1、CiteSpace Quick Guide 1.2Chaomei ChenDrexel UniversityEmail: chaomei.chencis.drexel.eduhttp:/cluster.cis.drexel.edu/cchen/citespaceCreated: 1.0. January 13, 2005Updated: 1.1. April 2, 2005; 1.2. July 2, 2005Outline0. Glossary1.Where to get a copy of CiteSpace?2.How to prepare data files?3.What infor
2、mation in bibliographic data is used by CiteSpace?4.Getting started with CiteSpace5.What types of networks can CiteSpace produce?6.Fine tune configurations7.Interact with visualized networks8.Control visual attributes9.The use of Pathfinder10. EM clustering11. Further reading12. Resource Links0. Glo
3、ssary 字典Betweenness centrality a metric of a node in a network that measures how likely an arbitrary shortest path in the network will go through the node.中介中心性Burst terms single or multi-word phrases extracted from the title, abstract, or other fields of a bibliographic record and the frequency of
4、the term bursts, i.e. sharply increases, over a period of time.Citation an instance that a publication references to another publication.Citation half-life the number of years that a publication receives half of its citations since its publication. Citation tree-rings outwards growing rings of a nod
5、e to depict its time series of citations. The thickness of a ring is proportional to the citations in the corresponding year.Cluster view a network is visualized in a modified spring-embedder node placement algorithm.Co-authors authors who appear in the author field of the same bibliographic record.
6、Co-citation an instance in which two items, such as authors, documents, or journals, that are cited by a publication.Color map a spectrum of colors used by CiteSpace to depict temporal order of observations.EM clustering Expectation Maximization (EM) clustering nodes based on various attributes such
7、 as citations, citation half-life, and betweenness centrality. The use of temporal attributes can help the visualization of emerging trends.MeSH terms Medical Subject Heading terms are a set of controlled vocabulary compiled by the National Library of Medicine. CiteSpace shows MeSH terms assigned to
8、 nodes if there are matches in PubMed.Pathfinder network scaling a network scaling algorithm that removes links that violate triangle inequality conditions so as to simplify a network by retaining salient links and paths only.Pivotal points see Turning points.Publication types study design types ext
9、racted from PubMed for clinical trial studies, including meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials.Spotlight visualized networks rendered by fading out links that are not connecting pivotal points.Thresholds selection criteria used by CiteSpace items must have measures above threshold values to b
10、e included in modeling and visualization processes.极限Time slicing a divide-and-conquer strategy that divides a period of time into a series of smaller windows.时间片Time-zone view a restricted view in which the movement of nodes is limited to vertical time zones corresponding to the time of their publi
11、cation.Turning points nodes of high betweenness centralities ( 1.00). Such nodes tend to be critical in network transitions from one time slice to another.1. Access/Obtain CiteSpaceTwo Ways to Run CiteSpace1.Java WebStartUsing Java WebStart ensures you are always using the latest version because the
12、 link always points to the most recent version.2. Download the citespace.jar, which is identical to what you launch with WebStart. Make sure the file is saved as citespace.jar All versions are currently set to expire in 3-6 months to ensure only the latest versions are in use. If you need a non-expi
13、red version, feel free to let me know and I will send you one.1.Use Java WebStart directly2.Download citespace.jar12122. Prepare Bibliographic Data FilesISI Export FormatSample data files are available from the CiteSpace homepage.Retrieving Data from the Web of Science1.Make a general search in Web
14、of Science2.Mark all search results3.Save the records, including Cited References, in field tagged format.4.Name your files as download*.txt1.E.g. downloadScience1999a.txt, download2004.txt5.Save all data files in a folder on your computer.Search in Web of Science - 1Search in Web of Science - 2Sear
15、ch in Web of Science - 3Search in Web of Science - 4Search in Web of Science - 5download*.txt3. What information in bibliographic data is used by CiteSpace?CiteSpace uses the following info of a bibliographic recordA: AuthorsB: Title, Descriptors, Identifiers, AbstractC: Cited ReferencesD: Times Cit
16、edE: Year of Publication BLAZER DG, 1994, AM J PSYCHIAT, V151, P979 EATON L, 2001, NY TIMES 1116, A1 FOTHERGILL A, 1999, DISASTERS, V23, P156 FULLERTON CS, 1999, AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD, V70, P902 GINEXI EM, 2000, AM J COMMUN PSYCHOL, V28, P495 GOENJIAN AK, 2001, AM J PSYCHIAT, V158, P788 GREEN BL, 199
17、0, J APPL SOC PSYCHOL, V20, P1033 HANSON RF, 1995, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V63, P987 HARVEY AG, 1999, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V67, P985 KAWACHI I, 2001, J URBAN HEALTH, V78, P458 KESSLER RC, 1995, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V52, P1048 KILPATRICK DG, 1987, CRIME DELINQUENCY, V33, P479 MADAKASIRA S, 1987, J NERV
18、MENT DIS, V175, P286 MAZURE CM, 2000, AM J PSYCHIAT, V157, P896 NORTH CS, 1999, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V282, P755 ORTEGA AN, 2000, AM J PSYCHIAT, V157, P615 POLE N, 2001, J NERV MENT DIS, V189, P442 RESNICK H, 1999, J ANXIETY DISORD, V13, P359 RESNICK HS, 1993, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V61, P984 ROTHBAUM
19、 BO, 1992, J TRAUMA STRESS, V5, P455 RUBONIS AV, 1991, PSYCHOL BULL, V109, P384 RUEF AM, 2000, CULTURAL DIVERSITY E, V6, P235 SHAH B, 1997, SUDAAN USERS MANUAL SHALEV AY, 1998, AM J PSYCHIAT, V155, P630 SHALEV AY, 2000, J CLIN PSYCHIAT S5, V61, P33 SHERBOURNE CD, 1991, SOC SCI MED, V32, P705 SHORE J
20、H, 1989, J NERV MENT DIS, V177, P681 TUCKER P, 2000, J BEHAV HEALTH SER R, V27, P406NR 32TC 179PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJMPI WALTHAMPA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USASN 0028-4793J9 N ENGL J MEDJI N. Engl. J. Med.PD MAR 28PY 2002VL 346IS 13BP 982EP 987PG 6SC Medi
21、cine, General & InternalGA 534UYUT ISI:000174608600006ER11, 2001, was unprecedented in the United States. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of acute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among residents of Manhattan five to eight weeks after the attacks. Methods: We used rando
22、m-digit dialing to contact a representative sample of adults living south of 110th Street in Manhattan. Participants were asked about demographic characteristics, exposure to the events of September 11, and psychological symptoms after the attacks. Results: Among 1008 adults interviewed, 7.5 percent
23、 reported symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of current PTSD related to the attacks, and 9.7 percent reported symptoms consistent with current depression (with current defined as occurring within the previous 30 days). Among respondents who lived south of Canal Street (i.e., near the World Trade C
24、enter), the prevalence of PTSD was 20.0 percent. C1 New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Natl Crime Victims Res & Treatment Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Schulman Ronca &
25、Bucuvalas, New York, NY USA. Bellevue Hosp Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA.RP Galea, S, New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban EpidemiolStudies, Rm 556,1216 5th Ave, New York, NY 10029 USA.CR 2001, NY TIMES 1226, B2 *AM PSYCH ASS, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT *DEP HLTH HUMAN SE, 1999, MENT HLTH REP SURG G *US BUR CE
26、NS, 2000, STF3A DEP COMM BUR CAU Galea, S Ahern, J Resnick, H Kilpatrick, D Bucuvalas, M Gold, J Vlahov, DTI Psychological sequelae of the September 11 terrorist attacks in New York City.SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINELA EnglishDT ArticleID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURV
27、EY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; NATURAL DISASTER; SOCIAL SUPPORT; OKLAHOMA- CITY; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; SURVIVORS; SYMPTOMSAB Background: The scope of the terrorist attacks of SeptemberABCDE11, 2001, was unprecedented in the United States. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of acute post-traumat
28、ic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among residents of Manhattan five to eight weeks after the attacks. Methods: We used random-digit dialing to contact a representative sample of adults living south of 110th Street in Manhattan. Participants were asked about demographic characteristics, exposu
29、re to the events of September 11, and psychological symptoms after the attacks. Results: Among 1008 adults interviewed, 7.5 percent reported symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of current PTSD related to the attacks, and 9.7 percent reported symptoms consistent with current depression (with current
30、 defined as occurring within the previous 30 days). Among respondents who lived south of Canal Street (i.e., near the World Trade Center), the prevalence of PTSD was 20.0 percent. AU Galea, S Ahern, J Resnick, H Kilpatrick, D Bucuvalas, M Gold, J Vlahov, DTI Psychological sequelae of the September 1
31、1 terrorist attacks in New York City.SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINELA EnglishDT ArticleID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; NATURAL DISASTER; SOCIAL SUPPORT; OKLAHOMA- CITY; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; SURVIVORS; SYMPTOMSAB Background: The scope of th
32、e terrorist attacks of Septemberco-authorshipco-occurring burst termsABBBCR 2001, NY TIMES 1226, B2 *AM PSYCH ASS, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT *DEP HLTH HUMAN SE, 1999, MENT HLTH REP SURG G *US BUR CENS, 2000, STF3A DEP COMM BUR C BLAZER DG, 1994, AM J PSYCHIAT, V151, P979 EATON L, 2001, NY TIMES 1116
33、, A1 FOTHERGILL A, 1999, DISASTERS, V23, P156 FULLERTON CS, 1999, AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD, V70, P902 GINEXI EM, 2000, AM J COMMUN PSYCHOL, V28, P495 GOENJIAN AK, 2001, AM J PSYCHIAT, V158, P788 GREEN BL, 1990, J APPL SOC PSYCHOL, V20, P1033 HANSON RF, 1995, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V63, P987 HARVEY AG, 19
34、99, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V67, P985 KAWACHI I, 2001, J URBAN HEALTH, V78, P458 KESSLER RC, 1995, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V52, P1048 KILPATRICK DG, 1987, CRIME DELINQUENCY, V33, P479 MADAKASIRA S, 1987, J NERV MENT DIS, V175, P286 MAZURE CM, 2000, AM J PSYCHIAT, V157, P896 NORTH CS, 1999, JAMA-J AM MED AS
35、SOC, V282, P755 ORTEGA AN, 2000, AM J PSYCHIAT, V157, P615 POLE N, 2001, J NERV MENT DIS, V189, P442 RESNICK H, 1999, J ANXIETY DISORD, V13, P359 RESNICK HS, 1993, J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH, V61, P984 ROTHBAUM BO, 1992, J TRAUMA STRESS, V5, P455 RUBONIS AV, 1991, PSYCHOL BULL, V109, P384 RUEF AM, 2000, C
36、ULTURAL DIVERSITY E, V6, P235 SHAH B, 1997, SUDAAN USERS MANUAL SHALEV AY, 1998, AM J PSYCHIAT, V155, P630 SHALEV AY, 2000, J CLIN PSYCHIAT S5, V61, P33 SHERBOURNE CD, 1991, SOC SCI MED, V32, P705 SHORE JH, 1989, J NERV MENT DIS, V177, P681 TUCKER P, 2000, J BEHAV HEALTH SER R, V27, P406document co-
37、citation author co-citation journal co-citation ACA/DCA/JCACNR 32TC 179PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJMPI WALTHAMPA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USASN 0028-4793J9 N ENGL J MEDJI N. Engl. J. Med.PD MAR 28PY 2002VL 346IS 13BP 982EP 987PG 6SC Medicine, General & Internal
38、GA 534UYUT ISI:000174608600006ERDE4. Get started with CiteSpace2356789optionalrequiredGetting started with CiteSpace: 1. New Users: take green steps only.2. Experienced Users: take both green and yellow steps.41011optionalrequiredSelect the folder where your data is located, but do NOT get into the
39、folder.Press the GO! Button.Main windowVisualization window5. Choose Network AnalysisAuthor Co-Citation Analysis (ACA)Document Co-Citation Analysis (DCA)Journal Co-Citation Analysis (JCA)Co-AuthorsCo-TermsACADCACo-AuthorshipJCACo-Term(Burst)6. Fine Tune ConfigurationsSince no data in 1985-1987, adju
40、st the scope of the overall time frame in the time slicing panel.Control # nodes by adjusting 3-point citation thresholds in the thresholding panel. The rest thresholds are interpolated.Control # links by adjusting 3-point citation thresholds in the thresholding panel. The rest thresholds are interp
41、olated.7. Interact with Visualized NetworkszoomVisualized NetworkSummary of selected nodesMeSH Subject Headings in retrieved resultspanesearchSelect A Single NodeSingle Click: LabelDouble Click: Details in TableSelect A Group of NodesSearch within Visual8. Control visual attributesHow many nodes and
42、 links in the network?9. The Use of PathfinderPathfinder network scaling reduces the number of links. Only the most salient links can survive the pruning.Salient links are determined by triangle inequality tests against all q-link paths.10. EM Clustering11. Further ReadingChen, C. (Forthcoming) Cite
43、Space II: Detecting and visualizing emerging trends and transient patterns in scientific literature. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. Chen, C. (2004) Searching for intellectual turning points: Progressive Knowledge Domain Visualization. Proceedings of the Natio
44、nal Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 101 (Suppl. 1), 5303-5310 Fulltext | PDF Chen, C. (2004) Information Visualization: Beyond the Horizon. Springer. 2nd ed. ISBN: 1-85233-789-3. Chen, C. (2003) Mapping Scientific Frontiers: The Quest for Knowledge Visualization. Springer
45、. ISBN: 1-85233-494-0. 1. Chen, C. (2005) Top 10 unsolved information visualization problems. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 25(4), 12-16. http:/puter.org/portal/cms_docs_cga/cga/content/Promo/promo2.pdf2. Allendoerfer K, Aluker S, Panjwani G, Proctor J, Sturtz D, Vukovic M, and Chen C. (2
46、005) Adapting the cognitive walkthrough method to assess the usability of a knowledge domain visualization. InfoVis 2005. Forthcoming.3. Chen C and Chen Y. (2005) Searching for clinical evidence in visual context. AMIA 05. Forthcoming.4. Synnestvedt MB, Chen C, and Holmes JH.(2005) CiteSpace II: Vis
47、ualization and knowledge discovery in bibliographic databases. AMIA 05. Forthcoming.5. Chen, C., Panjwani, G., Proctor, J., Allendoerfer, K., Kuljis, J., Aluker, S., Sturtz, D., Vukovic, M. (2005) Visualizing the evolution of HCI. Proc. of HCI 2005. Edinburgh, Scotland. September 2005. Springer. For
48、thcoming.6. Synnestvedt, M. and Chen, C. (2005) Design and evaluation of the tightly coupled perceptual-cognitive tasks in knowledge domain visualization. Proc. of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCII 2005). Las Vegas, Nevada. July 22-27, 2005. Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc
49、iates. 7. Chen, C., Chen, Y., Maulitz, R. C. (2005) Understanding the evolution of NSAID: A knowledge domain visualization approach to Evidence-Based Medicine. Proc. of the 9th International Conference on Information Visualization (IV 05), July 2005. London. 8. Chen, C. (2005) Measuring the movement
50、 of a research paradigm (Invited Paper). Visualization and Data Analysis (VDA 2005). San Jose, CA. Jan. 17-18, 2005. SPIE. pp. 63-76. 9. Chen, C. (2005) The centrality of pivotal points in the evolution of scientific networks Intl Conf. on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI 2005). San Diego, CA. Janua
