1、高二人教版英语选择性必修二第五单元Unit 5 First AidLesson 3:Discover useful structuresAt the end of this lesson,you will be able to:1.review the function of ing form as subject,object,predicative,attribute,object complement,and adverbial.2.understand the tense and voice of the ing form and its meaning.3.practise usin
2、g ing in contexts.It was early in the morning when I made myself a cup of tea and put it on the table to cool.Our 2-year-old daughter had spotted the steaming cup and almost immediately I heard an awful cry.I quickly turned around to see her dropping the cup.Her arm was steaming.She had poured the w
3、hole freshly boiled cup of tea over herself.Instinct(直觉)kicked in.I quickly took off her clothes because I could see it not sticking to her skin.Seeing her arm turning pink,I just kept thinking:why was I not watching her?Luckily,my husband,having taken a Red Cross first aid course recently,knew just
4、 what to do.He placed my daughters arm under cold running water while comforting her.I could see my precious little girls arm bleeding.I knew I would never forgive myself for not moving that cup out of reach.It didnt take long for the ambulance to arrive.They told us we had done the right thing to s
5、ave her from even worse burns.Through this terrifying experience,I knew learning the right first aid actions could truly make a difference to saving lives.-adapted from“First aid true stories”on redcross.org.ukLead-inHomework checking-Identifying the functionWhat is the function of the-ing form in e
6、ach sentence below?1.As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.2.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.3.It is best to place burns under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.4.Remove any clothes using scissors i
7、f necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.5.You can protect the burn by covering it with a clean cloth.(Subject)(Predicative)(Object after a preposition)(Attribute)(Adverbial)(Object complement)Present participle（现在分词）（现在分词）Gerund（动名词）（动名词）说明说明Subject1.Getting burnt can lead t
8、o very serious injuries.Object2.You can protect the burn by covering it with a clean cloth.Predicative3.The survival of the victim is encouraging.4.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.Attribute5.It is best to place burns under cool running water.6.running
9、trackObject complement7.see the fabric sticking to the burnt skinadverbial8.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary.Distinguishing Present participle and gerund1.表示经常的、习惯的、表示经常的、习惯的、泛指的动作泛指的动作2.表示经常的、习惯的、表示经常的、习惯的、泛指的动作泛指的动作3.说明主语的特征说明主语的特征4.说明主语的内容说明主语的内容5.可与定语从句互换可与定语从句互换6.表示名词的性质、用途表示名词的性质
10、、用途等等7.表示正在进行表示正在进行8.表时间、原因、结果、表时间、原因、结果、伴随等。伴随等。Active voicePassive voiceSimple tense一般式1.I enjoy talking to people.2.I enjoy being talked to.Perfect tense完成式3.He denied having cheated the poor old man yesterday.4.The old man denied having been cheated.Compare the following pairs of sentences and s
11、um up the structures of ing form.Understanding the voice and tense of ing formExample:ing form as the object使用规则1：当-ing形式的逻辑主语是该动作的执行者时，用主动式；当-ing形式的逻辑主语是该动作的承受者时，用被动式。以do为例Active voice主动语态Passive voice被动语态Simple tense一般式doing(同时发生)（同时发生且主语为承受者）being donePerfect tense 完成式having done（先发生）（先发生且主语为承受者）
12、having been done使用规则2：当-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生时，用一般式。当-ing形式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前时，用完成式。Active voicePassive voiceSimple tense一般式1.While they were putting away the equipment,they talked about going home.2._(put)away the equipment,they talked about going home.Perfect tense 完成式Example:ing form as the adverbi
13、al使用规则1：当-ing形式的逻辑主语是该动作的执行者时，用主动式；当-ing形式的逻辑主语是该动作的承受者时，用被动式。使用规则2：当-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生时，用一般式。当-ing形式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前时，用完成式。Compare and fill in the blanks.Being looked Having been trappedUnderstanding the voice and tense of ing form5._(look)at from head to toe,she felt embarrassed.6._(trap)in th
14、e ruins for 2 days,the boy became very weak.PuttingHaving put3.After they had put away the equipment,they went home.4._(put)away the equipment,they went home.Examples:1.Having passed the test,Mike threw a party and celebrated it with his family.2.Mike,having passed the test,threw a party and celebra
15、ted it with his family.3.Mike threw a party and celebrated it with his family,having passed the test.Understanding the position of ing form as adverbial使用规则3：having+past participle或者having been+past participle的结构作状语时，位置比较灵活，可以放在主句前，可以放在主句的主语之后，也可以放在主句之后，均用逗号隔开。1.A man was seen lying on the street,wh
16、ile waiting at a subway station.2.While having a bath,water leaked over the sides of the tub.3.The hurricane terrified people,being driven from their home.4.Moving fast through the grass,I saw a snake.5.The old woman fell down just in front of Kathy,not knowing what to do.6.Sobbing and wailing,the s
17、earch team finally located the survivors.7.Sitting on the beach,the waves seemed huge to Martin.8.After spending two hours in the waiting room,the nurse finally called his name.9.Being trained at the first-aid centre,his confidence in helping people grew stronger.10.Having been seriously injured in
18、a cycling accident last year,riding too quickly on a bike is something that he is now afraid of.WB P.90 EX.2 Rewrite the sentences to correct the mistakes in the use of the ing form.You may need to add some information.Practising using-ingmisusing an ing form due to a confusing subject.1.A man was s
19、een lying on the street,while waiting at a subway station.Not the doer/agent1.While waiting at a subway station,I saw a man lying on the street.WB P.90 EX.2 Rewrite the sentences to correct the mistakes in the use of the ing form.2.While having a bath,water leaked over the sides of the tub.Not the d
20、oer/agent2.While having a bath,she saw water leaking over the sides of the tub.Practising using-ing3.The hurricane terrified people,being driven from their home.Not the doer/agent3.Being driven from their homes,people were terrified by the hurricane.WB P.90 EX.24.Moving fast through the grass,I saw
21、a snake.Not the doer/agent4.I saw a snake moving fast through the grass.5.The old woman fell down just in front of Kathy,not knowing what to do.Not the doer/agent5.Kathy looked at the old woman who fell down just in front of her,not knowing what to do.WB P.90 EX.26.Sobbing and wailing,the search tea
22、m finally located the survivors.Not the doer/agent6.Sobbing and wailing,the survivors were finally located by the search team.=The survivors were finally located by the search team,sobbing and wailing.7.Sitting on the beach,the waves seemed huge to Martin.Not the doer/agent7.Sitting on the beach,Mar
23、tin found the waves were huge.WB P.90 EX.28.After spending two hours in the waiting room,the nurse finally called his name.Not the doer/agent8.After spending two hours in the waiting room,finally he heard his name being called.9.Being trained at the first-aid centre,his confidence in helping people
24、grew stronger.Not the doer/agent9.Having been trained at the first-aid center,he became more confident in helping people.WB P.90 EX.210.Having been seriously injured in a cycling accident last year,riding too quickly on a bike is something that he is now afraid of.Not the doer/agent10.Having been se
25、riously injured in a cycling accident last year,he is now afraid of riding too quickly on a bike.Example:ing form as the subject使用规则4：-ing形式作主语时，没有时态的变化，只有语态的变化。Compare and fill in the blank.Active voicePassive voice1.Inviting the guests is the most important task in preparing a party.2._(invite)to
26、the party made Mike excited.Being invited Understanding the voice and tense of ing formHaving been invited Example:ing form as the object complement使用规则5：-ing形式作宾语补足语时，没有having+past participle或者having been+past participle的用法。Compare and tell the differences.1.I saw him come upstairs.2.I heard him co
27、ming upstairs.3.I heard my name being called.4.I heard my name having been called.Understanding the voice and tense of ing form4.I heard my name having been called.Understanding the voice and tense of ing formExample:ing form as the attribute使用规则6：-ing形式作定语时，没有having+past participle或者having been+pas
28、t participle的用法。Compare and tell the differences.1.The person holding the meeting is our headteacher.2.The issue being discussed is about the canteen in our school.3.The issue having been discussed is about the canteen in our school.3.The issue having been discussed is about the canteen in our schoo
29、l.使用规则7：在ing 形式前面加上not，即构成其否定式。Understanding the negative of ing form1.Not being invited to the party made her upset.2.I am sorry for not finishing my assignment on time.3.Not knowing the risk,I pressed the button.4.Not having arranged the notes well,she didnt know where to start.Observe the followi
30、ng sentences and find out what they have in common.1.She hates _(tell)others what to do.2.She hates _(tell)what to do.3.She is happy about _(choose)Mike for the job.4.Mike is excited about _(choose)for the job.5._(see)the customer choking,the waiter remained calm and reacted immediately.6._(see)the
31、movie before,she knew what the professor was talking about.7._(run)a marathon,I can give you some tips.tellingbeing toldhaving chosenhaving been chosenPractising using ing formExercise:SeeingHaving seenHaving run使用规则8：根据语境中的显性或者隐性提示判断-ing 的正确形式。1.It is best to place burns under cool running water,es
32、pecially within the first ten minutes.2.It is best to run some cool water and place burns under it,especially within the first ten minutes.3.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.4.Use scissors to remove any clothes if necessary,unless yo
33、u find that the fabric is sticking to the burnt skin.5.You can protect the burn by covering it with a clean cloth.6.To protect the burnt area,you can cover it with a loose clean cloth.Rewrite the sentences on the left column without using ing form,and then compare the differences.Understanding the m
34、eaning of ing form-ing form 常用于书面语中，它使表达简洁达意、逻辑清晰、语言更丰富。TB P.53 EX.2 Replace each underlined part with a suitable ing form and rewrite the sentence as necessary.1.When he got out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.2.Is there any reason why we are not going to have the first-aid training
35、 this week?3.She had been told about the risk of electric shocks and this made her very careful while using hairdryers.4.Because the child was not watched carefully by his parents,he touched a hot iron and burnt his finger.5.After she had been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to her sk
36、in.Practising using ing form TB P.53 EX.21.When he got out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.When getting out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.2.Is there any reason why we are not going to have the first-aid training this week?Is there any reason for not having the first
37、-aid training this week?Practise using ing form3.She had been told about the risk of electric shocks and this made her very careful while using hairdryers.Having been told about the risk of electric shocks,she was very careful while using hairdryers.4.Because the child was not watched carefully by h
38、is parents,he touched a hot iron and burnt his finger.Not being watched carefully by his parents,the child touched a hot iron and burnt his finger.5.After she had been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to her skin.After being/having been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to
39、 her skin.TB P.53 EX.2Practise using ing formMrs Taylor was an elderly woman _(live)alone.One day,she was in her living room cleaning the windows,when suddenly she could no longer feel the right side of her body._(try)to walk to her sofa to sit down,she fell over onto the carpet.Then she realised th
40、at she could not get up,and that she was having trouble _(breathe).Fortunately,she had her mobile phone with her,and she was able to reach it with her left hand while _(lie)on the floor.Her mobile phone _(already,set up)to call an emergency number at the push of a button,so it was easy to call for h
41、elp.livingTryingbreathinglyingwas already set upTB P.53 EX.3 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the given words.Identify the function of each ing form.What happened to Mrs.Taylor?Practise using ing form in contextsattributeadverbialObject of prep.adverbialpredicateWhile attempting to tal
42、k to the operator,Mrs Taylor discovered that she could not speak._(not,hear)an answer,the operator knew that Mrs Taylor must be in trouble.Telling Mrs Taylor that everything would be OK,she immediately sent an ambulance.After _(arrive),the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without delay ga
43、ve her oxygen,put in an IV needle,and checked her vital signs._(take)to the hospital and treated immediately,Mrs Taylors health was in no great danger,though she had to stay in the hospital ward.After a week,her _(frighten)experience was over,and she was allowed to go home.Not hearingarrivingHaving
44、been takenfrighteningPractise using ing form in contextsadverbialObject of prep.adverbialattributeWhat happened to Mrs.Taylor?IntroductionRising actionFalling actionResolutionClimaxPractise retelling the story using ing form living alonecleaning,no longer feeltrying,fellhaving trouble breathingreach
45、ed,lyingattempting,not speaknot hearing,knewtelling,sentarriving,foundHaving been taken and treatedfrightening,over以以do为例为例Active voice主动语态Passive voice被动语态Simple tense一般式doingbeing donePerfect tense 完成式having donehaving been doneSummary1.现在分词可作表语、定语、宾补、状语，动名词可作主语、宾语、表语、定语，两者所表示的意义不同。2.-ing形式有语态，其逻辑
46、主语如果是该动作的执行者，用主动语态，是承受者，则用被动语态。3.-ing形式有时态，如果-ing形式的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，则用一般式，如果先于主句谓语发生，则用完成式。在判断时可借助显性的时间标志，如before,for+一段时间，many times,yesterday等，有时则根据语境意义的隐性提示。4.-ing形式在句中充当不同成分时，其用法、时态和语态有所不同。Homework1.Review the notes on the form and use of ing form.2.Finish WB P.90 Ex.3.Then identify the functions of all the ing form in the story.Lastly retell the story.In the next period,you will retell the story to your classmates to see if you can describe it concisely and logically.Thank you!
