1、Express your opinions on sea explorationTo analyzes the arguments and evidence in the texts.To express your opinions on sea exploration.To learn to write an argumentative essay with the help of PEEL method.Should the sea be explored?Read the two texts and answer the questions. What is the text type
2、of the two passages? What are the three parts in argumentative essay?Argumentative essay.Argument, evidence, restatement/ recommendation/ a call to action.Read the two texts below and find the arguments and evidence in them.argument evidenceExploration causes pollution.Deepwater Horizon oil spill Pl
3、astic pollutionMining for resources is damaging.It hurts the Arctic.Burning fossil fuels adds to climate change.argument evidenceOverfishing is an issue.Whales and dolphins are hunted.Banned, but some countries still doing it.argument evidenceSea exploration is important for our future.Scientific re
4、search ships can help address important issues like climate change.Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better.New medicines, food resources and energy.Predict events such as earthquakes.argument evidenceWe need new resources for future development.Vast amounts of
5、resources may be under the sea and ice.Look at the two charts below and decide which one supports which text.Text 2Text 1In groups, discuss the following questions and take notes.1. What is your opinion about sea exploration? Do you agree with one argument more than the other?I think sea exploration
6、 is a wonderful idea, because even if there are no immediate rewards for it, to explore and find out more about our world is always a good thing.2. Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts? Why or why not?Yes, my opinion has changed. Before reading Text 1, I did not know that sea explora
7、tion could add to sea pollution, via deep sea drilling for example.3. Are there any other aspects of sea exploration not mentioned that you think are important?We do not know what we dont know; We need to explore the ocean so that we can better understand issues such as acidification which leads to
8、seawater to become more acidic, and how to fight these problems; Studying the ocean causes the creation of new technologies that can help us in other areas.1. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. 尽管早在尽管早在1982年就已禁止年就已禁止, 但有的
9、国家仍地无情地但有的国家仍地无情地“谋杀谋杀”这些聪明的动物。这些聪明的动物。 本本句是一个复合句。句是一个复合句。some countries are.是主句；是主句；although=though是从属连词，意为是从属连词，意为“虽然虽然;尽管尽管”，引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句。(1)用作连词用作连词表示表示“虽然虽然”，两者，两者大致大致同义，可同义，可换换用，只是用，只是 although 比比 though 更为正式。更为正式。Though/Although it was raining, we went outside.(2)用作副词用作副词although一般不用作一般不用
10、作副词，而副词，而 though 可用作可用作副词，且副词，且一一般放在句末般放在句末(不放在句首不放在句首)，意，意为为“可是；不过可是；不过”。Its hard work; I enjoy it though.(3)用于习语用于习语在在 as though(好像好像，仿佛仿佛)、even though(即使即使，纵然纵然)等固定等固定短语中不能用短语中不能用 although。He is an honest man, I must say, even though I dont like him.(4)用于倒装用于倒装though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式引导的让步状语从句可用部
11、分倒装的形式(注意：倒注意：倒装装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但，但 although 一般不这一般不这样用。样用。Child though he was, he did quite well.【语境应用语境应用】语法填空。语法填空。1) We will try our best to make it _ though it is hard work. 2) He nodded _ though he knew everything about it.evenasmercy n. if someone shows mercy they choose to for
12、give or to be kind to someone who they have the power to hurt or punish 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠仁慈；宽恕；恩惠eg He showed no mercy to his enemies. 他他对敌人毫不仁慈。对敌人毫不仁慈。【归纳归纳】mercy短语短语at the mercy of 任任处置处置; 对对无能为力无能为力; 任由任由摆布摆布beg for mercy 恳请宽恕恳请宽恕 have mercy on/upon sb. 对某人表示怜悯对某人表示怜悯 show mercy to sb. 对某人表示怜悯对某人表示怜悯 wit
13、hout mercy 残忍残忍地，毫不留情地地，毫不留情地 merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽大的仁慈的；宽大的be merciful to/ towards sb 对某人仁慈对某人仁慈【语境应用语境应用】用适当的介词填空。用适当的介词填空。1) They showed mercy _ their enemies.2) The ship was _ the mercy of the storm.3) She got on her knees and begged _ mercy.onatfor2. The sea is home to life, not human beings poss
14、essions. 海洋海洋是生命的是生命的家园，而不是家园，而不是人类人类的私产的私产。 possession n. something that you own or have with you at a particular time 个人财产个人财产 if something is in your possession, you own it, or you have obtained it from somewhere 拥有；控制拥有；控制 eg He had sold all his possessions and left the country.The house has bee
15、n in the familys possession since the 1500s.be in possession of 拥有拥有（主语为人）（主语为人）be in the possession of (sb)= be in ones possession（某物）被（某物）被 （某人）拥有（某人）拥有come into ones possession 为某人所拥有为某人所拥有take / come into possession of 占有；拥有占有；拥有possess v. 占有，拥有；控制，占有，拥有；控制，支配支配【语境应用语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。根据汉语意
16、思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1) 这伙人被逮住了，人赃俱获。这伙人被逮住了，人赃俱获。 The gang was caught _ _ _ stolen goods.2) 离开宾馆时请记得随身携带好你的私人物品。离开宾馆时请记得随身携带好你的私人物品。 Please remember to take all your _ _ with you when you leave the hotel.3) Jack是是个好孩子，他有很多好品质。个好孩子，他有很多好品质。 Jack is a good boy and _ _ _ _.in possession of personal possessio
17、ns possesses many good qualitiesBased on your note, write an argumentative essay on sea exploration, expressing your opinions with supporting facts.1) The following questions may help you. What is the purpose of sea exploration? How does sea exploration help us to protect the sea? How does sea explo
18、ration cause damage to the sea? Is there a good balance between protection and exploitation?Point What point do you want to make?Evidence What facts and examples can you find to support your point? How reliable are the sources?Explanation Explain how the facts support your opinion and show other opi
19、nions to be incorrect.Link Connect this point to the next point, or back to the main point of the essay or paragraph.2) Use the PEEL method to help structure your argument.3) Write your draft and exchange it with a partner. Use the checklist to help each other revise the drafts.YesNoIs the point cle
20、ar enough?Are there any examples or facts that support the argument strongly?Is there any explanation on how the evidence supports the opinion?Are there some connectives linking one point to another?4) Get your feedback and revise your draft.审题审题定调定调1.确定确定体裁体裁:本次写作是一篇本次写作是一篇议论文，内容议论文，内容涉及海洋生物保护。涉及海洋
21、生物保护。2.确定确定人称人称:本文要用第三人称。本文要用第三人称。3.确定确定时态时态:时态以一般现在时为主时态以一般现在时为主。好词积累好词积累1. varieties of 各种各样各种各样的的2. die out 灭绝灭绝3. on the one hand.on the other hand 一方面一方面,另一方面另一方面4. as a matter of fact/ in fact/ actually 事实上事实上5. take measures 采取采取措施措施6. keep the balance of 保持保持的平衡的平衡7. make great efforts 努力努力高
22、级高级句式句式1. 众所周知，海底众所周知，海底有各种各样的资源。有各种各样的资源。(as引导的非引导的非限制性限制性 定语定语从句从句) As we all know, there are varieties of resources under the sea. 2.只有提高人们保护环境的意识只有提高人们保护环境的意识, 努力努力防止污染防止污染, 才能才能解决解决这个这个 问题问题。(倒装句倒装句) Only by raising peoples awareness of protecting the environment and making great efforts to pre
23、vent pollution can the problem be solved.Even though the oceans make up about 70% of the earths surface, more than 80% of the oceans remain unexplored. While some people say that we should not explore the oceans, their reasoning is not very sound. Exploring is not the same as exploiting. When we exp
24、lore a place. We go just to see and understand what is there.We should explore the ocean, first and foremost, because we do not know what we do not know. We thought we knew many about the ocean, but we were wrong. There could be life forms in the ocean, for example, that fit none of the neat categor
25、ies we have for life while we have no clue that they even exist.This brings up the second point. We already know many things about the ocean, but we need to learn more. A good example is ocean acidification.We know that it is causing coral to die. We know that using less fossil fuel would cause the
26、process to slow down. However, we need to learn more to find out how to stop it. We need more research to see what is going on, and to come up with plans and solutions.Finally, to do this research, we have to enter an extreme environment not very friendly to humans. This requires the development of
27、new technologies that can also benefit us in other areas. For example, in many ways, the deep ocean resembles outer space.The technologies can benefit each other. For another instance, the technology of a mechanical arm to collect samples with has been used in factories and development of artificial
28、 limbs for humans.All in all, there are many good reasons to explore the oceans. If we care about science, about protecting our oceans, and about developing new technologies, we need to do all we can to support ocean exploration.假定你是某假定你是某校的宣传校的宣传委员委员李华，应邀李华，应邀为学校网站英文版写一为学校网站英文版写一篇有关海洋生物保护的篇有关海洋生物保护
29、的文章，请根据以下要点文章，请根据以下要点写一篇短文。写一篇短文。1. 海洋受污染海洋受污染的现状的现状;2. 保护保护海洋的重要性。海洋的重要性。注意注意:1.词数词数100左右左右; 2.可适当增加可适当增加细节，以细节，以使文章连贯使文章连贯。The Importance of Protecting Our Oceans As we all know, there are varieties of resources under the sea. However, the past ten years has witnessed that some creatures have died
30、 out. Therefore, marine pollution has been greatly concerned by the whole world. On the one hand, we must make people realize the importance of protecting the ocean. As a matter of fact, to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. On the other hand, the government should take immediate measures to keep the balance of nature. In no way should we abandon protecting the environment. Only by raising peoples awareness of protecting the environment and making great efforts to prevent pollution can the problem be solved.
