1、Unit 5 Humans and NatureLesson 3 Race to the Pole1_ n.探险者；勘察者2_ n.预备，准备3_ n.滑雪板；vi.滑雪4_ n.帐篷5_ n.靴子6_ n.队长；组长7_ adj.极地的，地极的8_ n.基地，大本营；基础 vt.以为基础9_ adv.焦虑地；不安地explorepreparationskitentbootcaptainpolarbaseanxiously10_ n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿11_ n.探险；探索12_ adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的13_ vt.证明；证实14_ adj.久远的；遥远的15_ n.洲，大洲；大陆16
2、_ n.坦诚；诚实，正直17_ n.真诚，真挚，诚实18_ n.勇气；勇敢的行为ambitionexplorationcheerfulprovedistantcontinenthonestysinceritybravery1in preparation for_2break down_3at one time_4carry on_为做准备停止运转，出故障曾经有一个时期，一度继续走，继续行进AntarcticaIt is the coldest and driest continent on the Earth,90%of which is made of ice;its inhabited b
3、y penguins.couragestrength in the face of fearThe South Pole It is located on Antarctica,one of the Earths seven continents.It is the southernmost point on the Earth.The South Pole has low temperatures and humidity and high elevation,making it an outstanding place to study astronomy.Look at the phot
4、os of Antarctica.What difficulties do you think explorers may face there?l temperaturel transportationl weatherl terrainl.trenn.地形What preparations do the explorers need to make?Try to think:How would they get food?Whats their way of transportation?How would they get over the harsh weather?carry or
5、depot enough food,build food bases.sledges,skis.carefully choose the optimal travel time.Here is an account of two teams journeys to the South Pole.Read the text and find out when the two journeys began and what happened to the two teams.On 1 June,1910,Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begi
6、n his journey to Antarctica.While he was on the way to Antarctica,he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south,too.Then the race to the South Pole began!During the polar summer of 1910 1911,both teams organised food bases in preparation for their jou
7、rneys the next year.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September,1911.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.Because of this,he made rapid progress.Scott left on 1 Novembe
8、r and soon had problems.First,his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.After a while,Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December,1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared
9、for the return journey.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January,1912,ten days ahead of their planned schedule.Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January,1912.They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary:
10、“Well,we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing and goodbye to most of our dreams.”The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott starte
11、d to realise their hopeless situation:“We are very cheerful,but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”However,on their way back they found time to look for rocks.They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way with them.Lat
12、er,these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past,the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.Then disaster came.Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.The next to go was Captain Oates,who was having great difficulty walking.Scott recorded his death:“He said,I am
13、 just going outside and may be some time.We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death,but though we tried to stop him,we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit,and certainly the end is not far.”Scott and two of his team
14、members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.Scott spent some of his last hours writing.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen:“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey.What st
15、ories you would have for the boy.but what a price to pay.”Scotts diary also told the story of their end:“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end cant be far.It seems a pity,but I do not think I can write more.”The news of Scotts death shocked the world.Even Amundsen was moved by Scotts death sa
16、ying“Captain Scott left a record,for honesty,sincerity,for bravery,for everything that makes a man”.Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole,but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.Read again.Complete the information about the two exploration teams.Scotts teamAmundsens
17、teamNationality of the two teamsBefore the journeyJourney to the destinationArrival at the destinationThe return journeyRead again.Complete the information about the two exploration teams.Scotts teamAmundsens teamNationality of the two teamsBefore the journeyJourney to the destinationBritishNorwegia
18、nThey organised food bases.They organised food bases.Two sledges broke down.The horses had difficulties with the cold.Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.Because of this,he made rapid progress.Scotts teamAmundsens
19、 teamArrival at the destinationThe return journeyScott arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January,1912 and was disheartened.Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December,1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey.Men were very tired and were running out of f
20、ood.The weather conditions were terrible.They brought rocks back for scientific evaluation.All members died.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January,1912,ten days ahead of their planned schedule.Read the underlined sentences from Scotts diary and letter.Work out
21、 the implied meaning of the sentences.Sometimes things are not stated directly in the text.To understand what is meant,we need to read between the lines.This is called“making inferences”.Read the sentence/paragraph carefully.Read the lines before and after it.Use your logic and knowledge to understa
22、nd the implied meaning of the text.Making inferencesRead the underlined sentences from Scotts diary and letter.Work out the implied meaning of the sentences.Line 21 “Well,we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing and goodbye to most of our dreams.”They lost th
23、e reason for the journey.Line 26 The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott started to realise their hopeless situation:“.We are very cheerful,but what each man feels in hi
24、s heart I can only guess.Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”The men were getting weaker.Line 33 The next to go was Captain Oates,who was having great difficulty walking.Scott recorded his death:“He said,I am just going outside and may be some time.We knew that poor Oat
25、es was walking to his death,but though we tried to stop him,we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit,and certainly the end is not far.”He is going to walk into the cold and die away from the team.Line 42 Scott spent some of
26、 his last hours writing.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen:“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey.What stories you would have for the boy but what a price to pay.”The journey cost the men their lives.Think and share.Even though Scott and his team lost the race to the
27、Pole,they showed true determination and strength of character which is seen as in heroes.Scott and his team are inspirational and not losers.Scotts team had always kept their goals in mind.They carried the rocks even in extremely difficult situations.The spirit and what they have done helped followe
28、rs do further research.Is Scott a loser in the race?Why?Complete the Word Builder.1prepare_2situate_3hope_4cheer_5explore_6anxious_7sad_preparationsituationhopelesscheerfulexplorationanxiouslysadness -tion -less -ful -ness -lyWord BuilderUse the words in the Word Builder to complete the sentences.1.
29、Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring during the Antarctic winter of 1911.2.Amundsen got to the South Pole before Scott because he had done more _ before leaving for the Pole.3.Scott and his team got into a difficult _ because their sledges broke down.4.Scotts team tried to stay _ despite o
30、f all the difficulties they faced.5.Scott experienced a great sense of _ after realising that all of his efforts to reach the South Pole were for nothing.6.Scott wrote about their _ situation in his diary.7.The bad weather increases the danger of their _.situationpreparationcheerfulsadnesshopelessex
31、ploration1.(P36)Both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.两支队伍都建了食品储备点，为来年的旅程做准备。Careful preparation for the exam is essential.认真准备考试十分必要。The third book in the series is currently in preparation.丛书的第三册现在正准备出版。The team has been training hard in preparation for th
32、e big game.为备战这场重要比赛，队伍一直在严格训练。n.(for sth)the act or process of getting ready for sth or making sth ready 准备；预备preparation n.预备，准备 The country is making preparations for war.这个国家正在进行备战。n.(usually pl.)(for sth)/(to do sth)things that you do to get ready for sth or make sth ready 准备工作 We made preparat
33、ions to move to new offices.我们已准备好要搬到新办公室。wedding preparations 婚礼的筹备工作 Was going to college a good preparation for your career?上大学是否为你的事业打下了良好基础？用法提示：(1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation(for sth)短语中；(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for。【针对练习】完成句子/翻译句子(1)_ the 2024 Ol
34、ympic Games,he trains hard every day.为准备2024年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。(2)He didnt _ this exam,so he failed.他没为这次考试做任何准备，所以没及格。(3)我们正为即将到来的考试作准备。_In preparation formake preparations forWe are making preparations for/preparing for the coming exam.2.(P36)During the polar summer of 19101911,both teams organised foo
35、d bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.在19101911年的极地夏季，两支队伍都建了食品储备点，为来年的旅程作准备。I spend a lot of time in Britain but Paris is still my base.我有很多时间在英国度过，但主要还是居住在巴黎。The town is an ideal base for touring the area.这个镇子是在这一地区旅游观光的理想据点。n.the main place where you live or stay or where a busi
36、ness operates from据点；总部；大本营base n.基地，大本营；基础 vt.以为基地 The company has its base in New York,and branch offices all over the world.公司总部设在纽约，分支遍及全世界。a military/naval base 军事/海军基地 an air base 空军基地 After the attack,they returned to the base.他们发动攻击之后返回了基地。n.a place where an army,a navy,etc.operates from 基地v
37、t.sb/sth/yourself in.:to use a particular city,town,etc.as the main place for a business,holiday/vacation,etc.以为据点（或总部等）；把（总部等）设在 Were going to base ourselves in Tokyo and make trips from there.我们将以东京为据点到各地旅行。vt.base sth on/upon sth:to use an idea,a fact,a situation,etc.as the point from which sth c
38、an be developed 以为基础（或根据）You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。The movie is based on/upon the popular novel of the same name.这部电影是以同名人气小说为基础（改编）的。【针对练习】完成句子/翻译句子(1)Three of the new products _ on traditional herbal medicines.新产品中有三种是根据传统草药研制的。(2)The two hotels are
39、attractive _ southeast Tuscany.这两个旅馆是去托斯卡纳东南探险最有吸引力的大本营。(3)医患关系是以信任为基础的。(be based on)_are basedbases from which to exploreThe doctor-patient relationship is based on trust.3.(P36)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着极地的冬季来临了，四周一片黑暗。该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter,谓语
40、为came。【句式学习】表示地点的副词here，there，up，down，out，in，away；表示时间的副词now，then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come，go，lie，stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。例1._ the bus.公共汽车来了。例2._ the headmaster.校长进来了。例3._ when we were looked down upon.我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。例4._ a tall tree.院子里有一棵大树。Here comesIn cameGone are the daysIn the yard stands用法提醒：(1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。【针对练习】用完全倒装结构完成下列句子(1)At the foot of the mountain _(住着一位老人)(2)Out _(一条大狗冲了出来)(3)North of the village _(流淌着一条河)lives an old manrushed a big doglies a riverThank You
