1、UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE素养导航 主题语境人与自我做人与做事 Tu Youyou,an 84-year-old female scientist,became the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct 5.Before that,she ever won the 2011 Lasker Award for discovering artemisinin,which saved millions of lives.She was grateful for the Lasker prize,and said,“
2、It is just a scientists duty.I will go on fighting for the health of all humans.”Tu kept her work in the 1960s and 1970s.At that time,Malaria could took away peoples health.Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240,000 times but failed.Tu Youyou,a member of the Academy of Traditional
3、Chinese Medicine,Beijing,began to study Chinese herbs.She read a lot of traditional Chinese medicine books and did a lot of researches on the disease.She devoted herself to her research and overcame a lot of difficulties.When artemisinin was first discovered,nobody was sure whether the drug could be
4、 safe in humans,so Tu Youyou volunteered to test it on herself.The test had worked and her efforts paid off.Few people are brave enough to risk their own lives in the hope of saving others.The first tablets were approved in 1986,and in 1999,the World Health Organisation added artemisinin to their li
5、st of essential medicines.Since then,the number of deaths due to malaria has fallen and it even disappeared in some countries.Then 40 years after the discovery,Tu was discovered by Louis and Su in Washington,who wrote about her story in the journal Cell.And at the age of 84,she was awarded the Nobel
6、 Prize for Medicine,the first Chinese person ever to win the award.She said,“Im deeply grateful to my family for their understanding and support.This is not only an honour for myself but recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.”词海拾贝pay off 取得成效tablet n.药片approve vt.批准essential adj.
7、基本的典句欣赏When artemisinin was first discovered,nobody was sure whether the drug could be safe in humans,so Tu Youyou volunteered to test it on herself.译文:青蒿素刚刚被发现的时候,没有人能够确定这种药物对人类是否安全,所以屠呦呦主动在自己身上试验。分析:本句的主干是nobody was sure whether the drug could be safe in humans,其中包含着whether引导的宾语从句。When artemisinin
8、 was first discovered是when引导的时间状语从句,so Tu Youyou volunteered to test it on herself是so引导的结果状语从句。探究思辨Will you choose scientific research as your future career?Why?答案:Yes,I will.Because it is science that contributes to the developments and advances of the world.Section ATOPIC TALK&LESSON 1.知识体系图解 1.ca
9、reer n.2.justice n.3.generation n.4.intelligent adj.5.generous adj.6.creatively adv.7.apart adj.&adv.8.drug n.9.stage mittee n.11.academy n.职业,事业 公平,公正一代(人)聪敏的;有智慧的无私的;慷慨的;大方的创造性地;有创造力地分开;散开药物,药材;毒品舞台;阶段委员会研究院;学会12.literature n.13.resource n.14.staff n.15.fame n.16.renowned adj.17.wisdom n.18.integr
10、ate vi.&vt.19.n.化学品 adj.化学的 20.adj.令人钦佩的;极其出色的 21.vt.钦佩;欣赏 22.adj.不寻常的;显著的;非凡的 23.vt.治好(疾病);治愈 n.疗法 文献资料;著述;文学物力;资源全体职员,员工名声,名誉著名的,有名望的知识,学问;智慧(使)结合;(使)成为一体chemicaladmirableadmireremarkablecure24.n.改革;改进 25.adj.有效的,产生预期效果的 26.adj.女(性)的 27.vt.授予;给予 28.n.荣誉 vt.感到荣幸 29.n.表彰;赞扬 30.v.获得,赢得,取得;受益 n.好处;利益
11、31.vt.建立,设立 32.adj.有限的 33.adv.最终;终于 34.adj.大有希望的 35.prep.尽管;虽然 36.n.潜力;可能性 37.n.发展;进步 reformeffectivefemaleawardhonourrecognitiongainestablishlimitedeventuallypromisingdespitepotentialadvance重点短语1.be awarded a Nobel Prize 2.one by one 3.灭火 4.努力争取,为斗争 5.心里已有 6.除之外 7.偶遇 被授予诺贝尔奖逐一;一个一个地put out firesfig
12、ht for.have.in mindapart e across重点句式1.However,Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret.2.Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China,her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that h
13、er work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds,saving millions of lives.重点语法 定语从句(3).阅读导学A.阅读pp.52-53文章,将下列事件按照发生的先后顺序排序。A.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize.B.Tu Youyou and her team finally discovered artemisinin.C.Tu Youyou studied Chinese medicine with experts in the field.D.Tu Youyou was chos
14、en to establish a team to find a cure for malaria.E.Tu Youyou studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre.F.Tu Youyou became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.G.Tu Youyou and her team used modern research methods to study the Chinese herbs.H.Tu Youyou was selected
15、 to be one of the most influential figures of science in the 20th Century.I.Tu Youyou studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine.答案:EFCDIGBAH B.阅读pp.52-53文章,选出最佳选项。1.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Tu Youyous research.B.Tu Youyous education.C.Tu
16、 Youyous childhood.D.Tu Youyous achievements.2.Which of the following isnt the reason why it was difficult for Tu Youyou and her team to study the herbs one by one?A.They have limited resources.B.They didnt have enough staff.C.Their working conditions were rather poor.D.Nobody was willing to be the
17、human subject.答案:A 答案:D 3.The word“noted”in the last paragraph is the closest in meaning to.A.noticedB.renownedC.recordedD.recognised4.Which of the following words can be used to describe Tu Youyou?A.Amazing and sensible.B.Brave and independent.C.Devoted and determined.D.Admirable and outgoing.答案:B
18、答案:C.阅读下列句子,注明其中的定语从句1.She began to talk about the life-saving drug,artemisinin,which she had discovered with the help of her team in the 1970s.答案:She began to talk about the life-saving drug,artemisinin,which she had discovered with the help of her team in the 1970s.2.A scientist who was on the Nob
19、el Prize Committee called Hans Forssberg explained that“the discovery of artemisinin has led to the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions”.答案:A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee called Hans Forssberg explained that“the discovery of artemisinin has led to the de
20、velopment of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions”.3.Later,she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.答案:Later,she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the
21、field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.4.In 1969,Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria a disease that killed millions of people every year.答案:In 1969,Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria a disease that kill
22、ed millions of people every year.5.The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.答案:The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.6.They did not have enough staff,and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.答案:They did not have
23、 enough staff,and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.7.Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame,she has become a scientist whose work is internationally renowned.答案:Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame,she has become a scientist whose work is internationally r
24、enowned.重点词汇1.Do you have someone in mind that you admire?你心目中有崇拜的人吗?(教材p.103)But why do you think firefighters are admirable people?但是你为什么认为消防员是令人钦佩的人呢?(教材p.103)【词汇精讲】在以上两个句子中,admire用作动词,意为“钦佩,欣赏”;admirable用作形容词,意为“令人钦佩的,极其出色的”。He admired his reflection in the mirror.他欣赏着自己在镜中的影像。Some people work v
25、ery hard and creatively to make our lives better,like scientists.They are also admirable.有些人像科学家一样努力工作,创造性地让我们的生活变得更好。他们也令人钦佩。【词汇拓展】admiring adj.赞赏的admiration n.钦佩;赞美admire sb for sth因某事而钦佩/羡慕某人admire oneself自我欣赏with/in admiration钦佩地express/have/show admiration for sb/sth钦佩某人/某事I admire him for his
26、bravery and learning.我羡慕他胆识过人,学识渊博。2.cure diseases治愈疾病(教材p.50)In 1969,Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malariaa disease that killed millions of people every year.1969年,屠呦呦被选中成立一个团队,寻找疟疾的治疗方法。疟疾这种疾病每年会导致数百万人死亡。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】在短语cure diseases中,cure用作动词,意为“治好(疾病),治愈”;作动词时cure还
27、可意为“解决”。在后面的句子中,cure用作名词,意为“疗法”。Better quality control might cure our production problems.更好的质量控制会解决我们的生产问题。He has tried all sorts of cures but without effect.他已经尝试了各种各样的疗法但是没有效果。【词汇拓展】cure sb of.治愈某人的;矫正某人的a cure for.某种的疗法This medicine will cure you of your headache.这种药可治好你的头痛。3.social reform 社会变革(
28、教材p.50)【词汇精讲】reform在本句中用作名词,意为“改革,改进”;也可以用作动词,意为“改革,改进”。China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.为了全体公民的利益,中国正在推进公立医院的改革。【词汇拓展】make reforms in在方面进行改革reform the tax system改革税收制度a reform of the legal system法律制度的改革economic/political/educational reform经济/
29、政治/教育改革national soccer reform国家足球改革We should make reforms in education.我们应该在教育方面进行改革。【技巧点拨】re(重复)+form(组成)=reform(重组)4.Malaria kills over 1,000,000 people a yearmore people than any disease apart from AIDS.疟疾每年夺去100多万人的生命除了艾滋病,比任何疾病都多。(教材p.52)【词汇精讲】在本句中,apart用作副词,意为“分开,散开”;apart from意为“除之外”。Apart fr
30、om driving you to your destination,it is normal for the driver and passenger to have a conversation.除了开车送你去你的目的地之外,出租车司机和顾客进行交谈是正常的。He has no interests,apart from his work.他除了自己的工作外没什么兴趣爱好。Apart from motorcars,the factory produces bicycles.除了汽车之外,这家工厂还生产自行车。Apart from good service,the restaurant off
31、ers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.除了好的服务,这家餐馆提供不同种类的福建菜。【词汇拓展】(1)apart from的含义接近于besides,in addition to(2)take apart拆开set apart区分;使有别于The workers took the engine apart.工人们将引擎拆开了。The two problems should be set apart from each other.两个问题应该区分开。5.The woman was Tu Youyou,the first Chinese
32、female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.这位女士就是屠呦呦,是中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。(教材p.52)【词汇精讲】在本句中,award用作动词,意为“授予,给予”,也可用作名词,意为“奖,奖品,奖金”。He was awarded a medal for bravery.他因勇敢而被授予了一枚奖章。the Oscar Awards奥斯卡奖Who has won the best actor award?谁获得了最佳男演员奖?【词汇拓展】award sb sth/award sth to sb授予某人某物Mo
33、Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,making one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.2012年莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖,这使得中国人民多年以来的一个梦想实现了。6.When thanking the Committee for the honour,Tu Youyou said.在感谢委员会给予自己这项荣誉的时候,屠呦呦说(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】honour在本句中用作名词,意为“荣誉”;也可用作动词,意为“感到荣幸”。Its a great h
34、onour to be invited here today.今天承蒙邀请至此,深感荣幸。【词汇拓展】in honour of为了纪念;为了表示敬意Its a great honour to do sth.做某事感到荣幸。honour sb with sth用某物向某人表示尊敬;授予某人某种荣誉be honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸A monument was set up in honour of the heroes who gave up their lives for the country.为了纪念那些为国捐躯的英雄,建立了一座纪念碑。The president h
35、onoured us with a personal visit.总统亲临,让我们倍感荣幸。7.This is not only an honour for myself,but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.这不仅是我个人的荣誉,也是对中国所有科学家的认可和鼓励。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】在本句中,recognition意为“表彰,赞扬”;还可以表示“辨认出”。She gained only little recognition for her work.她的工作仅仅得到极少的赞誉。He rec
36、eived the award in recognition of his success over the past year.他受到了奖励,这是对他过去一年的成绩的肯定。I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has changed beyond recognition.自从Sara还是个小女孩时我就没见到过她,她已经变得让我认不出来了。【词汇拓展】out of recognition/beyond recognition辨认不出recognise vt.辨别出;承认;公认be recognised as/to be被公
37、认为He changed so much that I did not recognise him at first sight.他变化很大,第一眼看上去我竟没认出来。They refused to recognise the new government.他们拒绝承认新政府。Lincoln is recognised as/to be one of the greatest presidents in America.林肯被公认是美国最伟大的总统之一。8.Later,she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expe
38、rts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.后来,她与该领域的专家一起学习了两年半的中医,从他们那里她获得了关于传统做法的深刻知识。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】gain在原句中用作动词,意为“获得,赢得,取得;受益”;也可用作名词,意为“好处;利益”。I hope you will gain greater success.我希望你们能获得更大的成就。Carries gained a lot of height recently.卡丽的身高最近长了不少。She gained
39、 high grades in math and English.她数学和英语得了高分。Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生应该参与社区活动,他们能从活动中获取成长的经验。9.In 1969,Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malariaa disease that killed millions of people every year.
40、1969年,屠呦呦被选中成立一个团队,寻找疟疾的治疗方法。疟疾这种疾病每年会导致数百万人死亡。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】establish用作动词,意为“建立,设立”。The committee was established in 1912.这个委员会创立于1912年。The school has established a good relationship with the local community.这所学校和当地社区建立了良好的关系。【词汇拓展】近义词(组):build;found;set up established adj.已获确认的;著名的an established c
41、ompany地位稳固的公司an established actor著名的演员an established fact既定的事实10.However,after hundreds of failed experiments,they eventually came across a promising chemical.然而,在数百次失败的实验后,他们最终发现了一种有希望的化学物质。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】在本句中,come across意为“偶遇”。She came across some old photos in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。I came acros
42、s the children sleeping under the bridge.我无意中发现了睡在桥下的孩子们。【词汇拓展】come about发生come true实现,变为现实come out问世;出版;显露come up with想出;提出come down下降How did it come about?它是怎么发生的?His new book will come out next month.他的新书将在下个月出版。11.Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age.如今,尽管年事已高,屠呦呦仍在继续进行研
43、究。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】despite用作介词,意为“即使;尽管”Despite her age,she is still learning to drive.尽管年事已高,她还在学开车。Despite all our efforts,we still lost the game.尽管我们尽了全力,我们还是输掉了比赛。I will try again despite the difficulty.虽然有困难,我会再试一次。【温馨提示】despite可以变为in spite of,后接名词或动词的-ing形式。12.There is great potential for future
44、advances if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated.如果这两种智慧能够完全融合,未来的发展潜力会很大。(教材p.53)【词汇精讲】在本句中,advance用作名词,意为“发展,进步”,也可以表示“前进,预先”;advance也可用作动词,意为“前进,进步;促进;推动;提高(价格)”。In the near future,more advances in the robot technology will be made by scientists.在不久的将来,科学家在机器人技术上会取得更多的进步。The soldiers
45、 were given the order to advance.战士们接到前进的命令。This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.这项研究大大促进了我们对语言学习的认识。【词汇拓展】in advance(of sth)提前,预先advanced adj.先进的advanced technology先进的技术Its cheaper if you book the ticket in advance.如果你提前订票要便宜一些。His ideas were in advance of h
46、is times.他的思想走在他那个时代的前列。重点句式However,Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret.然而,屠呦呦认为秘密就在于中草药。(教材p.53)Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China,her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the
47、 fact that her work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds,saving millions of lives.在那样一个对于中国科学来说极为困难的时期,屠呦呦因为她作为科学家的勇敢、运用旧智慧和新方法实现目标的能力以及她跨越东西方世界,拯救数百万生命的事实而闻名。(教材p.53)【句式剖析】第一个句子中的“that Chinese herbs might hold the secret”和第二个句子中的“that her work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds,saving million
48、s of lives”都是that引导的同位语从句,分别解释说明前面的名词idea和fact。His delay was due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.由于车半路坏了,所以他耽搁了。They came to the conclusion that not all things can be done by computers.他们得出结论,不是所有的事情都可以用计算机来做。The news that he won a scholarship surprised all of us.他获得奖学金的消息让我们都很吃惊。【句式拓展】(
49、1)同位语从句所解释说明的名词通常都具有抽象含义。如:idea,fact,news,hope,belief,thought,doubt,problem,suggestion等。(2)除that外,连接副词why,when,where,how与连词whether也可引导同位语从句。I have no idea when they will be back and settle down.我不知道他们什么时候回来定居。Then he came up with another question where we were to get the machine needed.接着他又提出了另一个问题:
50、我们应该到哪里找这台所需的机器。重点语法定语从句(3)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句一、关系代词的选用在介词后作宾语的关系代词一般只有which,whom 和whose。如先行词是物,引导词用which;如先行词是人,引导词用whom;whose适用于两者,但要注意whose后面有它所修饰的名词或代词,因为whose在定语从句中起形容词的作用。This is the ship on which I went to Shanghai.这就是我去上海所乘坐的船。This is the student for whom I bought the book.这就是我给买书的那个学生。The boss
