1、British Society and CultureLecture Three Literature and Arts=购买docin文库财富值下载更多精彩小说请到http:/ major periods nOld English Literature before the Norman Conquest(1066)nMedieval Literature(before the English Renaissance beginning from the 15th century)nModern Literature nContemporary Literature(post-WWII)第2
2、页，共50页。The formation of the Old EnglishnPre-Roman-ConquestCelts and Britons:Gaelic and Celtic.nThe Roman Conquest since 43 AD:LatinnThe Roman departure in 407 A.D.the invasion of Anglo,Saxon and Jute:Icelandic,Viking,Danish,Germanic influences.第3页，共50页。Confluence of Different Linguistic Sources n450
3、 A.D.Anglo,Saxon and Jute from North-West Germany invaded and occupied part of Britain n793-95 Viking invasions(Danish and Norwegian)in Scotland,northern and eastern Englandn9th century Danish invasions;occupation of eastern Englandn885 partition of England(under King Alfred the Great)n917-26 Englan
4、d reoccupied Danish-held territories.n1013 Danish conquest第4页，共50页。Old English Literaturec.a.,the 10th century,BeowulfAuthor:anonymousSetting:Scandinavian Date of writing:between the 8th and the 11the century 第5页，共50页。第6页，共50页。nAudio clips from an Old English versionPrologue 1,2,3第7页，共50页。Hollywood
5、movie adaptation,2007第8页，共50页。Medieval literaturenFrench influence and English affirmation (1)The official language of the British court Turning pointJohn Kings losses of French lands in 1204 (2)Enriched subjects for literaturecourtly love第9页，共50页。Geoffrey Chaucer(1340-1400)nContribution to the midd
6、le English(1)Wide range of linguistic sources(2)Helped to form a London-based standard language第10页，共50页。The Canterbury Tales第11页，共50页。Vivid and ironic portrayal of charactersnThe very perfect gentle Knight a mercenary solidernThe nun a sensual woman who enjoys the pleasure of the sensesnThe wife of
7、 Bathwho has five husbands第12页，共50页。The works meritsnA diversity of characters,social levels,and ways of life.nRestraint from authorial judgment.nHumor and satire.第13页，共50页。Modern literaturenEnglish Renaissance sonnet:travelled to England from Italy in the 16th century drama:the age of Shakespeare第1
8、4页，共50页。William Shakespeare(1564-1616)第15页，共50页。Stratford-upon-Avon第16页，共50页。The Globe Theatre第17页，共50页。第18页，共50页。第19页，共50页。nShakespeares complete works:n 38 playsn 2 narrative poemsn 154 sonnets第20页，共50页。His Position in World Literary Historynone of the most remarkable playwrights and poets in the
9、worldnone of the greatest giants of the Renaissancenone of the first founders of realismna literary giant“not of an age,but for all time”(John Benson).第21页，共50页。Hamlet(1601)第22页，共50页。Othello(1604)第23页，共50页。King Lear(1605)第24页，共50页。Macbeth(1606)第25页，共50页。Romeo and Juliet(1595)第26页，共50页。Two major poet
10、s in the 17th centuryJohn Donne(1572-1631)John Milton(1608-1674)第27页，共50页。18th century literaturePoetry Alexander Pope(1688-1744)The Rape of the Lock(1712-14)Drama Richard Sheridan(1751-1816)The School for Scandal(1777)第28页，共50页。The Rise of the NovelDaniel Defoe,Robinson Crusoe(1719)Henry Fielding,T
11、he History of Tom Jones:A Foundling(1749)Jonathan Swift,Gullivers Travels(1726)第29页，共50页。Swifts joking epitaphnHe knew a hundred pleasant stories,nWith all the turns of Whigs and Tories;nWas cheerful to his dying day,nAnd friends would let him have his way.nHe gave the little wealth he hadnTo build
12、a house for fools and mad,nAnd showed by one satiric touch,nNo nation wanted it so much.nThat kingdom he hath left his debtor;nI wish it soon may have a better.第30页，共50页。第31页，共50页。第32页，共50页。19th century literaturenPoetry Romantic poets first generation:William Wordsworth,Samuel Taylor Coleridge seco
13、nd generation:Lord Byron,Percey Bysshe Shelley,John Keats第33页，共50页。Characteristics of Romanticism in BritainnA rejection of the rules of order,calm,harmony,balance,idealization,and rationality.nA deepened high appreciation of the beauties of nature.nBelief in the emotion and imagination rather than
14、reason or external canons.nFocus on individual concerns and reverence for the common man.nUse of everyday language in poetry.nAn increasing importance of women and children.nMost popular genres:poetry and novels.第34页，共50页。Find the Matching authors for the quotes in the left-hand column nI wandered l
15、onely as a cloud.nIf winter comes,can spring be far behind?nBeauty is truth,truth beauty,-that is all ye know on earth,and all ye need to know.nJohn KeatsnWordsworthnPercey B.Shelley第35页，共50页。第36页，共50页。nOther images of the Lake District:Windermere,Thirlmere,Dewent Water,and Grasmere.第37页，共50页。Fictio
16、n:leading form of literature in EnglishnRegent Period(1810-1820):Jane AustennVictorian Period(1837-1901):Charles Dickens,William Thackeray,George Eliot,Bronts,Thomas Hardy et al.第38页，共50页。Jane Austen(1775-1817)Three or four families in a country village is the very thing to work on.第39页，共50页。Her fic
17、tionnNorthanger Abbey(1798,1818)nSense and Sensibility(1795-97,1811)nPride and Prejudice(1795-97,1813)nPersuasion(1818)nEmma(1815)nMansfield Park(1814)第40页，共50页。Victorian eranThe period coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria who ruled over England from 1837 to 1901.nA time of rapid economic deve
18、lopment as well as serious social problems.nNew inventions and discoveries in biology,geology and anthropology shook peoples religious belief.第41页，共50页。Main features of Victorian literaturenDiversity,complexity and abundant writers and great works.nThe novel became the most powerful expression of pr
19、ogressive thought.nCritical realists:Charles Dickens,William Thackeray,George Eliot,Bronte sisters et al.第42页，共50页。Charles Dickens(1812-1870)nOliver Twist(1837-38)nDavid Copperfield(1849-50)nGreat Expectations(1860-61)nHard Times(1854)第43页，共50页。Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)nNovel of character and environm
20、entnTess of the DUrbervilles(1891)nJude the Obscure(1895)第44页，共50页。20th century modernismnModern experience in an alienating urban,industrial societynRejection of conventional forms of realismnInteriority of charactersnNew techniques:steam of consciousness,montage,fragmentationnRenovated concept of
21、time第45页，共50页。Leading figures of early 20th centurynT.S.EliotnD.H.LawrencenJames JoycenVirginia Woolf第46页，共50页。James Joyce(1882-1941)第47页，共50页。Virginia Woolf(1882-1941)第48页，共50页。Contemporary literature:Nobel Prize LaureatesnT.S.Eliot(1948)nBertrand Russell(1950)nWinston Churchill(1953)nSamuel Beckett(1969)nWilliam Golding(1983)nSeamus Heaney(1995)nHarold Pinter(2005)nDoris Lessing(2007)第49页，共50页。A preview of the next lecturenBritish artsnBritish government and political parties第50页，共50页。
