1、 Urban Agriculture Warming-upReading comprehensionGrammatical exercisePost-ReadingTeaching Procedure Warming-up In groups of four,discuss what is shown in each of the following photos.Warming-up1.Outside a private residential house,the family plant pumpkins.2.Fresh vegetable“kohlrabi”(苤蓝)is produced
2、 in a community and sold in a market.3.In a greenhouse,the technician of a forestry company is showing her seedlings in cultivation.4.A woman is collecting seeds in a seedling nursery in Vancouver.Warming-up In groups of four,discuss what is shown in each of the following photos.Warming-up1.Forestry
3、 students of Toronto University are learning from a farm technician.2.Fish just out of water are waiting for citizen buyers.3.Camping with a camper(露营用房车)and modern equipments in a suburban forest.4.A wind turbine is installed to generate electric power for family-run farming.Warming-up In groups of
4、 four,discuss what is shown in each of the following photos.Warming-up 1.The park is returned from farmland voluntarily by citizens to maintain better ecology,similar to China national key program“conversion of cropland to forests”(退耕还林项目).Although it is not the UA itself,it shows the primary concep
5、tion of ecological conservation in UA.In addition,the standard sign is made by local government to indicate a tourist site:“Beachfront Park,Bay Ridges Neighbourhood”.Warming-up2.New stems have grown from a broken huge trunk debris of several hundred years.The primitive forest is located in Vancouver
6、.3.A small dock for launching tourist boats to cruise the lake or enjoy performance on the opposite side of the lake in a city farm.4.A squirrel is climbing tree in a lawn in farmland.Warming-upcrop cultivationcrop cultivationWarming-upanimal husbandryanimal husbandryaquacultureaquaculturehorticultu
7、rehorticultureagro-forestryagro-forestryWarming-up What is“urban agriculture”?With a partner,give your own definition.Urban agriculture is the practice of cultivating,processing and distributing food in,or around(peri-urban),a village,town or city.Urban agriculture in addition can also involve anima
8、l husbandry,aquaculture,agro-forestry and horticulture.Warming-upReading Comprehension approachmediaremnant typifyorganicmegacityremnantinitiativeinfrastructuretherapy Horticulturehorticulturalhydroponicsustainablediversifyphilosophypeataccess toconversion to local sourcingGross Domestic ProductInte
9、grated Pest Managementprice discriminationecological footprintsliding subscription scalevocabularyscanning1.Is the writers attitude towards the food industry positive or negative?2.What is the current state of food industry?positive.(Pa.1:around 40%,significant contribution Pa.2:high productivity Pa
10、.5:of particular importance to communities in East London)enterprises,size,model of production,sale(Pa.2：covers an area of,high productivity,automated,hydroponic,peat,artificial fertilizers,pesticide,IPM,energy,wholesalers and supermarkets)3.What are possible functions of this London remnant?to buil
11、d a more sustainable system and to further develop in a comprehensive way(Pa.3：provide,to redevelop,modify,and diversify the industry,further improvements,technology,IPM,conversion to organic,sustainable,social enterprises,local London markets,restaurants,co-ops,utilise existing infrastructure to ch
12、ange the modes)4.What is the producers philosophy that is attributed to their lives?5.What does the phrase food poverty mean?more than simply a way to make money(Pa.4)problems in the availability of,and access to,affordable,fresh food(Pa.5)1.What is the increasing difficulty in London and how many p
13、eople will be involved?2.What will cover the surface of London and why is it an ecological footprint?Detail reading Insufficient food for 10 million people in the big city.Crops(grain,fruit and vegetables)will be planted in London as the industry of UA.When the sustainable way of natural resources,s
14、uch as farmland and water,etc.are managed for peoples consumption and their waste is dealt with for absorption by high technology,it is called ecological footprint.In London nearly 40%of crops(2.4 million tons)will be grown on the land as large as 125 times more than that before and 883,000 tons of
15、organic waste will be produced per year to maintain ecological development.3.What happened to the Lea Valley region in previous years and what were the reasons?Is the region comparatively rich or poor compared to other parts of London and how can you know?4.To what does under glass refer?5.Do you th
16、ink the products are green?Detail reading The Lea Valley region was comparatively poor in economy and crops were well planted there once.But then the farmland decreased because of the two world wars and international imports.The crops are cultivated in greenhouses.Generally yes,because most of the m
17、aterials for cultivation are safe except artificial fertilizer and pesticide at a low level to reach IPM standards.6.The dictionary definition of a remnant is a remaining small part of something.What does remnant refer to in the context of the article?7.What has been expressed by could in paragraph
18、3?8.Can you replace a response to crises by a phrase in the text?Detail readingA small piece of farmland.The writers suggested ideal panorama to run UA with sustainable and ecological considerations.But they are only proposals without much evidence as supporting points.coping strategy9.What was the
19、actual reaction indicated by the word response in the text?10.Which aspects of UA,besides motivation and life philosophy,are covered in the paragraph?What do these aspects show?List the benefits produced by UA.Detail readingGrowing crops to overcome crises.Problems in management,finance,social and e
20、nvironmental objectives.The aspects show that administration of UA industry is very complicated.They are profit earning,recreation or enjoyment,therapy,fresh fruit and vegetables,food security,food nutrition,and food availability.Cities do need UA,in which way does UA benefit cities?Post-reading1.Fo
21、od security:(fresh,nutritious,safe)2.Economic and social:Employment and income3.Energy efficiency:save transportation cost4.Ecological environment:soil contamination,improving the air quality,landscaping,land resources5.Recreation:Post-readingXiaotangshan high-tech agriculture park Post-readingBeizh
22、ai village About 180 households in Beizhai village are participating in agro-tourism.The tourist services include a place to stay,traditional meals,folk culture,horse riding,fishing,and farm life.The annual income($3,000-4,400 per household)65%is from agro-tourism.Post-readingCrab Island(Xiedao)Crab
23、 Island was founded in 1998 as a production and sales point of crabs.It covers 200 ha,of which 90%land for agriculture and 10%for tourism.Visitors enjoy fishing,local food,picking-up fruits and vegetables,and water sports.Post-readingGrammatical exercise 1）Present,past and perfect tenses show certai
24、nty.Although the periods of time when a situation exists or an event occurs are different,the tenses play the same function to show the actually true fact.2）When can or will is used,the statement is of predicted certainty,but can is at a slightly lower degree than will.3）The auxiliary verbs could an
25、d may express certainty at a lower degree.Be careful with maybe,which is an adverb to indicate less certainty in spoken language.4）The auxiliary verbs might and would are listed at the least degree of certainty.Grammar Notes:It is important to use the English expressions conveying subtle meanings ab
26、out certainty.It is suggested(meaning“not very certain”!)that our Chinese learners are not sensitive to those because Chinese is different in this function.Grammar GrammarCertainTentativeindicate that,present,are marginalized,are conducted,are beginning to incorporate,have foreseen,have been rising,
27、waswill decreasecan increase,can be and help,can providecould provide,could utilise,may be,is possibly,It is possible thatmight allow,would decrease if they put to work 100%sure:indicate,show 95%sure:cant be,couldnt be,couldnt have been,cant have been,will do/be,be going to be 90%sure:must be,must n
28、ot be,must have been,must not have been 80%sure:should do,ought to do 50%sure:dont know for certain,perhaps,may not be,may have been,may not have been 30%sure:could be,might not be,might have been,could have been,might not have been GrammarA.Urban forestry involves(refers to/is concerned with)forest
29、ry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy,culture,industry and business(commerce)are aggregated(clustered).Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy(clamorous)with deteriorating ecological environment.People living in such a crowded and
30、 narrow space suffer from a worsening physical quality.To develop urban forestry can beautify living places,purify air,reduce noise and adjust local climate(microclimate),so that the living quality of urban people can be improved.Generally,urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban envi
31、ronmental problems.TranslationB.社区的物质框架结构被称为它的基础设施。这些在城市里发挥作用的庞然大物可以被分为绿色和灰色两种。绿色结构是为乔木、灌木、草地所覆盖的区域，而灰色结构指建筑、道路、公用事业设备、停车场的所在。绿色结构是渗水的，土壤让水渗进去，自然地过滤掉污染物，然后水进入河流。灰色结构却不能穿透，它迫使水走向地面，入河之前一定要经过处理和清洁。作为城市绿色结构的树木，它们的作用和灰色结构不同，但尚无充分文字记载。由于树木没有量化的价值指标，因此没有把它们考虑进预算程序之中。城市绿色结构的大小、形态、方位可以被度量，它们在公用事业中发挥的作用可以进行准
32、确计算。尽管灰绿结构对一个城市都很重要，但利用土地尽力营造绿色结构的社区就能避免更多污染物，使运营成本效力更高，因此更宜居住。不过对于地方政府管理者来说，平衡灰色和绿色结构就成为一个很严重的挑战。TranslationThank You!Forestry ManagementWarming-upReading comprehensionGrammatical exerciseTeaching Procedure Warming-up How much do you know about forestry economics?With a partner,list the different a
33、spects involved and do not worry if your knowledge is limited at this stage.Warming-upForest economy is a term mainly concerned with the forest activities involved in forestry production and construction,and the procedures of forestry reproduction including production,allocation and circulation.It m
34、ay involve many aspects such as forest cultivation,the production and processing of timber and many non-wood forest products,green biotechnology and ecological breeding,green ecological planting,northern medical material development,forest ecotourism etc.Warming-up Discuss the pictures below,which a
35、re all related to forestry economics.Warming-upWarming-upWhat do these pictures mean?How to express it in English?deforestationreclaim farmland from forest Warming-upWhat do these pictures mean?How to express it in English?afforestationreturn farmland to forestWarming-upHow does this project influen
36、ce local farmer s life?Warming-upReading Comprehension contractpilotshouldersupplement revenuesubsidyvan compact cararableassignbarrena small lot of forestland escalateintuitive residenceadobe lumberbirchcedareucalyptus a piece of cake amount to by no means cancel outecological deteriorationin full
37、swingmake ends meetwell offvocabularyscanning1.What attitude do farmers hold toward the Grain for Green project?How do you know this?2.What did the local government offer Zhao Liping as he got involved in the Grain for Green project?Farmers hold a positive attitude towards this project in that the p
38、roject has helped to improve their living conditions and better the environment.Pa.3.The local government offered subsidies and assigned a new forest to Zhao Liping and offered him subsidies.3.What does the phrase kick off(paragraph 8)mean?4.In the areas involved in the Grain for Green project,are t
39、rees planted on all kinds of land?Pa.8.The phrase“kick off”means“begin”informally.Pa.9.No.According to the passage,farmland with a slope of more than 25 degrees and seriously desertified land would be covered by trees.scanning1.What kind of life did farmers in Wenshan Village have before the Grain f
40、or Green project was carried out?2.Why werent Zhao Lipings living conditions improved noticeably after he worked on a piece of forestland 10 years ago?Detail reading Farmers led a poor life before the Grain for Green Project was carried out.Because the poor mountain paths made the cost of lumber and
41、 people movement extremely high,which cut off his income to almost nothing.3.What did Zhao Liping do with the subsidies?4.From the passage,list some examples of how the Grain for Green project has changed farmers lives.5.What might be the reason for the frequent flooding of the Yangtze and Yellow Ri
42、vers and the resultant serious soil erosion?Detail readingWith the subsidies,he and his family raised chickens,cultivated trees and bamboo.Farmers income has been increased.Many households in the village have moved into multiple storey houses.Most households own at least a mobile phone and plenty ha
43、ve bought motorcycles too.The escalated ecological deterioration.6.In which year was the Grain for Green project firstly conducted and when was it implemented across the country?7.What contributes to the conservation of water and soil according to the passage?8.Can you give other examples of the eco
44、logical effects of the Grain for Green project in Hongya County?Detail reading1999;2002.Better vegetation contributes to the conservation of water and soil.The air quality became better and Hongya County took on an entirely new look with the project and rural tourism prospers as a result.9.In total,
45、how much money had the central and local governments invested in Sichuan Province for the Grain for Green project by the end of 2009?Detail reading29 billion.Difficult sentence “If we were using the original broken paths,it would take an entire day to shoulder 25 kg fertilizer up.”如果还是原来的崎岖小路，扛上山50斤
46、的肥料要用一整天。本句表示与事实相反的虚拟语气。Subjunctive Mood条件句有两种，如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句：If he has time,he will come.If you havent finished your composition,you can hand it in tomorrow.如果是纯然假设的情况或是发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟语气。If I were you,I would reconsider their proposal.Grammatical exercise Notes The passive voice is grammatica
47、l construction(a voice)in which the subject of a sentence or clause denotes the recipient of the action rather than the performer.It is formed with an auxiliary verb(usually be or get)plus a participle(usually the past participle)of a transitive verb.1.Affirmative form be(am/is/are/was/were)+past pa
48、rticiple 2.Negative form be(am/is/are/was/were)+not+past participle 3.Question formbe(am/is/are/was/were)+the subject+past participle Grammar 随着人类社会的经济发展与文明进步，人们对森林的认识有了重大转变，社会对林业的需求也发生了很大的变化，森林维护与改善生态环境的功能在世界范围内得到了广泛的重视和关注。1992年联合国召开的环境与发展大会上以“赋予林业以首要地位”为最高级别的政治承诺，并特别强调“在世界最高级会议要解决的问题中，没有任何问题比林业更重要
49、了”，将林业问题提到前所未有的高度，这是世界文明发展史上一个重要的里程碑。Translation 随着人类社会的经济发展与文明进步，人们对森林的认识有了重大转变，社会对林业的需求也发生了很大的变化，森林维护与改善生态环境的功能在世界范围内得到了广泛的重视和关注。1992年联合国召开的环境与发展大会上以“赋予林业以首要地位”为最高级别的政治承诺，并特别强调“在世界最高级会议要解决的问题中，没有任何问题比林业更重要了”，将林业问题提到前所未有的高度，这是世界文明发展史上一个重要的里程碑。Translation 1.With the development of both economy and c
50、ivilization in human society,people have greatlygreatly improved their knowledge and understanding about forests.2.They therefore therefore have also dramatically dramatically changed their social demands for demands for forestry.3.As a result,3.As a result,more world attention has been more world a
