1、JOHN SNOW DEFEATS“KING CHOLERA”Language PointsThe greatest test of courage on earth is to bear defeat without losing heart.Its impossible to defeat a person who never gives up.打败一个永不放弃的人是不可能的。vt.击败；战胜The instruction manual completely defeated me.这操作指南把我完全弄糊涂了。vt.使困惑；难住世界上对勇气的最大考验是忍受失败而不丧失信心。n.失败；战败；
2、挫败suffer a narrow/heavy defeat 惜败；惨败hit the nail on the head说得中肯，一针见血vt.（用手或器具）击，打An outbreak of cholera hit Europe.vt.to have a bad effect on sb/sth 产生不良影响；打击；危害Follow this footpath and youll eventually hit the road.vt.到达（某地）Temperatures hit 40C yesterday.vt.达到（某水平）Her new series is a smash hit.n.很
3、受欢迎的人（或事物）What _ me most was the _ news about the football match,whose result made everyone here _.Many people cant stand the _ of it.With the wet weather _ our plan,we all felt _ to stay indoors.frustratedfrustratedfrustratedfrustrationfrustratingfrustratingAs a young doctor,John Snow became frustr
4、ated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.be frustrated at/with sth.他因一再失败而灰心丧气。He was frustrated at/with/by repeated failures.她是一名失意的植物学科学家。She was a frustrated botanical scientist.汤姆非常沮丧，生气地问他：“你疯了吗？”Very frustrated,Tom angrily asked him,Are you mad?让我们等这么长时间，真令人懊恼。Its frustrating t
5、o have us waiting so long.Snow subscribed to the second theory.斯斯诺赞同第二个理论。诺赞同第二个理论。一词多义一词多义写出下列句子中写出下列句子中subscribe to的汉语意思的汉语意思(1)He subscribes to the view that children can benefit from being independent._(2)This is the school your father subscribed to generously in the past._(3)Using the money I e
6、arned in the holiday，I have subscribed to several magazines recently._赞成；同意赞成；同意捐助捐助订阅订阅 如果你订阅这份报纸，你会得到一本额外的杂志。If you subscribe to this newspaper,youll get an extra magazine.当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.Snow suspec
7、ted that the water pump was to blame.suspect that.怀疑怀疑；觉得；觉得suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人怀疑某人(做过做过)某事某事suspect sb.to be.怀疑某人是怀疑某人是What made you suspect her _ having taken the money?What made you suspect _ she had taken the money?The police last night found what they described as a _(suspect)package.o
8、fthatsuspicious根据他的话判断，我怀疑他是个扒手。根据他的话判断，我怀疑他是个扒手。Judging from what he said,I suspect him to be a pickpocket.Judging from what he said,I suspect that he was a pickpocket.人们怀疑这种药物造成人们怀疑这种药物造成200多人死亡。多人死亡。The drug is suspected of causing over 200 deaths.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.b
9、lame sb._ sth.因而指责某人 blame sth._sb.把某事归咎于某人 be_(blame)_ sth.因该受责备(主动表被动)bear/take the blame _ sth.对某事承担责任 put/lay the blame _ sb.怪罪某人on to blame for for for onHe made an apology so as not to be blamed what he had done.Dont always blame your own failure _ others.Sometimes you yourself are _(blame)He
10、is ready to take the blame what has happened.for on to blame for 1._ for the accident,the driver couldnt get away from it.2.-Its my mothers fault that my room is in a mess.-Nonsense!Your mother is not _(blame)for your laziness.3.Having failed in the exam,he was afraid of _ (blame)by his mother.Blame
11、dto blamebeing blamed因为调皮被老师责备后，这个男孩心情低落。Blamed by his teacher for being naughty,the boy was in low spirits.decreaseincreasen.减少 a decrease in.在.方面减少on the decrease 在减少n.增加an increase in.在.方面增加on the increase在增加 to.byv.decrease from.to.in.to.byv.increase from.to.in.decreased sleeping hourincreased s
12、leeping houran increasing number of.越来越多的Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.1.Average house prices decreased 13%last year.2.The number of students going abroad for further study is the decreas
13、e nowadays.3.By 1881,the population of the island _ (decrease)from 5,000 to 3,500.4.The number of new students in this school _(decrease)_ 2,100 _1,600 this year.byonhad decreaseddecreasedfromtoMoreover，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.transform.in
14、to.使使变成变成be transformed from.into.由由变成变成transformation n.转化；转换；改造；变换转化；转换；改造；变换(1)He _a controversial figure，which affected his reputation a great deal.(2)Every moment of every day,energy is being transformed _ one form _ another.(3)毫无疑问，成功和财富改变了他的性格。Theres no doubt that success and wealth transform
15、ed his character.was transformed intofrominto1.Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid _(infect)with the flu.2.Ever since he entered university,he _(subscribe)to a monthly magazine about tennis.3.The rich man is said _(subscribe)a large amount of money to the collection for t
16、he hospital last week.4.The study further strengthens the evidence _(link)smoking with early death.5.Although he was in hospital,his heart remained _(link)with the masses.6.Its commonly known that certain diseases _(link)with occupations like coal miners.7.Over the past decades,sea ice _(decrease)in
17、 the Arctic as a result of global warming.8._(transform)raw materials into useful products is called manufacturing.being infectedhas subscribedto have subscribedlinkinglinkedare linkedhas decreasedTransforming1.多亏了他父母的鼓励与支持，他最终实现了他的梦想。（thanks to）2.多亏了科技的进步，我们过上了更加便捷的生活。（thanks to）3.他们正在讨论何时何地举行运动会。（
18、特殊疑问词+不定式）4.我的问题是在哪里能找到这个问题的答案。（特殊疑问词+不定式）Thanks to his oarants encouragement and support,he finally achieved his dream.Thanks to advances in technology,we are now leading a much more convenient life.They are discussing when and where to hold the sports meeting.My question is where to find the key t
19、o the question.5.他的进步很快，老师们对他感到很满意。（so/such.that.倒装句）6.他们太激动了，以至于大声叫了出来。（so/such.that.倒装句）7.他说话的声音太小了，以至于大家都听不见。（so/such.that.倒装句）Such rapid progress did he make that the teachers were satisfied with him.So excited were they that they cried out.So low was his voice that he failed to make himself heard.
