1、 Unit 3 Food and CultureWords and Expressions11.cuisine n.菜肴;风味;烹饪 a case in point 明证;很好的例子Chinese cuisine is a case in point.2.prior a.先前的;优先的 n.小修道院院长;大修道院的副院长because of a prior engagement 因事先有别的安排3.prior to (doing)sth 在之前的 during the week prior to the meeting 在开会前的一周内4.consist vi.由组成5.consist of.
2、由组成(或构成)=be made up of/be composed ofconsist in.=lie in.存在于 consist with.相符，与一致My breakfast consists of bread,eggs and milk.6.pepper n.甜椒;灯笼椒;胡椒粉(pl.peppers)vt.撒胡椒粉;布满some big red peppers 几个大红椒 pepper.with.大量加入.7.recipe n.烹饪法;食谱 (pl.recipes)an authentic chinese recipe 一份正宗的中国食谱 8.bold a.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的
3、n.黑体字boldly adv.大胆地；敢于冒险地boldness n.大胆，冒失，勇敢;魄力be printed in bold 用黑体印刷9.chef n.厨师;主厨 (pl.chefs)cook n.厨师 cooker n.厨灶;炉具 kitchen n.厨房10.peppercorn n.胡椒粒(pl.peppercorns)Sichuan peppercorns 四川花椒11.vinegar n.醋She flavored the fish with sugar and vinegar.她用糖和醋给鱼调味.2 cuisine cuisine pepper recipe recipe
4、chefs peppercorn vinegar vinegar1._(在之前)_(come)to China,my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America,with Chinese food that _(change)to suit American tastes.2.For example,Americas most popular Chinese dish is General Tsos chicken,which _(consistent)_ _(fry)chicken _(cover)in a sweet sauce,
5、_(flavour)with hot red peppers.3.He often _(pepper)his speech _ jokes.4.This is probably not _(一份正宗的中国食谱).5.Could we also say,for example,that those _ like bold flavours are bold _?5.Its believed that theory should consist _ practice.6.The true wealth does not consist _ what we have,but _ what we ar
6、e.1Prior tocominghad been changedconsistsoffriedcoveredflavouredpepperswithan authentic Chinese recipewhothemselvesininwith312.stuff vt.填满;把塞进 n.东西;物品stuff A with B 用B填满/装满/塞满Astuff sth in/into/under.把塞进stuff sb/oneself with 让吃饱;狼吞虎咽地吃be stuffed with.=be filled with.be full of.stuff 100 doars into a
7、n envelope=stuff an envelope with 100 doarsShe stuffed the money under a cushion 她把钱塞到软垫底下。13.slice n.(切下的食物)薄片 vt.把切成薄片a slice of 一片 a slice of bread 一片面包14.slice.off 切下a sliced loaf 切片面包 slice off enough meat 15.onion n.洋葱;葱头 (pl.onions)slice(up)onions 把洋葱切成片16.lamb n.羊羔肉;羔羊mutton n.羊肉 sheep n.绵羊
8、goat n.山羊meat n.肉(动物肉或者鸟肉)beef n.牛肉 pork n.猪肉chicken n.鸡肉 fish n.鱼肉 rabbit n.兔肉They had roast lamb for lunch.他们的午餐吃了烤羊肉.17.lamb kebab 烤羊肉串kebab n.烤肉串 barbecue v./n.烧烤18.elegant a.精美的;讲究的;文雅的elegantly adv.优美地;雅致地;高雅地 elegance n.高雅;优雅19.dim sum n.点心(中国食品)Guangdongs elegant dim sum 广东的精致点心20.exceptiona
9、l a.特别的;罕见的 the exceptional stewed noodles In Henan 河南独特的烩面exceptionally adv.极其，非常 exception n.例外，异议except prep.除了之外421.Where is all my _(stuff)?2.His bag _(stuff)_ books.3.Just _(slice)off enough meat for your dinner,and put the rest back.4.Later,I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pa
10、ncake rolls _(stuff)with _(slice)Chinese green onions.5.In each place we went,we experienced wonderful local dishes,from Guangdongs _(elegant)dim sum-small _(serve)of food in bamboo _(steam)-to the _(exception)stewed noodles in Henan.6.Hes an _(exception)talented dancer.stuffis stuffedwithslicestuff
11、edslicedelegant servingssteamersexceptionalexceptionally onions lamb lamb lamb kebab dim sum521.minimum n.最小值;最少量 adj.最低(限度)的;最小的at a/the minimum 至少 a minimum of.至少.maximum n.最大值;最大量 adj.最高的;极大的a minimum charge/price/standard 最低收费/价格/标准at(the)least 至少 at(the)most 至多;不超过22.consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗 consume
12、 lots of effort,time and moneyconsumer n.消费者 consumption n.消耗量;消费be consumed with sth.(某种情绪或念头)充满(内心)23.temper n.脾气;火气 have a hot temper 脾气躁 out of temper 发火的lose ones temper(with sb)(对某人)发脾气keep ones temper(with sb)(对某人)忍住怒火624.vegetarian n.素食者 (pl.vegetarians)vegetable n.蔬菜;植物人Is your grandmother
13、a vegetarian?25.junk n.无用的东西 /U/a junk shop 旧货店There is nothing but junk on the TV.26.junk food(=junk)垃圾食品 Junk food tastes good,but it does not have enough nutrition.27.garlic n.蒜 Garlic can prevent some cancers.28.bacon n.熏猪肉;咸肉bring home the bacon 成功;挣到养家糊口的钱She always made the best bacon too.1.H
14、e is 170 centimetres tall,_(最低身高)for a policeman.2.This project will take three months _ a minimum.3.The boy _(consume)_ curiosity.4._ a minimum,the kinds of food local people consume tell us _ they grow in their region,_ kinds of lives they lead,and _ they like and do not like.5.As the person _(想要成
15、功),he needs to find a _(stably)job.3the minimum heightatwas consumed withAtwhatwhat whatto bring home the baconstableChina is a huge market of _,and large groups of_usually _too much food and water.(consume)consumptioncondumersconsume junk food junk food garlic garlic garlic bacon bacon729.ham n.火腿
16、(pl.hams)The hams were cooked whole.这些火腿是整条烹制的。a slice of ham 一片火腿 a ham sandwich 火腿三明治a ham actor 表演过火的演员30.sausage n.香肠;腊肠 (pl.sausages)beef/pork sausages 牛肉/猪肉香肠That sausage doesnt smell right.31.cabbage n.甘蓝;卷心菜;洋白菜 Do you like cabbage?32.bean curd(tofu)豆腐He likes food made of bean curd.33.brand
17、 n.品牌(pl.brands)brand new=brand-new:全新的She wants to buy a famous brand watch.834.olive n.油橄榄;橄榄树In Greece,the olive(tree)is a symbol of peace and wisdom.35.fig n.无花果 Figs are full of seeds.36.ingredient n.(尤指烹饪)材料;成分(pl.ingredients)Processed foods(加工食品)often contain less nutrition,and have higher qu
18、antities of sugar,salt,and fat than fresh ingredients.37.dessert n.(饭后)甜点 (pl.desserts)In other words,if you want to be healthy,you have to cut down on (减少)desserts,and cut out (停止)sweet drinks altogether.38.dough n.生面团roll in dough 有钱;富裕When making dough,mix the flour and water well.sausages sausag
19、es cabbage cabbage bean curd=tofu olive fig939.stable a.稳定的;稳重的a stable price/relationship 稳定的价格/关系stably adv.稳定地;坚固地;坚定地;有恒心地stablity n.医稳定性，安定性;40.haggis n.(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚 Haggis is the name for a traditional Scottish dish that even many people in England dont like!41.canteen n.食堂;餐厅 (pl.canteens)David
20、has eaten his lunch in the school canteen.42.cafeteria n.自助餐厅;自助食堂 (pl.canteens)This is first time that I have eaten in a cafeteria.43.bun n.圆面包;小圆甜饼 (pl.buns)I bought some buns for tomorrows breakfast.44.chilli n.辣椒 (pl.chillies)You can taste the chilli in the dish but it is a little sweet.45.pork
21、n.猪肉a leg of pork 猪腿肉Cook the beans with a piece of salt pork.46.red braised pork 红烧肉braise vt.炖，焖;stew vt.&vi.炖，煨 n.炖的菜;煨的菜(有肉和蔬菜)Many people in the province like red braised pork.47.pearl n.珍珠(pl.pearls)(at)Pearl Harbour 珍珠港 a string of pearls 一串珍珠She is wearing a pearl necklace.48.somewhat adv.有点
22、;稍微How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine?10 canteen bun chilli/chili pork red braised pork pearl49.madam n.夫人;女士Can I help you,madam?50.calorie n.卡路里(热量单位)(pl.calories)Oranges contain only 35 calories per 100g.每100克橙子仅含35卡的热量。a calorie-controlled diet for slimmers 控制热量的减肥食谱a l
23、ow-calorie drink/diet 低热量的饮料/饮食51.association n.协会;关联 Football Association 足球协会associate v.联想;联系;交往associate.with.把.和.联系在起来be associated with.和联系在一起;与有关52.regardless adv.不顾;不加理会;不顾后果地;不管怎样carry on with our work regardless111253.regardless of.不管;不顾=in spite of =despite of =in despite of =despite54.ca
24、tegory n.类别;种类 (pl.categories)kind n.种类 sort n.种类;类别 type n.种类;类型55.vitamin n.维生素 (pl.vitamins)need vitamin supplements(补充)Oranges/Vegetables are rich in vitamin C.56.fibre n.纤维;纤维制品a high-fibre/low-fibre diet 纤维素含量高/低的饮食be full of vitamins and fibre57.quantity n.数量;数额 a good/great/large/huge quanti
25、ty of+U/C(谓语单数)good/great/large/huge quantities of+U/C (谓语复数)1.And in America,people who receive 25%of their daily _(calorie)or more _ sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease _ people who receive less than 10%a day.2.They have maintained a close _(associate)_ a college in the US.3.This i
26、s true _(不管)how healthy the rest of their diet might be.4._(process)foods often contain less nutrition,and have higher _(quantity)of sugar,salt,and fat than fresh _(ingredient).4caloriesthroughasassociationwith regardless ofProcessedquantitiesingredients1358.dairy a.奶制的;乳品(业)的 n.乳制品;乳品店;牛奶厂the dairy
27、 industry 乳品业 a dairy cow/farm 乳牛/乳牛场dairy cattle/farmers 乳牛/乳牛场主 dairy products 乳制品59.moderation n 适度;合理 in moderation 适量地;适度地moderate adj.有节制的;稳健的，温和的;适度的moderate weather 温和的天气moderately adv.适度地;普通地;温和度;不过度地60.ideal adj.完美的;理想的 n.理想;完美的人(或事物)be ideal for.对.很合适61.fundamental adj.根本/基础/基本的 n.基本规律;根本
28、法则be fundamental to.对.是基本的a fundamental key to healthy eatingfundamentally adv.基础地;根本地;从根本上;1462.chew vi.vt.咀嚼;嚼碎 n.咀嚼chewing gum=gum 口香糖(U)chew your food 咀嚼你的食物63.consistent adj.一致的;连续的consistently adv.一贯地，坚持地，固守地consist of.由组成/构成be consistent with:与一致64.modest adj.些许的;谦虚的;朴素的be modest about.对.谦虚mo
29、destly adv.谨慎地;切勿浪费 modesty n.谦虚1565.trick n.诀窍;计谋;把戏play tricks/a trick on.对.恶作剧/开玩笑;捉弄.=play a joke/jokes on trick sb into doing 骗某人做66.overall adv.总体上;大致上 adj.全面的;综合的on the whole 大体上说;总的说来Overall,I am satisfied with your progress.You must cut down your overall amount of physical activity.67.Jean
30、Anthelme Brillat-savarin 让安泰尔姆布里亚一萨瓦兰(法国美食家)68.Kaza adj.哈萨克族的n.哈萨克族人69.St Andrews 圣安德鲁斯(英国城市)1.Besides this,it is also important to have some meat,beans,or _(乳制品)in your diet,as they provide the necessary protein for strong _(bone)and muscle _(grow).2.Therefore,when using the Internet,be sure to do
31、it _(适量地).3.The results are entirely _(consist)_ our earlier research.4.You will suffer _(modesty)losses if you leave the company now.5.She is very _(modesty)_ her success.6.If the neighbours do not give any sweets,the children might _(捉弄)them.7._(总体上),I am satisfied with your progress.5dairy produc
32、tsbonesgrowthin moderationconsistentwithmodest modest aboutplay a trick onOverallP28 1.Find words from the reading passage which have similar meanings to the words in italics.1.Well need ten months at least to have the restaurant decorated.2.Some traditional Chinese dishes from before the Ming Dynas
33、ty are still popular today.3.My grandpas breakfast mainly includes wholegrain biscuits and a glass of milk.4.People in this area would eat nearly a kilo of cheese per week.5.We enjoyed a special dinner in a fancy restaurant where the waiters all were attractive suits.6.He prefers this brand of coffe
34、e which,as he said,has an unusually good flavour.overallprior toconsists ofconsumeelegantexceptionalP28 2.Learn more about foods around the world by matching the first and second halves of the following sentences.1.Italy,Greece,and Spain are famous for their olives,figs,and other ingredients,2.She s
35、liced off3.A traditional Western dinner can consist ofA.a piece of sausage for her dinner.B.an appetizer,a main course,soup,and dessert.C.which have all contributed to centuries of cuisine developmentP28 3.Familiarize yourself with some food idioms by matching the meaning on the right with the color
36、ed words on the left.1.Public concern for the health of farm animals has mushroomed in the UK.2.Anderson may be young but hes certainly rolling in dough!3.George is a popular lecturer.He often peppers his speech with jokes.GFDA.completely flatB.something that is very easy to doC.an issue that is har
37、d to deal withD.to include large numbers of somethingE.to earn ones living to support a familyF.wealthyG.to rapidly increase in numberH.an actor who performs badly,especially by overemphasizing emotionsA.completely flatB.something that is very easy to doC.an issue that is hard to deal withD.to inclu
38、de large numbers of somethingE.to earn ones living to support a familyF.wealthyG.to rapidly increase in numberH.an actor who performs badly,especially by overemphasizing emotions4.As the person to bring home the bacon,he needs to find a stable job.5.He is often regarded as a ham actor for his overem
39、phasized facial expressions.6.The media reported that these companies had treated pollution as a hot potato.EHCA.completely flatB.something that is very easy to doC.an issue that is hard to deal withD.to include large numbers of somethingE.to earn ones living to support a familyF.wealthyG.to rapidly
40、 increase in numberH.an actor who performs badly,especially by overemphasizing emotions7.Dont worry about the test tomorrow.Its going to be a piece of cake!8.Its best to fold the swimming ring when it is as flat as a pancake.BAP34 1.Choose the suitable words to complete the conversations.minimum ele
41、gant fibre dessert recipe exceptional chef prior to1.A:Why do you eat so many bananas?B:Because bananas offer an excellent source of _ and vitamins.2.A:How do you manage to stay so slim and fit?B:I have brought my consumption of sweets and _ down to the bare _.3.A:How do you like your new cooking cl
42、asses?B:Theyre _!The teacher used to be a famous _ in a big hotel.minimum elegant fibre dessert recipe exceptional chef prior tofibredessertminimumexceptionalchef4.A:What is Jessie busy with in the kitchen?B:She is trying a new _ for pumpkin pie.5.A:Why did they refuse the dinner invitation?B:They h
43、ad to refuse the dinner invitation because of an engagement made _ it.6.A:How did you find the restaurant you visited yesterday?B:It was beautiful and _!Weve never been to such an attractive restaurant before.recipeminimum elegant fibre dessert recipe exceptional chef prior toprior toelegantListenin
44、g&Speaking on Page 30A:Hand-torn cabbageB:bridge tofuC:dry pot duck with golden bunsD:steamed fish head covered with chillies.Before listeningMatch the dishes below to their English names.Then in groups,discuss what you know about these dishes,including what they contain and how they are made.1234ME
45、NURed braised pork 红烧肉 42元Dry pot chicken 干锅鸡 32元Pearl meatballs 珍珠丸子 26元Hand-torn cabbage 手撕包菜 18元Bridge tofu 过桥豆腐18元Mushroom soup 菌菇汤 22元Dry pot duck with golden buns 干锅炒鸭金黄杂粮包 38元Vegetable soup 蔬菜汤 18元Steamed fish head covered with chillies 剁椒鱼头48元Steamed preserved meat 腊味合蒸 38元Tingting,Anna,and
46、Lisa are at the Hunan Restaurant.Listen to their conversation and tick the dishes that they order in the menu above.MENURed braised pork 红烧肉 42元Dry pot chicken 干锅鸡 32元Pearl meatballs 珍珠丸子 26元Hand-torn cabbage 手撕包菜 18元Bridge tofu 过桥豆腐18元Mushroom soup 菌菇汤 22元Dry pot duck with golden buns 干锅炒鸭金黄杂粮包 38元
47、Vegetable soup 蔬菜汤 18元Steamed fish head covered with chillies 剁椒鱼头48元Steamed preserved meat 腊味合蒸 38元Listen again and answer the questions.1 How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine?2What are the reasons why Hunan people like spicy food?3Why do so many people love steamed fish hea
48、d covered with chilies?4Why does Tingting recommend bridge tofu instead of dry pot duck with golden buns?5.Why is red braised pork the most famous dish?keys1 How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine?The heat in Sichuan cuisine comes from chillies and Sichuan peppercorns.Human cui
49、sine is often hotter and the heat comes from just chillies.2What are the reasons why Hunan people like spicy food?Because they are a bold people.But many Chinese people think that hot food helps them overcome the effects of rainy or wet weather.3why do so many people love steamed fish head covered w
50、ith chilies?People love it because the meat is quite tender and there are very few small bones.4why does Tingting recommend bridge tofu instead of dry pot duck with golden buns?Because bridge tofu has a lighter taste.5.why is red braised pork the most famous dish?Because Chairman Mao was from Hunan,
