1、第 1 页 共 8 页广广 西西 民民 族族 大大 学学20172017 年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A 卷科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语考生须知考生须知1答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。2答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。3交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证） 。否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。Part I. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: The
2、re are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to eachquestion. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. After people have learned that magnets attract things, centuries passed _ they took note of the factthat magnets sometimes also repel things.A. beforeB. untilC. a
3、fterD. since2. Most of North America receives _ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid andsemiarid Southwest.A. moisture to sustain sufficientB. sufficient moisture to sustainC. to sustain sufficient moistureD. sufficient to sustain moisture3. _ industries, inventions, and communal e
4、ndeavors of the Shakers, the best known is their finefurniture.A. Of the manyB. Their manyC.Are the manyD. Many of the4.Acondenser is a heat exchanger _ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.A. whatB. in whichC. in whoseD. that5. Settled by English Puritans in 1630, Boston became _.A.
5、 so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyB. the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capitalC. it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyD. the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony6. The scents of the flowers was_ to us by the breeze.A. interceptedB. detestedC. saturatedD. wafted7. If
6、you_ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weak, for example byadding water to it.A. adulterateB. moor第 2 页 共 8 页C. vaccinateD. sue8. Government loan have been the_ of several shaky business companies.A. tornadoB. salvationC. delinquencyD. momentum9. She made shorthand
7、notes which she later _.A. inscribedB. describedC. prescribedD. transcribed10. He gave me an_ either Mary have to leave, or me.A. ulcerB. underdogC. ultimatumD. underworld11. _ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.A. There wasB. SinceC. BeingD. There being12. I have never been to
8、 London, but that is the city_.A. where I like to visit mostB. Id most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where Id like most to visit13. The experiment requires more money than _.A. has been put inB. being put inC. have been put inD. to be put in14. Fat cannot change into muscle _muscle
9、changes into fat.A. no more thanB. any more thanC. no less thanD. much more than15. She managed to save _she could out of her wages to help her brother.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. what little moneyD. such little money16.Acinema was burnt out in north London last night. Police suspect _.A
10、. armpitB. arsenalC. arsonD. artifact17. She trimmed the _of the tulips before putting them in a vase.A. sprigB. spruceC. stakesD. stalks18. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_ he was warmly received.A. as suchB. such asC. as thatD. so that19. While most people would _at the pros
11、pect of so much work, Daniels seems to positively enjoy it.A. accentuateB. collateC. dehumanizeD. blanch20. Even as a girl, _to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.A. performing by Melissa wereB. Melissa knew that performing wasC. knowing that Melissas performances wereD.
12、 it was known that Melissas performances wereSection B:Proofreading and Error Correction (10 %)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of第 3 页 共 8 页ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it
13、.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Many witnesses concerning the Chinese have told the truth, but perhapsa few of them have succeeded in telling nothing but the truth, and no one of(21)them has ever told the whole truth. No single individual, whatever the extentof his knowledge, could by
14、 any possible know the whole truth about the(22)Chinese.The difficulty of comparing Chinese with Anglo-Saxons will be more(23)strongly felt by those who have attempted. To such it will soon become(24)evident that many things which seem “characteristic” of the Chinese aremerely Oriental traits; but i
15、n what extent this is true, each reader in the(25)light of his own experience must judge by himself.(26)It has been said that in the present stage of our intercourse with Chinesethere are three ways in which we can come to some knowledge of theirsocial lifeby the study of their novels, their ballads
16、, and their plays. Eachof these sources of information doubtless have its worth, but there is likewise(27)a fourth, more valuable than all of them combining, a source not open to every(28)one who wrote on China and the Chinese. It is the study of the family life of(29)the Chinese in their own homes.
17、As the topography of a district can be muchbetter understood in the country than the city, so it is with the characteristics(30)of the people.A foreigner may live in a Chinese city for a decade, and not gainas much knowledge of the interior life of the people as he can acquire by livingtwelve months
18、 in a Chinese village.Part II.Reading Comprehension (50 %)Section A(30 %)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decideon the best choice and writ
19、e your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 39 are based on the following passage.My Views on GamblingMost of life is a gamble. Very many of the things we do involve taking some risk in order to achieve asatisfactory result. We undertake a new job with no idea of the more indirect
20、consequences of our action.Marriage is certainly a gamble and so is the bringing into existence of children, who could prove sadliabilities. A journey, a business transaction, even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately intragedy. Perpetually we gambleagainst life, destiny, chance, the
21、 unknowncall the invisible opponentwhat we will. Human survival and progress indicate that usually we win.So the gambling instinct must be an elemental one. Taking risks achieve something is a characteristicof all form of life, including humanity.As soon as man acquired property, the challenge he ha
22、bitually issuedto destiny found an additional expression in a human contest. Early may well have staked his flint axe, hisbearskin, his wife, in the hope of adding to his possessions. The acquirement of desirable but non-essentialcommodities must have increased his scope enormously, while the risk o
23、f complete disaster lessened.第 4 页 共 8 页So long as man was gambling against destiny, the odds were usually in his favor, especially when heused common sense. But as the methods of gambling multiplied, the chances of success decreased. A wageragainst one person offered on average even chances and no
24、third party profited by the transaction. But assoon as commercialized city life developed, mass gambling become common. Thousands of people nowcompete for large prizes, but with only minute chances of success, while the organizers of gamblingconcerns enjoy big profits with, in some cases, no risk at
25、 all. Few clients of the betting shops, football pools,state lotteries, bingo sessions, even charity raffles, realize fully the flimsiness of their chances and the factthat without fantastic luck they are certain to lose rather than gain.Little irreparable harm results for the normal individual. Tha
26、t big business profits from the satisfactionof a human instinct is a common enough phenomenon. The average wage-earner, who leads a colorlessexistence, devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keeping alive with extraordinary constancy thedream of achieving some magic change in his life. Gambli
27、ng is in most cases a non-toxic drug againstboredom and apathy and many well preserve good temper, patience and optimism in dreary circumstances.A sudden windfall may unbalance a weaker, less intelligent person and even ruin his life. And the lure ofsomething for nothing as an ideal evokes criticism
28、 from the more rigidly upright representative of thecommunity. But few of us have the right to condemn as few of us can say we never gambleeven it is onlyinvesting a few pence a week in the firms football sweep or the church bazaar “lucky dip”.Trouble develops, however, when any human instinct or ap
29、petite becomes overdeveloped. Moderatedrinking produces few harmful effects but drunkenness and alcoholism can have terrible consequences.With an unlucky combination of temperament and circumstances, gambling can only become an obsession,almost a form of insanity, resulting in the loss not only of a
30、 mans property but of his self-respect and hisconscience. Far worse are the sufferings of his dependents, deprived of material comfort and condemned towatching his deterioration and hopelessness. They share none of his feverish excitement or the exhilarationof his rare success. The fact that he does
31、 not with to be cured makes psychological treatment of thegambling addict almost impossible. He will use any means, including stealing, to enable him to carry on. Itmight be possible to pay what salary he can earn to his wife for the family maintenance but this is clearlyno solution. Nothingeducatio
32、n, home environment, other interest, wise discouragementis likely torestrain the obsessed gambler and even when it is he alone who suffers the consequences , his disease is acruel one, resulting in a wasted, unhappy life.Even in the case of the more physically harmful of human indulgences, repressiv
33、e legislation oftenincrease the damage by causing more vicious activities designed to perpetuate the indulgence in secret. Onthe whole, though negative, gambling is no vice within reasonable limits. It would still exist in an idealsociety. The most we can hope for is control over exaggerated profits
34、 resulting from its businessexploitation, far more attention and research devoted to the unhappy gambling addict and the type ofeducation which will encourage an interest in so many other constructive activities that gambling itself willlose its fascination as an opiate to a dreary existence. It cou
35、ld be regarded as an occasional mildly excitinggame, never to be taken very seriously.31.According to the author, we gamble regardless of the risk, because weA. want to survive.B. usually win in the gamble.C. dont know the indirect consequences of the action.D. wish to achieve what may bring us sati
36、sfaction.32.The bringing into existence of children is also a gamble because they may第 5 页 共 8 页A. be mentally retarded.B. become our disappointment.C. go against us.D. become our opponents.33.According to the passage, we all take risk in gambling because we areA. born with the tendency of taking ri
37、sks.B. forced to achieve satisfactory result.C. obliged to achieve what we desire.D. born with the nature of achieving satisfaction.34. The gambling instinct, according to the author, is reinforced by humans desire toA. give up unnecessary property.B. add more to their material possession.C. get des
38、irable commodities.D. change their living conditions.35. Which of the following is true?A. If we dare to gamble, we will usually win.B. If we use common sense to gamble, we will usually lose.C. The luck is usually on our side so long as we have the confidence to change our fate.D. We all have the lu
39、ck to win the gamble if we use common sense.36. Which of the following is true?A. The more methods to gamble, the fewer the chances to succeed.B. Common sense plays a role in a gamble.C. The more methods there are, the less profit we will make.D. The more methods there are, the more chances for us t
40、o win a gamble.37. Who get profits from gambling activities with no risks?A. Those who organize the activities.B. Those who often go to state lotteries.C. Those who often go to football pools.D. Those who do not take so seriously.38. Many people would like to give away a small sum of money because t
41、hey constantly think the donationmayA. not affect their general income.B. bring them unexpected big sums of money.C. help them preserve their temper and patience.D. bring them some pennies from heaven.39.According to the author, gambling may lose its fascination if weA. create more chances.B. do not
42、 take it so seriously.C. organize more other activities.D. help develop an interest in other activities.Passage TwoQuestions 40 to 45 are based on the following passage.Russias new revolution in conservation第 6 页 共 8 页When naturalist Sergei Smirenski set out to create Russias first private nature re
43、serve since theBolshvik revolution, he knew that the greatest obstacle would be overcoming bureaucratic resistance.The Moscow State University professor has charted a steep course through a variety of foes, fromlocal wildlife service officials who covet his funding to government officials who saw mo
44、re value indevelopment than conservation. But with incredible dedication, and the support of a wide range ofinternational donors form Japan to the United States, the Murovyovka Nature Reserve has finally come intobeing.Founded at a small ceremony last summer, the private reserve covers 11000 acres o
45、f pristine wetlandsalong the banks of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. Here, amid forests and marshes encompassing avariety of microhabitats, nest some of the worlds rarest birdstall, elegant cranes whose numbers arecounted in the mere hundreds.The creation of the park marks a new approach to
46、 nature conservation in Russia, one that combinestraditional methods of protection with an attempt to adapt to the changing economic and politicalcircumstances of the new Russia.“There must be a thousand ways to save a wetland. It is time for vision and risk, and also hardpracticality,” wrote Jim Ha
47、rris, deputy director of the International Crane Foundation, a Wisconsin-basedorganization dedicated to the study and preservation of cranes, which has been a major supporter of theMurovyovka project.Dr. Smirenskis vision has been eminently down to earth. At every step, he has tried to involve local
48、officials, businessmen and collective farms in the project, giving them a practical, economic stakes in itssuccess. And with international support, he is trying to introduce new methods of organic farming that willbe more compatible with preserving the wetlands.40. The Murovyovka Nature Reserve came
49、 into being because ofA. Russian government officials.B. the International Crane Foundation.C. the determination of one man.D. an unrealistic dream.41. If one “charts a steep uphill course” (paragraph 2), oneA. expects an arduous journey.B. maps out a mountain trip.C. assumes that life will be uneve
50、ntful.D. sets himself a difficult goal.42. The preserved “pristine wetlands” mentioned in paragraph 3 areA. unspoiled.B. precious.C. immaculate.D. uncontaminated.43. The passage states that the Nature Reserve isA. an arid, uninhabited area.B. the only reserve in Russia.C. home to many different bird
