1、八年级上册Unit 11. encyclopaedia n. 百科全书（BrE=encyclopaedia）【经典例句】课文原句Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia. 这里有来自百科全书的俩篇文章。2012年盘锦中考完形填空The boy likes to read the childrens encyclopaedia. 那个男孩很喜欢看这本儿童百科全书。2. human adj. 人的 n. 人【经典例句】课文原句Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human
2、 begins.恐龙生活在地球上比人类早六千万年。牛津高阶The products must meet humans need.产品必须符合人类的需要。【常考短语】human being 人类3. Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语 adj. 意大利的，意大利人的，意大利语的【经典例句】课文原句Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. 列奥纳多达芬奇是一个意大利画家，音乐家，工程师和科学家。牛津词典The game terminated
3、 in a victory for Italian team. 比赛以意大利队获胜告终。 4. inventor n. 发明家 【经典例句】牛津词典Edison was famous as a great inventor. 爱迪生以一位伟大的发明家而著名。5. musician n. 音乐家【衍生】music 音乐 musical 音乐的 musician 音乐家 【经典例句】课文原句The musician is very famous.这位音乐家非常出名。2014年阜新中考阅读BHe is a great musician.他是一个伟大的音乐家。6. scientist n. 科学家【经
4、典例句】课文原句He is a great scientist.他是一个伟大的科学家。2016年辽阳阅读BThe young girls ambition is to be a scientist.这个女孩的志向就是成为一名科学家。7. born 【经典例句】课文原句Da Vinci was born in the countryside. 达芬奇出生在农村。2016年盘锦中考完形填空I was born on December 15,2002. 我出生在2002年12月5号。He is born with humour.他与生俱来幽默感。【常考词组】be born in 生于be born
5、with与生俱来8. countryside n. 乡村；农村【经典例句】牛津字典They lived a peaceful life in the countryside.他们在乡下过着一个平静的生活。2016年铁岭中考阅读BI like living in the countryside.我喜欢居住在农村。9. intelligence n. 才智，智慧【经典例句】课文原句From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.从幼年起，他就表现出极好的智慧和艺术。才能。2016年盘锦中考完形填空The ol
6、d man must have much intelligence.【衍生】intelligent adj. 聪明的【同义词】clever; smart; wise10. artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的【经典例句】牛津字典Mary comes from an artistic family.玛丽来自于一个艺术世家。2018盘锦中考阅读CThe artists should have artistic ability.艺术家应该有艺术天赋。11. ability n. 才能；能力【衍生】able adj. 能够的 be able to do sth. 能做某事【经典例句】课文原句He
7、has a high ability in drawing.他在绘画方面有很高的能力。牛津字典I dont doubt your ability to finish the task.我不怀疑你完成这个任务的能力。【常考词组】have ability to do sth 有做的能力of high/low ability能力强/弱12. perhaps adv. 可能；大概 【经典例句】课文原句The Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. 蒙娜丽莎可能是世界上最著名的的画作。2010年沈阳中考阅读CPerhaps
8、 I know you before. 可能我以前认识你。【同义词】maybe; probably13. invention n. 发明【衍生】invent v. 发明 inventor n. 发明家【经典例句】课文原句Great inventions change the world. 好的发明改变世界。牛津字典Necessity is the mother of invention. 需要是发明之母。14. include v. 包括；包含【经典例句】 课文原句For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of f
9、lying machines. 例如，他的笔记本中包含一些有趣的飞行器的图纸。2013沈阳中考阅读BInclude all the details about what the bullies do, as well as when and where the bullying happens. 包括欺凌者所做的一切细节，以及欺凌发生的时间和地点。15. even adv. 甚至【用法】用来修饰比较级【经典例句】 课文原句Some could even fly. 一些甚至还能飞。2010年沈阳中考阅读理解CIt might be your teacher, your parents, or e
10、ven your friends parents它可能是你的老师，你的父母，或者甚至是你的朋友的父母。16. however adv. 然而 conj. 无论以何种方式【用法】however不与but连用 【经典例句】课文原句However, they could only count small numbers in this way.然而他们只能用这种方法数小的数字。2014桂林中考阅读AI feel tired. However,I can hold on.我感到很累，但是我能坚持。17. suddenly adv. 突然地【衍生】sudden adj. 突然的【经典例句】课文原句The
11、n, suddenly, they all died out. 然后，突然，他们全都灭绝了。2011沈阳中考阅读CThe little girl suddenly cry loudly.小女孩突然哭的很大声。18. win v. (在比赛中)获胜，赢（奖项，战争）【衍生】winwonwon【辨析】beat打败对手 【经典例句】课文原句You can have any prize if you win the game.”如果你赢得比赛，你可以得到任何奖项。2012年安徽中考阅读理解BHe is expected to win in the game.他被期待赢得比赛。19. in the co
12、untry side 在农村【经典例句】牛津字典They spend their childhood in the countryside. 他们度过他们的童年在农村。2016年陕西中考完形填空We can enjoy ourselves in the countryside. 我们可以在乡村享受生活。20. die out 灭绝【经典例句】牛津字典The wolf died out in Britain hundreds of years ago. 狼在几百年前在英国灭绝了。2016年济南作文标题Some of the traditions are dying out. 一些传统正在灭绝。【
13、同义词】disappear21. find out 找出【辨析】look for强调寻找的过程find 找到 强调结果find out 发现成果 查找答案【经典例句】牛津字典Can you find out when the train leaves？你能发现火车什么时候出发吗？2015年厦门中考完形填空 He finally found out the truth.他最终找到了真相。 22. go for a walk 去散步【经典例句】牛津字典We often go for a walk after dinner.我们经常在晚饭之后去散步。牛津字典Going for a walk is g
14、oo for our health.饭后散步对我们身体有帮助。通关测试I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. They _ (plan) to go on a walking tour next weekend, arent they?2. Oh, how delicious the food you made _ (taste)! Thank you!3. Didnt your teacher tell all of your classmates _ (not shout) in the wetlands.4. Youd better _ (not hurt) the wild anim
15、als.5. Why did they get up so early this morning? _ (watch) the sunrise (日出) on the top of the hill.6. _ (luck), Alan passed the test with good grades last month, and then he can get to the 10th grade and choose a good school to study in.7. On my school trip, our class went to Suzhou Amusement Park
16、and we enjoyed _ (we) very much.8. In July, the temperature is always in the _ (thirty).9. He felt really _ (sleep) after a days work without sleep. 10. At the _ (begin) of this term, I found it a little interesting and easy to learn Physics.11. Now the beautiful blue fish with all its new friends,
17、_ (swim) away from danger. I hope they can be safe very soon. 12. The water in the river _ (smell) bad now. People must stop throwing dirty things into it. 13. Little Tom searched the whole bedroom but _ (find) nothing interesting. 14. If the government finishes building the flyover (高架) on Baiyun R
18、oad next year, I believe there _ (be) less traffic on my way to work.15. Look at the guy! He _ (have) a baseball in his right hand and a tennis in his left.II. 单项选择1. We are _ by the doctors to eat more natural food and take plenty of physical exercise. A. suggestedB. insistedC. informedD. advised2.
19、 Gas, like other forms of _, has greatly increased in price. A. strengthB. energyC. forceD. power3. To his disappointment, what he said didnt _ on his child. A. workB. affectC. actD. last4. He called on another girl, _ was more suitable for the job. A. he believedB. who he believedC. he believed she
20、D. whom he believed5. Its his fault to get our suitcases _. A. to mix upB. mixing upC. mixed upD. to be mixed up6. What surprised us was that he _ his shooting skill against the experts. A. matchedB. fittedC. showedD. made7. Tom along with his classmates _ for the coming exam. A. are preparingB. are
21、 preparing themselvesC. is preparing himD. is preparing himself8. Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls? Yes. They have better players, so I _ them to win.A. hopeB. preferC. expectD. want9. _ production up by 100%, the company has had another excellent year. A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through10. They
22、 required that the books _ to the school library at once. A. be returnedB. should returnC. returnD. would be returned【参考答案】I. 1. are planning 2. tastes 3. not to shout 4.Not hurt 5. to watch 6. Luckily 7. ourselves8. thirties 9. sleepy 10. beginning 11. is swimming 12. smells 13. found 14. will be 1
23、5. has II. 1-5 DBABC 6-10 ADCCA八年级上册Unit 21. number n. 数字 【经典例句】课文原句This helped them count even bigger numbers. 这帮助他们数更大的数字课文原句Before the invention of numbers, people used many different ways to count things. 在数字发明之前,人们使用很多方法去数东西。【常考词组】the number of 的数量（动词用单数）a number of 大量的（动词用复数）2. instructions n.
24、 pl. 指示；命令 【经典例句】课文原句Follow the instruction: The robot follows the instruction. 机器人遵照指令。2013年湖北中考选词填空Can you show me the instructions? 你能给我展示一下说明书吗？3. check v. 检查；核实【经典例句】课文原句Id like to check if Ive got your phone. 我想检查一下是否我登记了你的号码。2012年江西阅读AThe gusts had to wait until after 12 to check in at the ho
25、tel.客人们不得不等待直到12点退房。【常考词组】check in登记入住check out退房check up检查4. India n. 印度【经典例句】牛津词典In India the cow is a sacred animal. 在印度，奶牛是一种神圣的的动物。2013阜新阅读理解BA long time ago, there was a king in India. 很久以前，这里有一个国王生活在印度。5. wise adj. 充满智慧的【衍生】wisedom n.智慧【经典例句】课文原句One day, a wise old man came to the place and t
26、he king challenged him to a game. 有一天，一个智慧的老男人来到宫殿并且像国王挑战象棋。牛津字典To a wise person, time is like a diamond. 对于聪明的人来说，时间就像钻石一样珍贵。6. challenge v. 向（某人）挑战 n. 挑战【经典例句】牛津字典I dont think he was right,so I challenged him.我不认为他是正确的，所以我挑战他。2017上海中考阅读AThe role will be the biggest challenge of his acting career.这
27、个角色将是他演艺生涯的一个挑战。【常考词组】challengeto 向（某人）挑战7. promise v. 许诺；承诺【经典例句】牛津字典She promised the little boy a house. 她承诺给这个男孩一间房子。2015江西中考阅读BTeacher promises everything if we study hard. 如果我们努力学习老师承诺我们任何事情。 【常考词组】promise sb. sth=promise sth to sb. 允诺某人某事promise to do sth 承诺去做某事make a promise 做出承诺8. prize n. 奖
28、赏；奖品【经典例句】课文原句The king promised the old man, “You can have any prize if you win the game.”国王承诺这个老男人，你可以得到任何的奖赏如果你赢得了比赛。牛津字典The famous chemist won the Nobel. 这个著名的化学家赢得了诺贝尔奖。【常考词组】win the first prize 赢得第一名9. grain n. 谷粒【经典例句】课文原句He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on. 他在第一
29、格里放置一粒稻米，在第二格里放俩粒，以此类推。牛津字典Can you give the beggar some grain? 你能给这个乞讨者一些米吗？【常考词组】a grain of rice 一粒米10. double adj. 双的；加倍的 v.（使）加倍 【经典例句】课文原句And then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares. 然后其余每个格里依次增加一倍的稻米数量。牛津字典Maybe we can double our budget.也许我们能双倍我们的预算。11. amount n. 数量；数额【经典例句】牛
30、津字典A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.人们花费了大量的钱在桥上。牛津字典It has a large amount of land.它有大量的土地。【常考词组】a large amount of 大量的（修饰不可数名词）12. rest n. 剩余部分；休息 v. 休息【用法】the rest of（后面名词是可数名词，谓语动词用复数；后面名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单三）【经典例句】牛津字典You must give your brain enough time to rest. 你必须给你的大脑足够的休息。牛津字典The re
31、st of the students are leaving school. 剩余的学生们离开了学校。13. instead adv. 代替；顶替【经典例句】牛津字典He is too busy, Let me instead. 他太忙了，让我替他去吧。牛津字典I will go fishing instead of seeing the film. 我们要去钓鱼代替看电影。14. realize v. 认识到；意识到【经典例句】课文原句The king quickly realized the problem-even with all the rice in the country, he
32、 would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares! 国王很快意识到问题即使拿出国家所有的稻米，他仍然没有足够的稻米放在所有的格子里。2015年陕西综合阅读BHe realized his mistake.他意识到了自己的错误。15. copy v. 抄写【经典例句】牛津字典The teacher asked the students to copy the new words into their exercise books.老师让学生们抄写新的单词在笔记本上。2012天津中考阅读AI will send you a co
33、py of this report.我会把这个报告的副本寄给你。【常考词组】copy down 抄写16. correctly adv. 准确无误地；正确地【经典例句】牛津字典There are a few mistakes in your homework. Correct them and dont make the same mistakes again. 你的作业里有一些错误，改正她们并且不要再犯相同的错误了。牛津字典He answered it correctly.他正确地回答了问题。17. traffic n. 交通【经典例句】牛津字典We have a traffic jam i
34、n Beijing everyday.我们在北京每天都有交通堵塞。牛津字典We should obey the traffic jams.我们必须遵照交通规则。【常考词组】traffic jam 交通堵塞traffic accident 交通事故18. accident n.（交通）事故 【经典例句】牛津字典He had an accident last week 他上周出了车祸。牛津字典We met each other by accident.我们上周偶遇了。【常考词组】by accident 偶然地通关测试I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. I need to encourage
35、all the young students _ (read) more newspapers to get more information about things around us every day.2. My favorite pet, Poppy, usually plays with balls in the garden. But sometimes it _ (catch) butterflies there.3. Because wild animals are our friends on Earth, we should _ (try) our best to pro
36、tect them when they are in danger.4. Xiao Li, never _ (plan) to travel around the world any more if you dont have enough money or time!5. Which do you enjoy _ (spend) your 3 days holiday, shopping or seeing a movie? 6. Without dropping any milk, the little boy put the glass on to the table _. (care)
37、7. Some _ like to include birds in their poems. (write)8. Will you please invite him _ in a writing competition? (join)9. Too much hard work led to his _ (ill).10. Simon is helpful, he often enjoys _ me help. (offer).11. People walked in all _ (direct) after getting off the bus.12. I didnt do well i
38、n the exam but he did even _ (badly).13. Tom fell off the bike. _ (luck), he wasnt hurt badly.14. The girl got _ (lose) in the modern city and didnt know what to do.15. It was _ (blow) really hard outside. A big tree came down.II. 单项选择1. The boy, who is fond of reading, seldom goes to the gym, _? A.
39、 is heB. isnt heC. does heD. doesnt he2. Youre very brave to say you didnt agree with your boss. Well, now I regret _ that.A. to doB. having doneC. to be doingD. to be done3. He is much better, but has not fully _ from his liver failure. A. improvedB. discoveredC. learnedD. recovered4. Since I won t
40、he big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phoneB. will phoneC. were phoningD. are phoning5. The Smiths went on business, _ their eldest child _ the house. A. left; in charge ofB. left; in the charge ofC. leaving; in charge ofD. leaving; i
41、n the charge of6. My new classmate told us about his trip to _ Great Wall. He said it was _ exciting experience for him.A. the; anB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. 不填; a7. This book _ 18 articles, _ three written by my father.A. contains, includesB. includes, containingC. contains, includingD. includes, contai
42、ned8. She didnt feel like _, so he suggested _ the day in the garden.A. working; spendingB. to work; to spendC. working; to spend D. to work; spending9. Each time _ they met, they would talk several hours together about the persons and things _ were in the middle school.A. /; thatB. that; who and wh
43、ichC. when; which D. which; /10. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools _ increasing.A. Which; isB. As; isC. That; areD. As; are【参考答案】I. 1. to read 2. catches 3. try 4. plan 5. to spend 6. carefully 7. writers 8. to join 9. illness10. offering 11. directions 12. worse 13. Luckily 14. lost 15. blowingII. 15 CBDDC 610ACAAB八年级上册Unit 31. order n. 订货；订
