1、黑龙江省2019届高三上学期期中英语试题分类精选汇编：阅读理解1、【全国百强校】黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题AChina Train GuideQuick Guide on China Train TravelIf youre looking for an affordable and comfortable way to get around China, train travel is the way to go. Getting train information and cheap train tickets has never been easi
2、er. Online train ticket booking makes it easy for travelers to look through Chinas train timetable, compare train fares, and look for ticket availability. Once youve found a suitable train, you can book online and pick your tickets up at the train station or get them delivered to your home or hotel.
3、 Train tickets can be booked online a minimum of 35 minutes and a maximum of 60 days before departure.How to choose train typesWhen youre buying China train tickets online, youll notice that the journey duration differs depending on which type of train you choose. China train types can be recognized
4、 by their letter codes G, D and C trains are high-speed trains, while Z, T and K are slower or overnight trains. Chinas high-speed trains run between Chinese provincial capitals and first-tier Chinese cities. G trains (high-speed trains, standing for goti) are Chinas bullet trainsthe fastest trains
5、with a maximum speed of 400 kmh. Tickets for these trains are the most expensive.How to buy train ticketsUnless you can read Chinese, there are only two ways to make train reservations in China:Online train ticket booking with a travel agency (up to 60 days before departure).At the train stationloca
6、l ticket agency with your passport (up to 58 days before departure).How to read train ticketsWhen reading your train ticket, please take note of the Chinese characters and Pinyin printed next to your departure / arrival city. Directions (North, South, East, and West) appear in Pinyin (Bei, Nan, Dong
7、, and Xi), not English. Please make sure you are going to the correct train station.21. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Its difficult to get train information in China.B. You can get on the train without tickets after booking online.C. Travelling by train in China is not very expensive
8、.D. Train tickets online are available at any time within 60 days before you leave.22. If Mr. Smith needs to travel from Jinan to Beijing for something urgent, hed better take _.A. G trains B. Z trains C. D trains D. Overnight trains23. Who are the intended rea
9、ders of the passage?A. Native tourists. B. Travel agencies. C. Foreign travelers. D. Businessmen.【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C【分析】本文为广告类文章。本文是给外国游客的中国的火车指南。主要介绍了在中国如何看火车指南，如何选择列车类型，如何购买火车票以及如何看火车票。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If youre looking for an a
10、ffordable and comfortable way to get around China, train travel is the way to go.”可知，火车旅行是一能负担的起的旅行方式。“能负担的起”即“不贵”故C是正确的， 根据Getting train information and cheap train tickets has never been easier. 可知，获取火车信息和买便宜的火车票从来都不容易，而不是“很难得到火车信息”，故A是错误的。根据Online train ticket booking makes it easy for travelers
11、to look through Chinas train timetable, you can book online and pick your tickets up at the train station or get them delivered to your home or hotel.可知在网上订票后还要取票上车的，故B是错误的。根据Train tickets can be booked online a minimum of 35 minutes and a maximum of 60 days before departure可知，你可以最多提前60天买票，但不是任何时候都能
12、买到，故D是错误的。综合可知B正确。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第二个小标题How to choose train types中的倒数第二句G trains (high-speed trains, standing for goti) are Chinas bullet trainsthe fastest trains with a maximum speed of 400 kmh.可知“G列车（高速列车，代表goti）是中国的子弹头列车最高时速400公里，速度最快的列车。” 所以如果史密斯先生需要从济南到北京去办急事，他最好乘G trains 。分析选项可知A正确。【23题详解】推理判断题
13、。根据最后的小标题How to read train tickets中的最后一段When reading your train ticktrainset, please take note of the Chinese characters and Pinyin printed next to your departure / arrival city. Directions (North, South, East, and West) appear in Pinyin (Bei, Nan, Dong, and Xi), not English. Please make sure you ar
14、e going to the correct train station. “当你看火车票时，请注意在你出发或到达城市旁边的汉字和拼音。方向是用拼音标记的 ，而不是英语。请确定你要去正确的火车站”。由此可知，本段提醒乘客说要注意火车票上的到达的城市的方向旁边的是汉字和拼音，而不是英语，可知本文是给外国的游客的。故选C项。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。其中的是非辨别型是阅读
15、中常考的类型之一。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。如第小题就属于细节理解中的是非判断题。本题是“三误一正”。根据第一段中的“If youre looking for an affordable and comfortable way to get around China, train travel is the way to go.”可知，火车旅行是一种能负担的起的方式，“能负担的起”即“不贵”故C是正确的， 根据Getting train information and cheap tr
16、ain tickets has never been easier. 可知，获取火车信息和买便宜的火车票从来都不容易，而不是“很难得到火车信息”，故A是错误的。根据Online train ticket booking makes it easy for travelers to look through Chinas train timetable, you can book online and pick your tickets up at the train station or get them delivered to your home or hotel.可知在网上订票后还要取票
17、上车的，故B是错误的。根据Train tickets can be booked online a minimum of 35 minutes and a maximum of 60 days before departure可知，你可以最多提前60天买票，但不是任何时候都能买到，故D是错误的。综合可知B正确。细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息，而是多处信息的整合。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时，一定要全面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳，切忌根据“一面之词”草率地作出结论。BWhen I was a boy there were no smart phones, computers were
18、 something you saw on STAR TREK, and our television only got one channel clearly. Still, I was never bored. The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playgrounds whose adventures were only limited by my imagination. I can remember once hiking to a nearby lake and slowly walkin
19、g around it. At the backside of it I was amazed to find an old, one lane, dirt road that I had never seen before. I immediately set out to travel it. It was full of muddy tire tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.I walked on and on for
20、what seemed like hours. I am sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear to turn around and head back home but I was stubborn and even a bit stupid, so I walked on. The dirt road gave way to a gravel one and then a paved one, yet there was still neither a car nor a house in sight. My legs were g
21、etting tired. I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew scared. I didnt want to end up trapped on this road in the dark of night, but I was sure it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again.I continued to walk on with the something growing inside of me. My heart
22、 was pounding and my legs were aching. I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance. It was a house that I recognized. My heart leapt up! I jumped up and down and laughed out loud. I knew the way home! It was still over a mile away but my legs felt like feathe
23、rs and I hurried back to my house in no time. I walked in with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner. Then I ended my adventure with a good nights sleep.I often thought of that experience recently. Actually, in our life, all roads, no matter how they twist and turn, can lead us home again.
24、They can lead us to our homes here on Earth. They can lead us to our homes in our hearts. May you always walk your path with love. May you always help your fellow travelers along the way. And may your roads always lead you Home again.24. Why did the author hardly feel bored when he was young?A. He c
25、ould watch TV all day. B. He could have fun in nature.C. He had many friends to play with. D. He used to explore the old dirt road.25. What does the underlined word “something” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. Doubt. B. Hope. C. Fear. &nb
26、sp;D. Courage.26. How did the author feel when he was exploring the dirt road?A. He was contradictory in mind. B. He was unconscious of danger ahead.C. He was worried to be trapped in the woods. D. He was afraid of being scolded by his parents.27. What may be the best title
27、 for the passage?A. Every Effort Is Worthwhile B. All Roads Lead HomeC. Be Determined in Your Life D. Be Brave to Explore【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己童年时期的快乐的时光。并通过童年经历的一件事告诉我们：所有的路最终都是回家的路。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When I
28、 was a boy there were no smart phones, computersStill，I was never bored。The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playgrounds whose adventures were only limited by my imagination.” “当我还是个孩子的时候我也不觉得无聊。家附近的田野、山坡、林地都是极佳的玩耍场所”,可知，在童年时，作者可以到大自然中尽情地玩耍，所以不会觉得无聊。分析选项可知B项符合题意。【25题详解】猜测
29、词义题。根据第二段中的“I grew scared.”与第三段本词前的“I continued to walk onMy heart was pounding and my legs were aching，I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance It was a house that I recognized. My heart leapt up! I jumped up and down and laughed out loud. I knew the way
30、home! It was still over a mile away but my legs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my house in no time.”“我继续朝前走，心跳加速，双腿疼痛，那正是我认得的房子。我的心跳起来了！我找到回家的路！离这儿还有一英里多远，我的双腿感觉像羽毛上一样轻快，我立刻起赶到了家。”可推断出，由于天越来越黑了，作者一直未能找到回家的路，他的内心越来越恐惧了。由此可知，something在此是指的“恐惧（fear），故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I am sure my guar
31、dian angel was whispering in my ear to turn around and head back home but I was stubborn and even a bit stupid, so I walked on. I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance”“我相信守护我安全的小天使在我耳边低语，让我掉头回家，但我执拗，甚至显得有些愚蠢，依然执意往前走。”，由此可知，在探险之初，作者虽想放弃，但还是选择了继续走下去。由此可知，作
32、者在心里还是很矛盾的。分析可知A项符合题意，故选A。【27题详解】标题判断题。根据最后一段中的“Actually, in our life, all roads, no matter how they twist and turn, can lead us home again. They can lead us to our homes here on Earth. They can lead us to our homes in our hearts. May you always walk your path with love. And may your roads always le
33、ad you Home again.” 可知，在我们的生活中，所有的道路，不管它们如何曲折，都能带领我们再次回家。有的是回到地球上看得见摸得着的家，有的是回到心里的家。愿你的道路永远指引你回家。因此作者在最后强调的是“所有的路都能回家”。分析选项（A. Every Effort Is Worthwhile一切努力都是值得的；B. All Roads Lead Home所有的路都能回家；C. Be Determined in Your Life生活中要有决心； D. Be Brave to Explore勇于探索）。可知B项符合题意。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。这时许多同学立即翻阅词
34、典，查找词义。这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。例如第2小题词意猜测题。根据第二段中的“I grew scared.”与第三段本词前的“.I continued to walk onMy heart was pounding and my legs were aching，I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance”“我继续
35、朝前走，心跳加速，双腿疼痛，泪水几乎要夺眶而出，”可推断出，由于天越来越黑了，作者一直未能找到回家的路，他的内心越来越恐惧了，由此可知，something在此是指的“恐惧（fear）。CDrinks Have No WingsYou may have heard that “Red Bull gives you wings”. But while most people take the advertising slogan as a metaphor(隐喻), some Americans seem to have taken it very seriously.Benjamin Carea
36、thers had been drinking the drink for 10 years, expecting to at least feel more energetic, but nothing happened. Feeling fooled by the ad, he took the issue to court.In October, the Austria-based company agreed to pay $ 6.5 million (39.7 million yuan) to customers who have bought the drink since 200
37、2. People in the US can apply for a share through before March 2015.But is the case really that ridiculous?Red Bull said they had done nothing wrong and they only paid the money to save the cost and trouble of legal action.However, the suit(诉讼) told a different story. Even though there is no eviden
38、ce that Red Bull energy drinks provide more benefit for consumers than a cup of coffee, the company markets their products as a superior source of energy that costs little.“Such conduct means that Red Bulls advertising and marketing is not just puffery (吹捧) but is misleading and therefore actionable
39、 (可诉讼的) ,” the suit said.The company said that the drink could promote healthy joints and reduce the risk of eye diseases. However, according to the organization, the product contains a lot of sugar, which could actually lead to many health problems.Coca-Cola agreed to pay $ 1.2 million in compensat
40、ion in July. But to fully stop the company from linking the drink to health benefit, Truth in Advertising, another non-profit organization, took the issue to court again in late October.False advertisements have become a common problem around the world. China changed its consumer rights last y
41、ear to ban advertising companies and media from making or publishing false advertisements. Celebrities are also made responsible if they endorse (代言) false or substandard products.28. Faced with the suit, the Red Bull company decided to _.A. apologize to its customers and pay for their losses in hea
42、lthB. take full responsibility for the bad effects it has caused to its customersC. give no one but its American customers some money as a rewardD. spend some money to save the cost and trouble of legal action29. What benefits can people get, according to the Red Bull company?A. One can really fly l
43、ike birds, for it offers you wings.B. Drink it, and one can be forever energetic and young.C. As it contains a lot of sugar, it can make one more powerful.D. Healthy joints can be promoted if one takes this drink.30. It is implied in the passaged that _.A. in China more companies will be taken to co
44、urt for failing to live up to their promisesB. both Red Bull and Coca-Cola are now winning the consumers trust and respectC. Benjamin Careathers has benefited a great deal since he drank Red BullD. no puffery words have ever appeared in both Red Bull and Coca-Colas advertisements31. Many countries a
45、ttitude towards those false advertisements is likely to be _.A. Tolerant. B. Favorable. C. Unbearable. D. Indifferent.【答案】28. D 29. D 30. A 31. C【解析】本文为应用文。本文以“红牛”为例，告诉我们夸大其词做虚假宣传的商家会受到法律的严惩。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段的内容Red Bull
46、 said they had done nothing wrong and they only paid the money to save the cost and trouble of legal action可知，红牛公司认为自己没有做错，他们只是花钱来挽回损失和处理法律诉讼的问题，因此可知D项符合题意。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第八段中的“The company said that the drink could promote healthy joints and reduce the risk of eye diseases.”可知，公司声称红牛饮料可以使关节更加健康，降低
47、患眼病的风险。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第九和十段可知，可口可乐公司因夸大饮料的功效而受到惩罚，而现在世界范围内虚假广告已成为一个严重的问题，中国政府也调整法律来禁止公司做虚假广告宣传，连代言的明星都要承担法律责任。由此可推断出，将来会有更多夸大其词的公司被告上法庭的，因此选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。阅读全文可知，政府和很多机构都在对做虚假宣传的公司进行监督和处理，夸大其词的广告商品非但不能达到厂家宣传的效果，可能还会对消费者的身体造成危害，因此公众对这些虚假广告是无法容忍的。分析选项可知C项正确。DDo you ever wonder why trees begin t
48、o bud (发芽) earlier in some cities? Scientists finally found the answer but its not very pleasant. New science suggests a relationship between light pollution and the timing when trees produce buds, which signals the arrival of the spring season.Light pollution is defined by the Lighting Research Cen
49、ter as the unwanted consequence of outdoor lighting such as street lights. Excessive (过多的) man-made light at night results in disturbed natural cycles, and also prevents the observation of stars and planets at night. But its effect on the environment goes beyond that.By studying some trees, researchers found out that trees that are more exposed to artificial lighting at night bud up to 7.5 days earlier than those at the natural nighttime setting. And they found out that light had a more significant effect than temperature whe
