1、1._ n.困境；逆境困境；逆境2._ n.工资工资3._ adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的4._ n.探险；远征；探险队探险；远征；探险队5._ n.精力；力量；活力精力；力量；活力6._ adv.&prep.上上(船、飞机、公共汽车等船、飞机、公共汽车等)7._n.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜橱柜；壁橱；衣柜8._n.(轮船、飞机或火车上的轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员乘务员；服务员9._vt.毁坏；压坏、压碎毁坏；压坏、压碎 n.拥挤的人群拥挤的人群adversitywagebitterexpeditionvigouraboardcupboardstewar
2、dcrush10._ vi.沉没；下沉；下降沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没使下沉；使沉没11._ n.炉具；厨房灶具炉具；厨房灶具12._ n.毯子毯子13._ n.pl.财物；动产财物；动产14._ n.班卓琴班卓琴(乐器乐器)15._ adj.痛苦的；令人难受的痛苦的；令人难受的16._n.&vi.航海；航行航海；航行17._n.海军；海军部队海军；海军部队18._adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的相当不错的；正派的；得体的sinkstoveblanketbelongingsbanjomiserablevoyagenavydecent19._ adj.温馨的；舒适的温馨的；舒适的2
3、0._ adj.脾气好的脾气好的/坏的坏的21._ n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神22._ n.决议；解决；坚定决议；解决；坚定23._ n.(轮船、飞机等上面的轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人员；专业团队；一群人24._ adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的深入的；彻底的；细致的25._n.家具家具26._n.(狗狗)吠声；吠叫声吠声；吠叫声27._n.橄榄球运动橄榄球运动cosy good/bad-temperedperseveranceresolutioncrewthoroughfurniturebarkrugby28._ n.球拍；蝙蝠球
4、拍；蝙蝠 vi.&vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打用球板击球；挥打；拍打29._ adj.潮湿的；湿气重的潮湿的；湿气重的30._ n.娱乐；消遣；游戏娱乐；消遣；游戏31._ n.指导；引导；导航指导；引导；导航32._ n.侄子；外甥侄子；外甥33._ adj.公司的；法人的；社团的公司的；法人的；社团的34._adj.粗糙的；粗略的粗糙的；粗略的35._n.领航员；领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的飞机、船舶等上的)航行者航行者batdamprecreationguidancenephewcorporateroughnavigator36._ n.发动机；马达发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的有
5、引擎的；机动车的37._ n.候选人；应试者候选人；应试者38._ n.(人生的人生的)一段经历；一段经历；(小说的小说的)片段；插曲片段；插曲39._ n.动机；原因；目的动机；原因；目的40._ n.孔子学说；儒家孔子学说；儒家(学说学说)motorcandidateepisodemotiveConfucianism 1.endure vt.忍耐；容忍忍耐；容忍 _ n.忍耐力；耐久力忍耐力；耐久力2.qualify v.取得资格取得资格 _ adj.符合资格；具备符合资格；具备的知识的知识(或技能、或技能、学历等学历等)_ n.资格资格3.enthusiasm n.热情热情 _ adj.
6、热情的；热心的热情的；热心的endurancequalifiedqualificationenthusiastic4.assign vt.分派；布置；分配分派；布置；分配 _ n.分配；任务分配；任务5.envy n.&vt.羡慕；嫉妒羡慕；嫉妒 _ adj.嫉妒的嫉妒的 _ adv.嫉妒地嫉妒地6.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃舍弃；抛弃；放弃 _ adj.被抛弃的；无约束的被抛弃的；无约束的assignmentenviousenviouslyabandoned7.selfish adj.自私的自私的 _ adv.自私地自私地 _ n.自私自利自私自利8.genuine adj.真正
7、的；真诚的；可信赖的真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 _ adv.真心地；真正地；真诚地；诚实地真心地；真正地；真诚地；诚实地9.persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求坚持；孜孜以求 _ n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神selfishlyselfishnessgenuinelyperseverance10.resolve vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决决定；决心；解决(问题或困难问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念决心；坚定的信念 _ n.决议；解决；坚定决议；解决；坚定11.cruel adj.残忍的残忍的 _ n.残忍残忍 _ adv.残酷地残酷地12.fortunate a
8、dj.幸运的幸运的 _ adv.不幸的不幸的 _ adj.幸运地幸运地 _ adj.不幸地不幸地unfortunatefortunatelyunfortunatelyresolutioncrueltycruelly13.guide vt.指导指导 n.指南指南 _ n.广告；活动；广告广告；活动；广告业业14.advertise vt.&vi.分布；宣传；做广告分布；宣传；做广告 _ n.广告；活动；广告广告；活动；广告业业15.loyal adj.忠诚的忠诚的 _ n.忠诚忠诚mit v.投入；承诺投入；承诺 _ n.承诺；保证；奉献承诺；保证；奉献 _ adj.坚定的坚定的loyaltya
9、dvertisingcommitmentcommittedguidance1._申请申请2._拒绝某人拒绝某人3._对对热情热情4._出发；动身；使爆炸出发；动身；使爆炸5._ 困住；陷于困住；陷于6._使某人情绪高涨使某人情绪高涨7._设法成功做某事设法成功做某事8._每况愈下每况愈下9._成功成功turn sb downapply tobe enthusiasticset off be/become stuck inkeep ones spirits upmanage to do sthgo from bad to worsemake it10._不挂断电话；等一下；继续不挂断电话；等一下
10、；继续11._使某人振作起来使某人振作起来12._生火生火13._ 放出放出(热、光、气味或气体热、光、气味或气体)14._报答；报复报答；报复hold oncheer upmake firegive off pay back1.have been doing 现在进行时现在进行时 this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.(P38)2.tooto句型句型the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.(P39
11、)3.if引导虚拟条件句引导虚拟条件句If it werent for sea animals.We would all starve.(P44)4.as引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句We had to be careful not to go outside too often,as the changing temperatures could make us ill.(P44)5.keep+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears
12、in a positive and successful way.(P45)1.wage n.工资工资small wages,bitter cold,long months of complete darkness,.(P38)a wage increase of 3%3%的加薪的加薪(=a wage rise of 3%)wage cuts 减薪减薪 a very low/high wage 非常非常低低/高的工资高的工资wage demands/claims 工资要求工资要求wage settlements 工资和解协议工资和解协议agree to a voluntary wage fre
13、eze 同意同意自愿冻结自愿冻结工资工资salary,wage,pay,income词条词条不同点不同点salary通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金。通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金。wage通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。pay指工资、薪水。指工资、薪水。income指收入、收益、所得。指收入、收益、所得。【语境应用语境应用】用用salary/wage/pay/income完成完成句子。句子。1)We expect a fair days _ for a fair days work.2)The presidents _ is$200,000 a year.3)He doesnt
14、 like the job,but the _ is good.4)The cost of living is now so high that you need to earn a good _ just to keep your head above water.wagesalarypayincome2.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的热情的；热心的But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship.(P38)be ent
15、husiastic about(doing)sth.对做某事热心对做某事热心enthusiastically adv.热心地；满腔热情地热心地；满腔热情地enthusiasm n.热情，热爱的事物热情，热爱的事物enthusiast n.热心者；爱好者热心者；爱好者with(great)enthusiasm（非常）热情地（非常）热情地full of enthusiasm 充满热情充满热情【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子/单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Jenny suggested our going on an outing to the countryside,but the rest
16、 didnt sound _(对对感兴感兴趣趣)the idea.2)This detective _(对对感兴趣感兴趣)looking into unexplained cases.enthusiastic about is enthusiastic about3)I am an active playgoer and play-reader,and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my _(enthusiastic)for the theater with others.(2020浙江高考浙
17、江高考)enthusiasm3.aboard adv.&prep.上上(船、飞机、分公共汽车等船、飞机、分公共汽车等)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship.(P38)go aboard a/the ship 上船上船a+board(n.木板木板)aboard adv.&prep.在在(船、飞机、船、飞机、公共汽车等公共汽车等)上；上上；上(船、飞机、公共汽车等船、飞机、公共汽车等)a+broad(adj.宽阔的宽阔的)abroa
18、d adv.在国外；在国外；到国外到国外词条词条不同点不同点aboard通常接较大型的交通工具，如通常接较大型的交通工具，如 aboard a plane/train/ship/bus等。等。on可接较大型的交通工具，自行车除外，如可接较大型的交通工具，自行车除外，如 on a bus,on ones bike。in常接小型的交通工具，如常接小型的交通工具，如 in a car。aboard/on/in【语境应用语境应用】选词填空选词填空(aboard/abroad)。1)Dont bank on going _ this summer.We may not have enough money
19、.2)The president went _ the plane under the protection of several security guards.abroadaboard4.unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地不幸地；遗憾地Unfortunately,three days after we set off I was discovered.(P38)(1)fortunate adj.幸运的幸运的 be fortunate to do sth 幸运做某事幸运做某事 be fortunate in having sth 幸运拥有某物幸运拥有某物(2)fortune
20、n.财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气 seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气找出路；碰运气 make a fortune 发财发财(3)fortunately adj.幸运地幸运地【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)_(fortunate),someone who happened to be passing by called the fire department instantly when the fire broke out.2)Tom is often _;last year he went to Shanghai to try hi
21、s _.(fortunate)3)_(fortunate),it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.(2021新高考新高考I卷卷)Fortunately fortunatefortune Unfortunately 5.assign vt.分派；布置；分配分派；布置；分配He assigned me to be a steward,and I now serve meals for twenty-eight
22、 men,three times a day.(P38)assign sb sth=assign sth to sb 分配给某人某物分配给某人某物assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某一项指派某人做某一项工工assign sth to sth 确认确认 assign sb/sth as 认为认为是是 【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)My teacher assigned me _(write)an essay about the reform and opening-up policy of China.2)It is wise to _(安排特别的练习安排特别的练习
23、)to the weaker students.3)They had _(指派人监视我指派人监视我)twenty-four hours a day.4)We cannot _(确定确定的确切年代的确切年代)these ruins.to writeassign special exercisesassigned someone watch meassign an exact date to6.envy n.&vt.羡慕；妒忌羡慕；妒忌How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places
24、I have ben to!(P38)(1)with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地羡慕地；嫉妒地be the envy of 是是令令嫉妒嫉妒/羡慕的对象羡慕的对象 out of envy 出于出于嫉妒嫉妒(2)envy sb sth 嫉妒嫉妒/羡慕某人有某物羡慕某人有某物envy sb doing sth 羡慕羡慕/嫉妒某人做某嫉妒某人做某事事【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)The kids stared at Claires parrot and tortoise _(羡慕地羡慕地)2)They only say such unkind things about you _(出于嫉
25、妒出于嫉妒).3)To be honest,we all _(羡慕他的天赋羡慕他的天赋)in literature.4)They _(羡慕她打破了纪录羡慕她打破了纪录)of the 100-metre race.with envy out of envyenvied him his talent envied her breaking the record7.sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没使下沉；使沉没And when the ship sank,our hearts sank with it.(P38)be sunk in sth 陷入不快陷入不快(或
26、沉思或沉思)中中【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)A fresh egg _(sink)and an old egg will float.2)The Titanic was a passenger ship which _(sink)to the bottom of the ocean in 1912.3)The mother,along with her two children,was rescued from the _(sink)boat by a passing ship.will sink sank/sunksinking8.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放
27、弃舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n.放任放任，放纵放纵Before we abandoned the ship,Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies(P38)(1)abandon doing sth 放弃做某事放弃做某事abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于陷入，沉湎于(某种情感某种情感)abandon for 为为而放弃而放弃(2)with abandon 放纵地；恣意地放纵地；恣意地abandoned adj.被遗弃的，被放弃的被遗弃的，被放弃的【语境应用
28、语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with is wife and children.He owned a farm,which looked almost _(abandon)2)Bad customs and laws ought to _(abandon),since they are inappropriate for the development of the society.3)In his early days he _(弃弃医从文医从文).4)After divorcing her husband,she _(陷入了
29、绝望陷入了绝望).abandonedbe abandonedabandoned medicine for literature abandoned herself to despair9.selfish adj.自私的自私的How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!(P39)It is selfish to do sth 做某事是自私的做某事是自私的 self n.自我；自身自我；自身 selfless adj.无私的；忘我的无私的；忘我的 selflessly adv.无私地；忘我地无私地；忘我地 s
30、elfishness n.自私自私【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)In addition,you should show respect for all the teachers who _(self)help you gain much knowledge.2)It is shameful to break school rules,to be _(self)or to make little effort to achieve progress.3)otherwise,well have to answer for our _(self)sooner or later.
31、selflesslyselfishselfishness1.apply to 申请申请be applied to 适用于适用于;应用于应用于;施加施加于于apply oneself to 致力于致力于;集中精力做某事集中精力做某事apply sth to 把把运用于运用于However,when I applied to join the expedition,.(P38)【语境应用语境应用】翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1)这项新技术已应用于农业。这项新技术已应用于农业。_2)安全驾驶的条例适用于每一个人。安全驾驶的条例适用于每一个人。_3)他向公安部门申请了护照他向公安部门申请了护照。_Th
32、e new technology has been applied to farming.The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.He applied to the police for a passport.2.turn sb down 拒绝拒绝(某人某人)turn短语短语turn up 调调大，开大大，开大(音量等音量等)；突然露面；突然露面turn away 走开走开;转身转身;不让不让进入进入 turn out 结果结果是是 turn into 变成变成 turn to 求助于求助于；致力于；翻倒；致力于；翻倒;转向转向(to是介词是介词
33、)turn over 移交移交;翻身翻身;使使翻转翻转 turn in 上交上交(物品物品)turn on/off 开开/关关(电视、灯、水、煤气等电视、灯、水、煤气等)Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.(P38)【语境应用语境应用】用含用含turn的短语的正确形式填空。的短语的正确形式填空。1)His request for a pay rise was _ _.2)With no one to _ for help,she felt quite sad.3)Tho
34、ugh it looked like rain this morning,it has _ to be a fine day.4)She was _ from the door.She couldnt come in.5)She was disappointed to find her suggestions _.6)Dont _ the computer before closing all programs,or you could have problems.turned turn to turned outturned awaydownturned downturn off set短语
35、短语set up 设置；建立；设置；建立；设立设立 set free 释放释放set down 让某人下车；写下让某人下车；写下set about 着手着手做做 set out 启程；开始启程；开始工作工作set apart 使分离，使分开使分离，使分开set aside 放在一边，节省、保留放在一边，节省、保留(钱或时间钱或时间)set an example to 为为树立榜样树立榜样Unfortunately,three days after we set off I was discovered.(P38)3.set off 出发；使爆炸；引发出发；使爆炸；引发【语境应用语境应用】用用s
36、et短语完成短语完成句子。句子。1)If you really want to see the movie,wed better _ for the cinema now.2)Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者创业者),who in May 2021 _ her business Alice Candy.3)They _ the task of creating a new Web site.4)After the Civil War,the Southern slaves were _.set offset upset aboutset fr
37、eemake短语短语make it 成功成功make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通有意义；有道理；讲得通make a list of 列清单列清单make an appointment 约会；预约约会；预约make a difference 有影响；产生差别有影响；产生差别make a mistake 犯错犯错But how could we make fire?(P44)4.make fire 生火生火【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)In on sense should you lose heart,keep trying and you will _.无论如何都不要失去信
38、心，坚持下去，你迟早会成功的。无论如何都不要失去信心，坚持下去，你迟早会成功的。2)If you dont have enough time available but dont want to leave out any attractions,I suggest that you _what you want to see.如果你没有足够的时间但又不想遗漏任何景点，我建议你列如果你没有足够的时间但又不想遗漏任何景点，我建议你列出你想看的地方的清单。出你想看的地方的清单。make it sooner or later make a list of3)Luckily,my teacher se
39、nsed my problem,telling me that every small thing can _.幸运幸运的是，老师觉察到我的问题，告诉我每一件小事都的是，老师觉察到我的问题，告诉我每一件小事都能产生很大的影响。能产生很大的影响。make a big differencegive短语短语give in 屈报；投降；让步；上交屈报；投降；让步；上交give away 赠送；泄露；出卖赠送；泄露；出卖give back 归还归还give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，精疲力竭分发；用完，消耗尽，精疲力竭give up 放弃放弃This gave off oily,black smoke
40、,but it stayed burning even in strong winds.(P44)5.give off 放出放出(热、光、气味或气体热、光、气味或气体)【语境应用语境应用】用用give相关短语填空。相关短语填空。1)The famous person _ most of his fortune to the charity after his death.2)The children were required to _ their examination papers immediately.3)The rotting bananas are _ a bad smell,so
41、 youd better throw them away.4)At the beginning,learning English seemed to difficult that I wanted to _ without even trying.5)After two days,our food _ and we had to return.give away give in giving off give up give out1.the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small
42、 boats.(P39)1)一般来说一般来说,too.to 结构结构表示否定的意思表示否定的意思,意为意为“太太而而不能不能”。2)当当too后面是后面是kind,ready,willing,eager,anxious,satisfied,happy,glad等等表示态度、心情表示态度、心情的形容词的形容词时时,该结构不表示该结构不表示结果结果,也无否定意义也无否定意义,too在此时的意义相当于在此时的意义相当于very。3)当当too前面有否定词前面有否定词never,only或或not时时,其语法结构发生变其语法结构发生变化化,意思表示强烈的肯定。意思表示强烈的肯定。4)如果将如果将not
43、放在不定式前面放在不定式前面,动词不定式则由先前的否定概动词不定式则由先前的否定概念转为否定之否定概念念转为否定之否定概念,即肯定的意思即肯定的意思“太太不能不能不不”。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)She was _(激动地说不出话来激动地说不出话来)when she heard the news.2)He is too willing to help those in poverty.(翻译翻译)_3)Its _.活到老学到老。活到老学到老。never too late to learntoo excited to say a word他非常愿意帮助那些贫困的人。他非常愿意帮
44、助那些贫困的人。2.If it werent for sea animals.We would all starve.(P44)if引导虚拟条件句。引导虚拟条件句。虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法虚拟情况虚拟情况从句谓语动词从句谓语动词主句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反与现在事实相反一般过去时一般过去时(be用用were)would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反过去完成时过去完成时 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词过去分词与将来事实相反与将来事实相反一般过去时一般过去时(b
45、e用用were);should+动词原形；动词原形；were to+动词原形动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)If my brother were here,everything _(be)all right.2)They might have found a better hotel if they _(drive)a few more kilometers.3)If it _(rain)this afternoon,the basketball match would be put off.woul
46、d/could/should/might be had driven rained/should rain/were to rain3.Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.(P45)keep/make+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语复合结构中可以用作宾语补复合结构中可以用作宾语补足语的常见的词有足语的常见的词有现在分词现在分词、过去分词过去分词、形容词形容词、副词副词以以及及介词短语介词短语。【语境
47、应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)It is necessary that we keep the young generation _(inform)of the current affairs.2)The question kept me _(wonder)for the rest of the night.informedwondering现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1 1.现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始开始，一直，一直持续到现在持续到现在，或者始于过去，或者始于过去，现在刚刚现在刚刚终止，但注重终止，但注重的的是是结果结果。e.
48、g.You have been saying that for five years.Im fed up with it.Toms hands are very dirty.He has been repairing the car.2.现在完成进行时表示过去某一动作的现在完成进行时表示过去某一动作的延续性和延续性和重复性重复性，并，并常带有较强的感情色彩。常带有较强的感情色彩。e.g.Lily has been doing her homework since 4 oclock this afternoon.According to your teacher,you havent been
49、doing your homework these days.3.常与常与all this time,this week/month,all night,all the morning/afternoon,recently等时间状语以及由等时间状语以及由since或或for引导的时间状语连用。引导的时间状语连用。e.g.Ive been writing letters all this evening and Ive just finished them.She has been expecting a long distance call all night long.现在完成进行时与现在完
50、成时现在完成进行时与现在完成时1.现在完成时通常表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时现在完成时通常表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时却不一定如此。如：却不一定如此。如：I have looked for a suitable school all around the city.（已经不找了）（已经不找了）I have been looking for a suitable school all around the city.（一直在找）（一直在找）2.现在完成时通常表示反复发生的动作，可用现在完成时通常表示反复发生的动作，可用how many times询问动作完成的次数；现在完成进行时通常表示
