1、Section Lesson 3课文注解课文注解captain/kptIn/n.队长on the way to 在去的路上explorer/Iksplr(r)/n.探索者句中while引导时间状语从句；which引导限制性定语从句，修饰message，注意此处先行词和定语从句被介词短语分隔开了。the South Pole南极polar/pl(r)/adj.极地的food base食物基地in preparation for为作准备Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.为倒装语序。anxiously/ksli/adv.焦虑地 had
2、teams of dogs pulling为have sb/sth doing 结构，让一直做某事make rapid progress取得很大进步，这里指前进很快break down坏掉after a while过了一会prepare for为作准备the return journey回程，归程原文呈现原文呈现On 1 June,1910,Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey to Antarctica.While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a m
3、essage from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south,too.Then the race to the South Pole began!During the polar summer of 19101911,both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.Scott and Amu
4、ndsen waited anxiously for spring.Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September,1911.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.Because of this,he made rapid progress.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First,his two sledges broke down and then the horses began
5、 to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.After a while，Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December,1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting
6、 base on 25 January,1912,ten days ahead of their planned schedule.课文译文课文译文1910年6月1日，罗伯特法尔肯斯科特船长离开伦敦，开始了他的南极洲之旅。当他在前往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要向南去。随后，前往南极的比赛开始了！在1910至1911年的极地夏季，两个团队都组织了食物基地，为下一年的旅程做准备。接着，极地的冬季一片漆黑，斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待着春天的到来。1911年9月8号，阿蒙森第一个离开。他让一群狗拉着雪橇，他的队员都在滑雪。正因为如此，他前进很快。斯科特于11月1日离
7、开，很快就遇到了麻烦。首先，他的两辆雪橇坏了，然后马在雪地和寒冷中遇到了严重的困难。过了一段时间，斯科特和他的人不得不自己推雪橇前进。阿蒙森于1911年12月14日到达南极点，并在那里插上一面挪威国旗，然后为返航作准备，1912年1月25日，阿蒙森和他的团队安全地回到了出发基地，比原定计划提前了十天。1912年1月17号，斯科特和四名队员终于到达了极点。当他们看到挪威国旗时感到震惊。斯科特在日记中写道：“好吧，我们现在已经失去了雄心目标，必须面对800英里的艰难推进并且告别了我们大部分的梦想。”这次返程是探险史上最糟糕的一次，人们很快就疲惫不堪，食物也要耗尽了，天气状况也很糟糕，斯科特开始意识
8、到他们的绝望处境：“我们都很高兴，但我只能猜测每个人的内心感受。早上穿鞋的速度越来越慢。”然而，在返回的路上，他们抽空去寻找岩石，他们一路带着20公斤重的岩石，后来，这些岩石证明，在遥远的过去，南极洲大陆曾经被植物覆盖过。然后灾难来了。埃德加埃文斯得了一场可怕的疾病，重重地摔了一跤后就去世了。下一个去世的是欧茨队长，他走路很困难。斯科特记录了他的死亡：“他说，我只是出去一下，也许有一天我们知道可怜的奥茨正在走向死亡。虽然我们试图阻止他，但我们知道这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望以一种相似的精神来迎接结局，而且这个结局肯定不远了。”斯科特和他的两个队员继续前进，到了离他们的一个食
9、物基地不到11英里的地方。但是一场可怕的暴风雨开始了，他们无法离开他们的帐篷。斯科特花了最后几个小时写作。他给他的妻子凯瑟琳写了一封充满悲伤的信：“我可以告诉你很多很多关于这次旅行的事。你会为这个男孩讲多少故事但要付出多大的代价啊。”斯科特的日记中也讲述了他们的结局：“我们变得越来越虚弱，结局不可能太远。似乎很遗憾，但我想我不能再写更多了。”斯科特去世的消息震惊了全世界，连阿蒙森也被斯科特之死所打动，他说：“斯科特船长留下了一个记录，他诚实，真诚，勇敢，这一切造就了他的伟大。”斯科特未能赢得到达极点的比赛，但斯科特和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为英雄。.Read the text care
10、fully and choose the best answer.1Which of the following is a fact about the team of Captain Scott?ACaptain Scott set out earlier than Roald Amundsen.BCaptain Scott started on 1 June 1910 and marched non-stop till 17 January,1912.COn their way back,they carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with the
11、m.DThe whole team died from hunger.答案 C2Which of the following can NOT be the cause of the failure of the race for Captain Scott?AThey had to push the sledge themselves.BA storm broke out at a wrong time.CThey spent time writing home instead of struggling.DThe horses began to have serious difficulti
12、es with the snow and the cold.答案 C3The story mainly tells us _Aan experience of the race to the PoleBthe lesson from Captain ScottCthe way to the South Pole can be too hardDenough food will ensure us to go答案 A.Understand the structure of the text.Amundsens successful expeditionAmundsen from Norway w
13、as the first to leave，on 8 September，1911.He had teams of 1._ pulling sledges and all his men were on skis，because of which he made rapid 2._Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put their national 3._ there.dogsprogressflagScotts difficult but courageous expeditionScott and four team me
14、mbers finally reached the Pole and they were 4._ by the Norwegians first arrival.The return journey was hard for Scott and his men.They were 5._ and running out of food and the weather was terrible.All of the men died in the 6._.Result and implied meaningScott and his men 7._ to win the race to the
15、Pole but they were made into 8._ because of their extraordinary courage.shockedtired/exhaustedexplorationfailedheroes1.preparation n预备，准备What preparations do they need to make？(教材P36)他们需要做什么准备？(1)in preparation for准备make preparations for 为作准备(2)prepare v.准备prepare for.为作准备Theyve sold their house and
16、 car in preparation for leaving the country.他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。Mrs.White is busy making _(prepare)for her daughters wedding.怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。Mother is preparing us a meal.We may wash our hands and prepare _ the meal.妈妈正在给我们准备饭，我们可以洗手准备吃饭了。preparationsfor链接写作同义句转换To prepare for the 2022 Winter Olympic Ga
17、mes,he trains hard every day._ the 2022 Winter Olympic Games,he trains hard every day._ the 2022 Winter Olympic Games,he trains hard every day.In preparation forTo make preparations for2.base n基地，大本营；基础 vt.以为基地basic adj.基础的，基本的During the polar summer of 19101911,both teams organised food bases in pr
18、eparation for their journeys the next year.(教材P36)在19101911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。(1)base.on/upon.把建立在基础之上be based on/upon 以为基础；依据(2)basis n.基础；基本原则on the basis of 根据；在的基础上(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。The research group produced two
19、reports _(base)on the survey.以这个调查为基础，研究团队做了两份报告。First,he showed us the _(base)steps and skills of making tea.首先，他教给我们沏茶的基本步骤和技巧。basedbasic链接写作同义句转换The restaurant is based on trust,and it is working all right._，the restaurant is working all right.(用分词短语作状语)The restaurant，_，is working all right.(用定语从
20、句)Based on trustwhich is based on trust3.prove vt.证明；证实Later,these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past,the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.(教材P37)后来，这些岩石证明，在遥远的过去，南极洲大陆曾一度被植物覆盖。(1)prove sth to sb向某人证明某事prove oneself(to be).证明自己是 proved that.证明It is proved that.据证明(2)prove
21、(to be)n./adj.原来是；证明是The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法。As time went on,Einsteins theory _随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的。链接写作完成句子_ this method is effective.据证明这种方法是行之有效的。proved(to be)correctIt is proved that4.break down停止运转，出故障；(身体等)垮掉；失败；使分解；(谈判)失败First,h
22、is two sledges broke down,and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.(教材P36)先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。一词多义写出下列各句中break down的含义The printing machines are always breaking down._Food is broken down in the stomach._His health broke down because he had been worki
23、ng too hard._The talks between the two sides have broken down._出故障使分解(身体等)垮掉(谈判)失败break out突然爆发break up 粉碎；结束；解散break through 获得重大发现；取得重大突破；冲出Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break _听到战争可能爆发的消息人人感到恐慌。链接写作完成句子Although she tried hard,she still _.尽管她努力尝试，但还是不能取得突破。outcant break through1
24、.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(教材P36)接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter,谓语为came。完全倒装有以下几种情况。(1)将here,there,now,then等地点或时间副词置于句首，谓语动词是be,come,go,remain,lie,run等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。There goes the last bus.末班公共汽车来了。(2)表示运动方向的副词out,in,up,down,away等置于句首，谓语是表示运
25、动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装。Up went the arrow into the air.弓箭直射向空中。(3)such作表语，置于句首，意为“就是如此”。Such was what he said.这就是他说的话。(4)表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点概念或为保持句子平衡，且句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie,stand,exist,live,sit等)时，要用完全倒装。In front of the classroom stands a tall tree.教室的前面有一棵大树。(5)作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，要用“表语连系动词主语”结构。Prese
26、nt at the meeting were some important figures.出席会议的是一些重要人物。名师指津(1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。链接写作改为倒装句The days are gone when we were looked down upon._ when we were looked down upon.Gone are the days2.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis
27、.(教材P36)他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。本句使用了句型“have宾语宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。该句型用法有以下几种情况。(1)have sb/sth doing让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义)They tried to have her talking,but no use.他们试图让她说话，但没用。(2)have sb do让某人做某事She had planned to have her daughter marry Laurie.她本打算让女儿嫁给劳里。(3)have sth done让/请别人做某事；遭受到As we left w
28、e had a photograph taken together.临走时，我们一起照相了。链接写作完成句子He _ the other day.几天前他的钱包被人偷走了。had his wallet stolen.熟词生义写出句中加黑单词的词性和含义1He booted the ball 40 yards back up field._2He found her cold,ice-like and distant._3The parents position is often the polar opposite of the childs._熟记重要词语vt.猛踢adj.疏远的；冷淡的ad
29、j.完全相反的.一词多义根据语境选出captain的词性和词义An.船长 Bn.(球队)队长 Cn.上尉Dvt.担任(船长，队长)1She did once dream of becoming the first woman to captain an ocean liner._2Their captain said his team had played as well as it possibly could._3The captain refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others on board._4Are all
30、your weapons in place,Captain？_DBAC.写出下列词块的含义1make progress_2after a while _3prepare for the return journey _4all the way _5at one time _6on the way to _7ahead of their planned schedule _8in the history of exploration _取得进步不久；过一会儿准备回程一路上，远道，自始至终曾经，一度在去的路上比原定计划提前在探险史上9the weather conditions _10hopele
31、ss situation _11a bad fall _天气状况绝望的处境重重地摔了一跤1While he was on the way to Antarctica,he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south,too.句式分析while引导_从句，which引导_从句，修饰message，注意此处先行词和定语从句被介词短语分隔开。尝试翻译_练透常用句型时间状语限制性定语当他在前往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要向南去
32、。2We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death,but though we tried to stop him,we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.句式分析句中but连接并列句，第一个分句中that引导_从句；第二个分句中though引导_从句，that引导_从句。尝试翻译_我们知道可怜的奥茨正在走向死亡，虽然我们试图阻止他，但我们知道这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。宾语让步状语宾语3Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole,but the great courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.句式分析shown by Scott and his men为过去分词作_。尝试仿写梅西在五岁的时候开始在他父亲拥有的一家少儿足球队踢球。Messi started playing soccer at the age of 5 for a soccer team _后置定语owned by his father
