1、B1U4Using languageAttributive ClauseActivity 1a We can stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interestsc We can stay in touch with the people.We want to remain friends with them.d The digital age also enables u
2、s to find people.These people share our interests避免重复丰富句式衔接紧凑两类定语从句两类定语从句定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定语从句 Attributive ClauseI made friends with Jim.I met Jim yesterday.I made friends with Jim who I met yesterday.主句从句1.
3、连接主句和从句 2.替代先行词3.在从句中充当成分必要成分定语从句引导词关系代词：who,that,which,whom,whose,as关系副词：when,where,why非必要成分先行先行词词判断空格中需要关系代词/副词。1.The boys _ are planting trees on the hill are school students.2.Have you seen the books _ he bought yesterday?3.The student _ we visited yesterday is a famous artist.4.She is the girl
4、_ father is a professor.5.He lives in such a room _ has no windows.6.He likes to use the dictionary _ was published in 1986.7.Do you remember the day _ we met each other?8.This is the house _ we lived for 10 years.9.Cooperation is the reason _ they won the game.定语从句关系词做成分定语从句引导词关系代词(6)关系副词(3)whowhom
5、whichthatwhoseaswhenwherewhy主/宾/表宾主/宾主/宾/表定主/宾/表状状状人人物人/物人/物人/物时间地点原因关系词的用法主语宾语定语状语物人人、物关系词的选用：一看成分，二看指代1.The professor _ visited our school yesterday afternoon is from Pakistan.2.The man _ I talked to just now is Mr.Shao.3.These are the trees_ were planted last year.4.The radio _ he is using is mad
6、e in China.5.A plane is a machine _ can fly.6.He has come to the point _ his decision may influence his whole life.whowhom/who/不填whichwhich/不填thatwhere思考：什么情况下关系词可以不填？1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten ye
7、ars ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.whenwhichwherewhichwhythat/which几种易混的几种易混的情况情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词用正确的关系代词/副词填空。1.The boys _ are planting trees on the hill are school students.2.Have you seen the books _ he
8、 bought yesterday?3.The student _ we visited yesterday is a famous artist.4.She is the girl _ father is a professor.5.He lives in such a room _ has no windows.6.He likes to use the dictionary _ was published in 1986.7.Do you remember the day _ we met each other?8.This is the house _ we lived for 10
9、years.9.Cooperation is the reason _ they won the game.whowhywherewhenwhichaswhosewhowhichwhose1.The teacher praised the student.His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.2.The house is mine.The window of the house is broken.The house
10、whose window is broken is mine.whose引导定语从句时，相当于先行词的所有格，在从句中做定语，后面必须跟一个名词。whose2.The house is mine.The window of the house is broken.The house whose window is broken is mine.whose+名词可以换成the+名词+of which/whom。The house，the window of which is broken,is mine.3.Look at the girl.Her hair is long and wavy.L
11、ook at the girl whose hair is long and wavy.Look at the girl,the hair of whom is long and wavy.as We have found such materials as are used in their factory.These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.He is not the same man as he was.思考：1.as是哪一类关系词？2.这类句子有什么特点？as We have found such m
12、aterials as are used in their factory.These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.He is not the same man as he was.1.as引导限制性定语从句时，主要用于the same as，such as，so as 结构中。as在定语从句中既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主作主语、宾语、表语语、宾语、表语。that vs which1.当先行词既包括人又包括物既包括人又包括物时He talked about the men and the boo
13、ks that attracted him.2.指物指物先行词被the very,just,the right,the only,the last等修饰时These are the very points that interest me.The train is the last that will go to Beijing.3.先行词是指物指物的不定代词all,any,every,much,some,few,little,no及及something,everything,anything,nothing,none 或这些词被 修饰时There is still much that can
14、 be done about it.只能用that的情况that vs which4.指物指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容词最高级修饰时The first step that we are to take is very difficult.This is the best way that has been used to deal with pollution.5.主句主语是主语是who或或which时Who that have seen him does not like him?Which is the bike that you lost?3.有两个定语从句两个定语从句
15、，为了避免重复，一个用which，一个用thatThey built a small factory,which produced things that could cause pollution.只能用that的情况that vs which1.非限制性定语从句中He talked about his success,which bored others.2.紧跟介词后The is the house in which I lived for 10 years.3.先行词本身就是thatWhats that which flashed through the sky just now?只能
16、用which的情况练习1.I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.2.Whenever I met her,_ was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.3.All the presents _ your friends gave you should be put away.4.Do you know the writers and works _ are mentioned?5.This is the house in _Lu Xun
17、 once lived.6.Which is the dress _ youre going to wear tonight?thatwhichthatthatwhichthatthat vs whoAnyone who is interested in the sport is welcome to join.He who hasnt reached the Great Wall is not a true man.Those who are late for school have to face certain punishments.One who enjoys being alone
18、 has few friends.只能用who的情况当先行词是指人的代词，关系代词通常用who不用that。who vs whomI want to thank Jenny,who didnt give up on me when I felt down.I want to thank Jenny,whom I worked with in the project.The girl who/whom I shared my sorrow with will accompany me.The girl with whom I shared my sorrow will accompany me.
19、当先行词在从句中做介词的宾语且该介词提前到关系代词之前，关系代词只能用whom。在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词在从句中做宾语时，关系代词只能用whom。当先行词在从句中做主语时，关系代词只能用who。特殊情况 way What surprised me was not what he said but the way _ he said it.The way _ he explained to us was quite simple.The way _ he explained the sentence was easy to understand.in which/that/不填which/
20、that/不填in which/that/不填特殊情况特殊情况 way:1.从句缺缺名词性成分 that/which/省略省略(一看指代，二看成分)2.从句不缺不缺名词性成分 that/in which/省略省略关系词与介词词组的转换whose 作定语表所属 This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.This is the book,the cover of which is blue.This is the boy _ father is a professor.This
21、is the boy _ the father is a professor.This is the boy,the father_ is professor.whoseof whomof whom关系词与介词词组的转换where 表地点The hotel where we stayed wasnt very clean.The hotel _ wasnt very clean.We stayed in the hotel.in whichwherewhere=介词+whichin which we stayedExercise I study in Chengdu No.7 High Sch
22、ool _ there are a lot of hard-working students.I love the game _ we can get a lot of pleasure.I want to go back to the farm _ I worked 2 days ago.I want to go back to the farm _ I visited 2 days ago.wherewherewherethat/which/不填on whichin whichfrom which关系词与介词词组的转换when 表时间Do you remember the day when
23、 we met.Do you remember the day _.we met on the dayon the dayon whichwhen=介词+whichwhenwe meton whichExercise We are living in an age _ many things are done on computers.-Do you still remember the days _ we worked on the farm?-Certainly.Especially the hard times _ we spent together.whenwhenthat/which
24、/不填in whichduring which关系词与介词词组的转换why 表原因The reason why Im calling you is to invite you.The reason _ he didnt come is that he was ill.The reason _ he gave me is that he was ill.Talent is not the only reason _ he succeeded.why=for whichwhy/for whichthat/which/不填why/for whichExerciseComplete the sente
25、nces with the appropriate prepositions and relative pronouns.1.The region _ the antelopes live is very cold.2.The volunteer _ I spoke said conditions were difficult.3.He is a hero _ we should be proud.4.There are several animals _ special laws have been introduced.in whichto whomof whomfor which定语从句
26、的主谓一致 I,who _ your classmate,will share the work with you.I have many friends who _ very kind.He is one of my friends who _ ever been abroad.He works so hard,which _ him liked by his boss.(make)Henry is doing experiments in the laboratory which _ important to his study of certain chemicals.amarehave
27、makesare当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称、数的人称、数的方面应该与先行词保持一致。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The town where I live is beautiful.Beijing,where I live,is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.Please compare:形式形式作用作用翻译翻译限制性定限制性定语从句语从
28、句非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句插入成分插入成分修饰限定修饰限定补充解释补充解释能能不能不能.的的能否省略能否省略as vs.which(指代整个主句)据报道，14人在美国校园枪击案中死亡。1.As is reported,14 persons were killed in the campus shooting in America.2.14 persons were killed in the campus shooting in America,as is reported.3.14 persons,as is reported,were killed in the campus sh
29、ooting in America.4.14 were killed in the campus shooting in America,_ made people sad.whichas vs.which在在非限制性定语从句中，非限制性定语从句中，a)as从句从句位置灵活；which从句从句 只能放在主句之后。b)as有“正如、如同”的意思；which表示“这一点”。_ everybody knows,Shakespeare is a famous writer.The earth moves round the sun,_ is known to all.He performed the
30、task with success,_ was unexpected.as/whichwhichAs As sb.knows,/As is known to all,As sb.can see,As is said/mentioned above,As is often the case,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both of _ ar
31、e teachers.5.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem that1.I am reading Harry Porter,_is an interesting book.whichAttributive ClauseRewrite the underlined sentences with that,which,who,whom,or whose.Lucy is my friend who/that has a hearing problem.So I learnt a new language which/that allows me to“speak”with my hands.Lucy is a smart girl whose ideas are always inspiring.I sometimes have problems(that/which)I cant solve.Lucy is a good listener(whom/who/that)I enjoy sharing moments of my life with.Activity 2Attributive ClauseActivity 3that/whichwhosewho/thatwhich/that(whom/who)
