1、定语从句定语从句 鉴于初中&高中都要涉及到这部分知识，所以答疑君帮大家从最基础的语法补习起来 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语 从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关 系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。 关系代词：that，which，who（whom） ，whose，在句子中充当主语，宾语（无 what） 先行词是人的时候：that，who，whom。一般来说，who 既可以充当主语，也可以充 当宾语，但是 whom 只能充当宾语。一般多用 whom 充当宾语。例句： Is he the man
2、 who/that wants to see you?（作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（作宾语） Whose：用来指人或物。例句： I helped the man whose car broke down. I want the book whose cover is red. 先行词是物的时候：which，that。一般情况下，两者可互换。例句： I saw a accident which/that happened on the street.(作主语） I like the bag which/that you gave
3、me yesterday.（作宾语） 关系副词：why，where，when，在句子中充当原因，地点，时间。一般来说可以跟 介词+which 互换，介词视情况而定。 Zhejiang is the place where (in which) I was born. May 1st is the day when（on which）I was born. This is the reason why（for which）I was late for school. 判断方式：关系代词 or 关系副词。观察从句中缺什么，如果缺主语或宾语，那么首 先就得知使用关系代词，指人用 who/that，指
4、物用 which/that。如果从句中主谓宾齐全， 那么就要使用关系副词，至于用哪一个，根据句子的语意而定。 判断正误：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you. 特殊情况： 1.先行词为 everything，nothing，something，all，little，much,few,no 等不定代词时 This is everything that I can tell you. 2.先行词被 the onl
5、y，the very，the same，the last 修饰时 This is the only story that I know. 3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best story that I have ever heard. 4.先行词有人又有物时 They talked about persons and dogs that they liked. 5.当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时 Who is the man that is standing there? 6.there be 句型中，一般使用 that 7.当先行词
6、为 those，anyone，someone 时，一般用 who 而不用 that We will help those who are poor. 8.当介词前置的时候，用 which 而不用 that I will never forget the day on which I was born. 省略情况：一般来说，关系副词是不可以省略的，而关系代词如 who，which，that 在作主语时不可以省略，在作宾语时可以省略。所以，分析句子的结构是很重要的。 限制性定语从句：对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，不能被省略。例句： We reached there the day when he
7、 left. 非限制性定语从句：可以被省略，缺少并不会影响全句的理解，句子中往往有逗号。 这也是两者之间最大的区别。例句： The house，which I bought last year，is very beautiful. 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。 I like the book which/that is very interesting. I like books which/that are very interesting. 特殊先行词the way The way 做先行词的时候，关系代词使用 that，in which 或什么都不加。 The sam
8、e as 所指的东西是同一个；The samethat 所指的东西是同一类 例句： This is the same pen that I lost. 这 支 钢 笔 就 是 我 丢 的 那 一 支 。 This is the same pen as I lost. 这支钢笔跟我丢的那支笔一模一样。 1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B.
9、where C. in which D. the one 3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. i
10、n which D. in that 6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8.
11、 The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 11. I have bought the same
12、 dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 13. We re talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last nig ht. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 答案见下图，大家可以测一测自己的准确率
