realistic and deep emotional impactChanges:Famous painter:The Middle Ages: (from the 5th to the 15th century)Giotto di Bondone乔托乔托迪迪邦邦多纳多纳Giotto di Bondone乔托乔托，意大利文艺复兴初期的画家、雕塑家、 建筑师，被誉为“欧洲绘画之父”。乔托的作品，突 出人物和形象的自然性，画作富有景深景深视觉视觉效果， 栩
9、栩如生，为同时代绘画杰出楷模，在绘画艺术史上 产生了深远的影响。Works from Giotto di Bondone教堂的十字架宝座上的圣母More Works from Giotto di Bondone犹大之吻犹大之吻哀悼基督哀悼基督 The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century) New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious th
10、emes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (马萨乔)(1401-1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci(莱昂纳多达芬奇)(1452-1519, Michelangelo(米开朗琪罗)(1475-1564), and Raphael (拉斐尔)(1483-1520) built up
11、on Giotto(乔托) and Masaccios innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.Q:Whats the important breakthrough during this period?Para3 Para4 Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photogra
12、phs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (伦勃朗)(1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.1.What was another innovation?2.Whats the reputation Rembrandt gain?Para5 In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shi
13、fted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that wer
14、e beautiful and interesting to look at.1.Painters in Renaissance began to focus on_.2. What did the rich people pay famous artists to paint?3.What paintings did the other people want ?Characteristics:Famous painters: Changes: less religious themesmore humanistic attitude the use of perspectivethe us
15、e of oil paintsdeep colors and realism look like photographsfocus on people and the worldimportant historic events/storiesMasaccio Leonardo da VinciMichelangelo RaphaelMore humanistic Perspective oil paints The Renaissance : (from the 14th to the 17th century)Masaccio马萨乔，意大利文艺复兴绘画的奠基人，被称为”现实主义开荒现实主义
16、开荒者者“。马萨乔英年早逝，仅活了27年，但在他短短的一生中创造了辉煌的成就。他的生命如流星一般绚烂而短暂，却像一束光一样照亮了当时的画坛，因为他的原因人们开始了一场关于绘画的革命。他的壁画被称为是人文主义的一个开端，是一个最早的里程碑。他是第一位使用透视法透视法的画家，在他的画中首次引入了灭点，这为后来的艺术家提供了一个很好的典范。Works from Masaccio“灭点灭点”纳税银圣三位一体像达芬奇，意大利文艺复兴三杰之一，也是整个欧洲文艺复兴时期最完美的代表。他是一位思想深邃，学识渊博，多才多艺的画家、寓言家、雕塑家、发明家、哲学家、音乐家、医学家、生物学家、地理学家、建筑工程师和军
17、事工程师。Leonardo da VinciWorks from Leonardo da Vinci最后的晚餐蒙娜丽莎Michelangelo米开朗基罗,意大利文艺复兴时期伟大的绘画家、雕塑家、建筑师和诗人，文艺复兴时期雕塑艺术最高峰的代表，与拉斐尔桑西和达芬奇并称为文艺复兴后三杰。 1 米开朗基罗的代表作有大卫创世纪等。Works from Michelangelo大卫创世纪Raffaello Santi拉斐尔,意大利著名画家，也是“文艺复兴后三杰”中最年轻的一位，代表了文艺复兴时期艺术家从事理想美的事业所能达到的巅峰。他的性情平和、文雅，创作了大量的圣母像，他的作品充分体现了安宁、协调、和
18、谐、对称以及完美和恬静的秩序。Works from Raffaello 圣母子圣母子Rembrandt伦勃朗（Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn，1606年7月15日1669年10月4日）是荷兰17世纪最伟大的画家之一，也是世界美术史上最伟大的画家之一。 伦勃朗年少成名，但半生潦倒。他的作品在他在世时即享有盛名，几乎当时所有重要的荷兰画家都出自他的门下。伦勃朗的顶峰之作当属肖像画包括自画像以及取自圣经内容的绘画。Works from Rembrandt花神夜巡Para6 Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) T
19、he development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. T
20、he name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (克劳德莫奈)(1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene-the subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a detailed record of the scene itself.Q1: Where did the I
21、mpressionism emerge ?Q2:Where did the name of this new movement come from?Para7 While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (雷诺阿)(1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoirs paintings are full o
22、f light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.Q1: What did Renoirs paintings concentrate on? Q2: What are the characteristic of Renoirs paintings? Impressionism: (late 19th-early 20th C)Characteristics:Famou
23、s painters: Changes:convey light and movementNot detailedpainted nature/people/dailylifefull of light, shadow, colorMonet Renoirpainted nature and people by showing changes in lightClaude Monet莫奈,法国画家，被誉为“印象派领导者”，是印象派代表人物和创始人之一。光和影的色彩描绘是莫奈绘画的最大特色。Works from Claude Monet撑伞的女子睡莲公园的女人们日出Renoir雷诺阿,印象画派成
24、员之一。以油画著称，亦作雕塑和版画。代表作有： 包厢游船上的午餐小玛高脱像煎饼磨房的舞会等Works of Renoirs煎饼磨坊的舞会游船上的午餐indoorsoutdoorsPara8 After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, What do we do next? Painters such as Picasso(毕加索) (1881-1973tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubis
25、m. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality,but instead to ask the question, What is art? Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)Q: What did the artists do after impressionism?Modern
26、Art:Characteristics:Famous painters: Changes:cubism realistic but dream-likeabstract artPicassocubism/abstract (20thC-today)Picasso 毕加索，西班牙画家、雕塑家。西方现代派绘画的主要代表。他于1907年创作的亚威农少女是第一张被认为有立体主义倾向的作品，是一幅具有里程碑意义的著名杰作。Works from Picasso亚威农少女被钉十字架上的耶稣Works from Picasso窗前的桌子哭泣的女人Step 3 Post reading A western pa
27、inting show is on display. Suppose you are the staff of the gallery. Work in groups and try to do an introduction to the visitors. Each member introduce one section. (You have 5 minutes to discuss.)Step 4 Homework Try to write a short passage about Western art, which period of Western art do you like most? why are you fond of it?
