1、 名词性从句名词性从句Noun Clauses高三语法专题复习高三语法专题复习从句简介，知识回放从句简介，知识回放强化考点，走出误区强化考点，走出误区巩固加强，真题演练巩固加强，真题演练1.名词：名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?The boy is Li Ming.I 相关概念相关概念主语主语表语表语Mr.Wang,a 24-year-old boy,teaches us English.主语主语同位语同位语宾语宾语3.什么是名词性从句什么是名词性从句?在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的
2、主语、宾在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫这个句子就叫名词性从句。名词性从句。1.When we will start is not clear.2.She wont believe that her son has become a thief.3.My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句 名词性从句的种类名
3、词性从句的种类 II.名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引导词：1.从属连词从属连词：that、if、whether不作成分不作成分无意义无意义2.连接代词连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which3.连接副词：连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否是否”作状语作状语作主作主/宾宾/表表Thats _ animals should be kept in the zoo.Thats _ their habitat can be destroyed.whybecause考点一：区别考点一：区别that,what与与which考点二：区别考点二：区别whether 与与
4、if 考点三：区别考点三：区别 what,whatever,与与 no matter what.考点四：考点四：it 作形式主语或形式宾语作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句的语序考点五：名词性从句的语序考点六：名词性从句中的虚拟问题考点六：名词性从句中的虚拟问题考点七：定语从句与同位语从句考点七：定语从句与同位语从句名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳:考点考点1：连接词：连接词：that 与与 what 的区别的区别What he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true.that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充
5、当任只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任 何成分何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。且在宾语从句中有时可省。what 既既起起连接作用连接作用,又在从句中作又在从句中作 主语主语,宾语宾语,表表 语语(且在名词性从句中只有且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）可作表语）1._ he said so made us angry._ he said at the meeting made us angry.2.A computer can only do_ you have instructed it to do.（01全国）全国）3.中国不再是过去的样子了。中国不再是过去的样子了。4.A mode
6、rn city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.（04天津）天津）A.what B.which C.that D.whereThatWhatChina is no longer _ it used to be.whatwhatB:what(什么什么)/which(表选择表选择,哪一个哪一个)1.-Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is?-He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street.Im not sure of _.2.I read about i
7、t in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?（01北京春季）北京春季）whatwhichwhichWhat 无范围；无范围；Which有范围有范围解析解析1）_ you dont like him is none of my business.（1992)A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether高考题选萃高考题选萃2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(93)A.What B.That C.which D.The matter3)Theres a fe
8、eling in me _ well never know what a UFO is-not ever.(2002）A.that B.which C.of which D.what 考点考点2.区别区别if 与与whether v1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.v2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.v3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhetherv4.It depends on _ we will hav
9、e enough money.v5._ they can do it matters little to us.v6._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf 请你归纳请你归纳a.a.主语从句主语从句b.b.表语从句表语从句c.c.同位语从句同位语从句e.e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.f.直接加动词不定式只能用直接加动词不定式只能用whether（to do）g g whether or not 直接连用时不用直接连用时不用if只能使用只能使用whether 的情况：的情况：请你归纳请你归纳1._
10、the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where高考题选萃高考题选萃that 表肯定意义表肯定意义whether表疑问表疑问There is no doubt_ he will win the first place.thatv _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问
11、意义，相，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而当于名词后加一个定语从句，而v_等引导的名词性从等引导的名词性从句句含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。请你归纳请你归纳 whoever,whateverWho,what 考点考点3.what,whatever,who,whoeverWho will take the position isnt decided.v1._ was said here must be kept secret.v2._ we need is more time.v3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.v4._ breaks the law will
12、be punished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverAnyone who高考题选萃高考题选萃1.-Could you do me a favour?-It depends on _ it is.(06)A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever 2._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.(99)A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever高考题选萃高考题选萃3.These wild flowers are so special,I would do
13、 _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever高考题选萃高考题选萃4.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.(NMET 97)A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 高考题选萃高考题选萃No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.（误误）解析解析no matter 只能引导状语从只能引导状语从句，句，ever既可引导状语从
14、句既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句又可以引导名词性从句.no matter who/what与与whoever/whateverWhoever destroys the forest will be punished.（正正）1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity.2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that 考点考点 ：it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语形式宾语 it 作形式主语作形式主语
15、Whether he will come or not It is reported/thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that Can you understand them?1.This is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.2.It worried
16、her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.for It (2)it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if 或或when从句从句 it 作形式宾语作形式宾语(1)make/find/feel/consider/think it +adj/n +that/to doI hate it when people laugh at the disabled.1.Ive got to make clear that h
17、e told a lie.2.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004)A.this B.that C.it D.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他他发现很难使别人理解他.He found _.itit difficult to make himself understooditv1.It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.v2.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.v3.It is in th
18、e morning that the murder took place.v4.It is John that broke the window.v It 作形式主语和作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较1.The photographs will show you _（MET89）A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 从句一定用陈述语序从句一定用陈述语序v2.You c
19、an hardly imagine _when he heard the news.vA.how he was excitedvB.how was he excitedvC.how excited he wasvD.he was how excited3.He asked _ for a violin.（92）A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid 1.在在 think,believe,suppose,expect,guess 等等动词后的否定转移问题。动词后的否定转移问题。I
20、dont think this dress fits you （我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）2.在在 hope,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,think,expect,tell,say,fear 以及以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句代替一个宾语从句(指代上指代上文涉及之事文涉及之事)。3.I dont know whats wrong/whats the matter with him.其它需要注意的几个问题其它需要注意的几个问题4.出现插入语时的语序出现插入语时的语序1.Do you s
21、uppose where the accident happened?2.Where do you suppose the accident happened?3.Where do you suppose did the accident happen?v1.在在order，suggest，demand，advise，desire,insist,require,recommend,request等所接的等所接的宾语从句宾语从句中用中用should 型虚型虚拟语气。拟语气。should 常省略常省略。v2.在在order，suggestion,advice,desire等等名词后名词后同位语从句
22、，表语从句同位语从句，表语从句中用中用should 型型虚拟语气，可省略虚拟语气，可省略shouldv3.在在as if，as though引导的引导的表语从句表语从句中，在中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题：名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题：5.wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，即步，即 wish that 过去时过去时(跟现在相反跟现在相反)would+v.(跟将来相反跟将来相反had done(跟过去相反跟过去相反)How I wish it werent raining now.I w
23、ish that I had met that film star yesterday.4.在主语从句中在主语从句中:It is necessary/important/strange/natural/-that-1.His suggestion _to visit the Temple of Heaven interested his whole family.A.that they go B.which they should goC.that they would go D.when they would go2.All of them thought it necessary that
24、 he _ the meeting A.attend B.would have attended C.attended D.was to attend3.His attitude suggests that he _ really interested in it.A.not be B.isnt C.be not D.wasntv一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语、两种从句都可以译成定语 1)The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（同位语从句）我们队
25、取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。2)The news that you told us is really encouraging.（定语从句）你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句v2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用that引导引导v 1)The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.（同位语从句）（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。建议值
26、得考虑。2)The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.（定语从句）（定语从句）值得考虑的值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1、从句的作用不同：、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。The news that our te
27、am has won the final match is encouraging.（从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。我们队取得了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非来而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分
28、；而引导定语从句的当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。1)Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test.（that 不充当任何成分）不充当任何成分）2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语），又在从句中充当主语）v引导同位语从句的名词主要有引导同位语从句的名词主要有 fact,
29、news,promise,idea,truth,hope,question,belief,suggestion,thought,order,problem,fear,doubt,etc.v连接词用连接词用that(不能省不能省)不用不用 which，v还用还用how,when,where,why,whether（不（不用用if）etc.高考题演练：高考题演练：1.1989 These photographs will show you _.A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our
30、 village look like D.how our village looks like2.1992 Word has come some American guests will come for a visit to our school next week.A.what B.that C.whether D.when3.04上海卷上海卷 After Shenzhou V succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how4
31、.2006-What did your parents think about your decision?-They always let me do _ I think I should.A.when B.that C.how D.what5.2004You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is _ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how6.2005浙江浙江Daniel left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.A.who B.that C.as D.which7.1999 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where8.04湖南湖南I think Father would like to know _ Ive been up to so far,so I decide to send him a quick note.A.which B.why C.what D.how Thank you
