1、【版本：人教册别：选必一版本：人教册别：选必一】Discovering useful structures contents Lead-in Language points The-ing form as the subject HomeworkIII Lead-inThink and Dig (P26 P27)1.Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.(Para.1)2.Checking my watch,I see that it is 7:3
2、0 a.m.(Para.1)3.Spreading out before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the walley below.(Para.1)subjectadverbialadverbialWhat is the function of the V-ing form in each sentence?4.Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,leaving behind about 100 glaciers.(Para.2)5.Following the reindeer were t
3、he Sami people,who made this territory their home.(Para.2)6.Getting here is quite difficult,so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.(Para.2)adverbialpredicative subject Think and Dig (P26 P27)7.For hundreds of years,looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.(Para.3)8.
4、But every spring,a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek,living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions.(Para.3)subjectadverbialsThink and Dig (P26 P27)9.For example,this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire,dried reindeer meat,and
5、 some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.(Para.3)10.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.(Para.4)complement subjectThink and Dig (P26 P27)11.Here I am,alone under this broad sky,breathing the fresh air,and enjoying this great adventure.(Par
6、a.4)12.Standing at the edge of the mountain,watching the Rapa River flow through the valley below,I feel so blessed to be alive and have this rare opportunity to explore this unique territory,which is almost unknown to the outside world.(P27 Ex.5)adverbialsadverbialsThink and Dig (P26 P27)l Close by
7、,there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.(Para.2)l It was thought that by 1998 there were only six to nine wild Siberian tigers living in the remote region.(P28.Ex.3)Please summarise the usage of V-ing/V-ed/to do in there be.Think and Dig (P26 P27)1.There is a door _(lead)to the garden.2.There is
8、nothing _(write)on it.3.There were some children _(swim)in the river.4.There were about 300 people _(move)to the new factory in the south.5.There were ten people _(kill)in the accident.leadingwrittenswimmingto move/movingkilled即学即用Think and Dig (P26 P27)Discover useful structuresThe-ing Form as theE
9、xamples It was great fun enjoying the relaxing time!I just cant take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere.You look amazing today.The most important thing is getting there in time.She heard someone knocking at the door.You have kept me waiting the whole morning.She sat at
10、the desk reading a newspaper.Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.predicativeattributiveobject complementadverbialsubject The-ing form as the subjectThe-ing form:Get to know more about-ing form 动名词动名词现在分词现在分词V-ing 形式形式时态时态 /语态语态主动主动语态语态被动语态被动语态复合结复合结构构否定式否定式V-ing一
11、般式一般式doingbeing donesb/sbs doingsb/sbs not doingsb/sbs not having done完成式完成式having donehaving been done句子成分句子成分主语主语表语表语宾语宾语宾补宾补定语定语状语状语V-ing动名动名词词现在现在分词分词The-ing form:Get to know more about-ing form The-ing form:Observe and Find Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.Goin
12、g to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.Travelling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.1.动词动词-ing 形式形式作主语作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作表示抽象的或泛指的动作,谓语谓语动词动词用单数用单数。2.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构的形式为的形式为“名词所有格名词所有格/形容词性形容词性物物 主主代词代词/人称代词宾格人称代词宾格/名词普通格名词普通格+动名词动名词”。His be
13、ing late again and again made the manager angry.The students knowing English well will help them to learn French.We are waiting for the experts/the expert coming to give us a lecture.The-ing form:Observe and Find 3.动词动词-ing 形式的形式的否定形式否定形式是在其前面是在其前面加加 not，带有，带有逻辑逻辑 主语主语时时 not 应在动词应在动词-ing 形式之前。形式之前。N
14、ot cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.Your schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.Not finishing his homework makes him upset.The-ing form:Observe and Find 4.动词动词-ing 形式形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。Facing up to your
15、problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.To complete the program needs much effort.Singing is my hobby,and to sing on my friends birthday party is my dream.The-ing form:Observe and Find 5.动词动词-ing 形式作主语时常后置，用形式作主语时常后置，用 it 作作形式主语形式主语，用，用形容词形容词或名词作表语。常见的作
16、表语的名词或短语有：或名词作表语。常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use,no good,fun,hard work,a hard/difficult job,a wonder,a waste of time 等。等。Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?Its no good waiting here.Lets go home.It was a waste of time reading that book.It is no use crying over spilt milk.The-ing form:Observe and Find It+be+a
17、 waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做做是没益是没益/用处的用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的There is no sense/point in doing 做做没有道理没有道理The-ing form as the subject:The-ing form:Observe and Find The-ing form as the subject:Prac
18、tice makes perfect1.Marys _(come)late again made the teacher very angry.2.It is worth _(make)an appointment before you go.3.Being able to have access to digital payment _(be)such a convenience for us in the modern age.4.The news of his _(elect)made us surprised a lot as he was indeed very ing making
19、isnot being electedThe-ing form as the subject:Instant Exercises(P29,2)Rewrite each of the following sentences using the-ing form as the subject.EXAMPLEIt is challenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek.Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is c
20、hallenging yet really fascinating.1.It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding.Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold.2.It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winte
21、r due to the extreme cold.3.Honestly,it can be both exciting and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land.Honestly,exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying.The-ing form as the subject:Instant Exercises(P29,2)4.It is good to adopt a positive attitude,even when things are dif
22、ficult.Adopting a positive attitude is good,even when things are difficult.5.It is strongly advised to hire local guides,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.Hiring local guides is strongly advised,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and histo
23、ry.Discuss:How does the sentence focus change?The use of-ing forms as subject puts the action first,making the sentences seem more dynamic.The-ing form as the subject:Instant Exercises(P29,2)The-ing form as the subject:Instant Exercises(P29,3)Fill in the blanks using the-ing form of a verb from the
24、box and state its function.One word will be used twice.Xixi National Wetland Park,_10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou,is the first national wetland park in China._ city life,nature,and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents.coveringCombiningcombine
25、cover grow take limit walk experience subjectattributiveAt Xixi,_ a boat tour,_ along paths,and _ local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of peoples favourite activities.With trees,bushes,and colourful flowers _ along the riversides,the park shows differe
26、nt sides of beauty in different seasons.In order to better develop as well as preserve this place,experiencinggrowing subjectattributive taking subjectwalking subjectcombine cover grow take limit walk experienceThe-ing form as the subject:Instant Exercises(P29,3)_ human impact on Xixi Wetland was co
27、nsidered by the park designers.All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment.This green,watery world is home to many birds and fishes.With trees _ in the shallows,the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen,which makes
28、 it the“green lungs of Hangzhou”.growingobject complementLimiting subjectcombine cover grow take limit walk experienceThe-ing form as the subject:Instant Exercises(P29,3)1.Fishing is his favourite hobby,and _(collect)coins also gives him great pleasure.2.Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opi
29、nions.Its no use _(argue)with him.3.Heres how _(keep)away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life.4.This machine is very easy _(operate).Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.高考链接The-ing form:Comprehensive Exercises collectingarguingkeepingto operate高考链接The-ing form:Comprehen
30、sive Exercises 5._(ignore)the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.6._(understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.7.The meeting _(hold)tomorrow is of great importance.Ignor
31、ing/To ignoreUnderstandingto be held高考链接The-ing form:Comprehensive Exercises 8.The trees _(blow)down in the storm have been moved off the road.9.Having tea in the late afternoon _(provide)a bridge between lunch and dinner.10._(compare)with our small flat,Bills house seemed like a palace.11.Many Chin
32、ese brands,_(develop)their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.blownprovidesComparedhaving developedThe-ing formSummary形式形式用法用法意义及意义及功能功能动名词做主语动名词做主语有三种有三种形式形式一般式一般式 v+-ing动词的形式，名词的用法和意义。动词的形式，名词的用法和意义。l 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。宾语
33、、表语、定语等。动名词在句首直接作主语。动名词在句首直接作主语。It 在句首作形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。在句首作形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。There be+no+动名词动名词l 动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式。此时，谓语动词用单数形式。Language PointsIII1hunt for food2due to the extreme cold3explore a vast unknown land4it is strongly advised to do sth5offer accurate kn
34、owledge of.6combine.and.7limit human impact on8fit into由于极度严寒由于极度严寒探索一片广阔的未知之地探索一片广阔的未知之地强烈建议做某事强烈建议做某事提供精确的提供精确的知识知识把把和和结合结合限制人类对限制人类对的影响的影响适应适应Important phrases(P28 P29)猎食猎食What do these sentences have in common?Important sentences(P28 P29)1.The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up
35、 in Jilin and Heilongjiang,with boundaries stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russias wildlife reserves.(P28,Ex.3)2.This larger park,with a connection to Russias wildlife reserves across the border,should give these species the natural space they need to live in.(P28,Ex.3)3.With t
36、rees,bushes,and colourful flowers growing along the riversides,the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons.(P29,Ex.3)4.With trees growing in the shallows,the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen,which makes it the“green lungs of Hangzhou”.(P29,
37、Ex.3)5.There are various kinds of theme parks,with different parks for almost everything:food,culture,science,cartoons,movies,history,and so on.(P31,Para.1)with 复合结构复合结构：with+n/pron+adj/adv/介词短语介词短语/V-ing/V-ed/to do1.With the boy _(show)us the way,we got there easily.2.With everything _(do),she made
38、 her way home.3.With Mr Frank _(help)us,Im sure we will succeed.showingdoneto help即学即练Important sentences(P28 P29)With the problem solved,she felt much relaxed.With the English Contest coming/approaching/drawing near,students are busy/occupied reviewing English.即学即练4.有梦想在心中，他从未感到过累。(with)With a drea
39、m in his heart,he never feels tired.5.问题解决了，她感到非常放松。(with)6.英语竞赛越来越近了，同学们正在忙着复习英语。(with)Important sentences(P28 P29)1.It is hoped that Sarek National Park will always remain as it is,natural and beautiful.(P27,Ex.5)2.It was thought that by 1998 there were only six to nine wild Siberian tigers living
40、 in the remote region.(P28.Ex.3)Please find out the sentence pattern in the two sentences.It is hoped that./It was thought that.“有人希望有人希望/有人认为有人认为”，句型句型中中 it 是是 _，that 从句是从句是 _。常用结构常用结构：形式主语形式主语真正的主语真正的主语it is/was+said/reported/thought/hoped/believed/supposed+that-clause1.It is said that he will stu
41、dy abroad.=_2.It is said that he is studying abroad.=_3.It is said that he have studied abroad for two years.=_He is said to be studying abroad.同义句转换同义句转换He is said to study abroad.He is said to have studied abroad for two years.it is+said+that-clause=sb be+said+to do/to be doing/to have doneImporta
42、nt sentences(P28 P29)1.据报道据报道，在这次事故中三人死亡。，在这次事故中三人死亡。2.人们建议人们建议采取措施防止污染。采取措施防止污染。It is reported that three people have been killed in the accident.=Three people are reported to have been killed in the accident.It is suggested that measures be taken to stop the pollution.=Measures are suggested to be taken to stop the pollution.it is/was+suggested/advised/ordered/demanded/required/requested+that+主语主语+(should)+动词原形动词原形即学即练Important sentences(P28 P29)IV Homework1.Finish the exercise on P76 about the-ing form.2.Write a passage to introduce a park you like.The -ing forms are expected.
