1、Endress+Hauser 超声波基本原理超声波基本原理196919971985/8619931996First Nivosonic family withanalog evaluationProsonic DP1977- 84Birthyear of ultrasonicsNivosonic 19“ goes -processorProsonicFieldhousing withnew sensor generationFDU 8x- application parameters- heated sensors- 5 Relais- HART- RS 485Prosonic T- comp
2、act- 2 wire- Profibus PA- relayFDU 8x F- flange mounting- high resistance- 3 A1999FDU 86- 70 m / 230 ft- 150 C- patented driveProsonic M2002超声波超声波 350 000 应用应用压电晶体的效应压电晶体的效应交流电压以交变频率使石英晶体振荡交流电压以交变频率使石英晶体振荡单独石英晶体单独石英晶体在极化后由一个固定在极化后由一个固定的方向的方向12相同极性的电压相同极性的电压 - 石英晶体被压缩石英晶体被压缩 -3不同极性的电压不同极性的电压 - 石英晶体被膨
3、胀石英晶体被膨胀 -超声波的驱动技术超声波的驱动技术活塞型振荡器活塞型振荡器耦合型振荡器耦合型振荡器DAECB石英晶体石英晶体阻抗匹配层阻抗匹配层传感器体传感器体阻尼层阻尼层传感器衰减传感器衰减ADEBC曲线式振荡器曲线式振荡器23351144石英晶体石英晶体平板膜片平板膜片膜片振荡膜片振荡格栅格栅在格栅前的声音压力在格栅前的声音压力23451石英晶体石英晶体幅值幅值/ 平面转换平面转换 波峰波峰膜片膜片计数器配重计数器配重2345152e.g. Prosonic Te.g. DU 44/46e.g. FDU 86声速的效应声速的效应Air moisture0.3 % withchange i
4、nrelative moisturefrom 0 to 100 %Pressure change30 barchange in run timeapprox. 0.3 %温度温度0.17 %/c = c穧 R (273 + T)Mmc: velocity of sound m/sRm: universal gas constant (8314,3 J/k kmol)T: temperature : adiabatic indexc= = 344 m/s1.4 8314.3 (273 + 20)28.8贩c air at 20不相干的不相干的测量测量/ 补偿补偿蒸汽压力蒸汽压力 with one
5、 operating + set up philosophy明渠流量明渠流量 + ToF-Tool低成本的明渠测量低成本的明渠测量IP 68 / NEMA 6P菜单驱动的现场操作菜单驱动的现场操作ToF-Tool2- / 4- wireProsonic - Highlights远程操作与显示远程操作与显示通信通信PulseMaster 2.0现场显示回波曲线现场显示回波曲线Prosonic M / T in the markets2 / 4 wireATEXW/WWChemicalsStorageProcessBufferAgitatorSolids2 wire无防爆认证无防爆认证无通信无通信
6、For low cost price fights in W/WWwithout special requirements in com. or Ex certificates W/WWFTUpricePerformanceProsonic T 2 wire or relay max. Range 7 m price attractiveProsonic M 2 wire or 4 wire max. Range 15 m menue guided set up Envelope on display HART, PA , FF ToF ToolProsonic 4 wire separate
7、 instrumentation max. range 70 m up to 5 relays2 channels OCM preprogrammed W/WW features HART, DP, RS 485 CW IIFull range in UltrasonicsFTU 230FTU 231FMU 230FMU 231pricePerformanceFull range in UltrasonicsFMU/FTU 230/1FMU 40FMU 41FMU 43Where to use what in Ultrasonics ?liquids低档低档中档中档 高档高档 Prosonic
8、 T Prosonic MProsonic flat surface no fixed targets no agitator /condensation no communication no Ex price attractive Main industry W/WW turbulent surface fixed targets (ladder,.) agitators floodable Main industries: W/WW, Chemicals, . separate instrumentation relays counter OCM, W/WW features 2 cha
9、nnel, differential Main industries: W/WW, Chemicals, Food, .Where to use what in Ultrasonics ? Solids低档低档 高档高档Prosonic T FTU Prosonic MProsonic grain size 2.4 mm/ 0,1 in. up to 3,5 m / 11,4 ft Relay output price attractive grain size 2.4 mm/ 0,1 in. robust aluminium housing fixed target suppression
10、4 wire continuos, fast changes PA/FF, 4 - 20 mA up to 7 m / 23 ft grain size 2.4 mm/ 0,1 in. separate instrumentation excavator, crusher high vibrations, rough cond. up to 70 m / 230 ft Temp. up to 150 C中档中档 Prosonic M FMU 40 in a thickenerFoam surface and agitatorCompany: Waste water plant Weil, Ge
11、rmanyProduct: 污泥污泥Tank: 直径直径: 8 m / 26 ft 高度高度: 5 m / 16 ft Conditions: High humidity Condensation 搅拌器搅拌器: 1 round / 20 min.Prosonic M FMU 40 at a lift stationCompany: Waste water plant Weil, GermanyProduct: 水水量程量程: 4 mPumpcontrolInstallation since 7. Aug. 2001Prosonic M FMU 41 in a sludge storageCompany: Waste water plant Kammerforst, GermanyProduct: 污泥污泥Tank: 直径直径: 16 m 高度高度: 4 m 2 FMU 4x mounted since 22.08.01Replacement of hydrostatic
