1、一，句子的种类（按结构）（一），简单句S+V+O(即主语+谓语+宾语）（二），并列句S1+V1+O1+but/yet/however/so/therefore/and+S2+V2+O2（三），主从并列句S1+V1+O1+conj(主从复合句的连词）+S2+V2+O2二，简单句的各种成分：在一望无际的草原上，有一只洁白可爱的小绵羊在翠绿的草地上欢快地吃着青草。主，谓，宾，表，定，状三，简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个三，简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个 成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有5种结构。种结构。结结 构构例例 句句主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词He
2、 smiled.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语We are Chinese.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语They study French.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直直接宾语接宾语Tom gives me a pen-box.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补宾语补足语足语（n,adj,adv,prep.phr,to-do)He found the old man dead.5种基本句型种基本句型1.主语主语+动词（动词（vi）she cried.2.主语主语+动词（动词（vt）+宾语宾语She likes milk.3.主语主语+动词动词+宾语宾语+
3、宾补宾补(n./adj/adv/介词短语介词短语/to do sth-）We asked him to come back.She thought him a good partner.We elected him our headteacher.4.主语主语+动词动词+间宾间宾+直宾直宾直接宾语：动作的具体内容是什么直接宾语：动作的具体内容是什么间接宾语：动作的对象间接宾语：动作的对象-为谁，给谁为谁，给谁Mum bought me a new toy.I will pass you some papers.She lend me some money.5.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语系
4、动词：状态系动词 be 持续系动词keep,remain,stay,lie,stand 表象系动词 seem,appear,look,感官系动词feel,smell,taste,sound 变化系动词become，grow，get，come,终止系动词prove，turn out She is a beautiful girl.I like fishing.It turns out to be good.She sent me a letter.It seems so nice.Your brother has gone home.The sun rises in the east.She i
5、s a beautiful girlI like fishing.It turns out to be good.She sent me a letter.It seems so nice.Your brother has gone home.The sun rises in the east.主语，系动词，表语主语，系动词，表语主语，谓语，宾语主语，谓语，宾语主语，系动词，表语主语，系动词，表语主语，谓语，间宾，直宾主语，谓语，间宾，直宾主语，系动词，表语主语，系动词，表语主语，谓语，状语主语，谓语，状语主语，谓语，状语主语，谓语，状语划分句子成分划分句子成分1.The girl under
6、 the tree is Kate.2.I bought a new dictionary.3.The boy is in this room.4.Your watch is not the same as mine.5.The poor boy was my son.6.When he came in,she smiled.The girl under the tree is Kate.I bought a new dictionary.The boy is in this room.Your watch is not the same as mine.The poor boy was my
7、 son.When he came in,she smiled.主语，定语，系动词，表语主语，谓语，宾语主语，系动词，表语主语，系动词，表语，状语主语，系动词，表语状语，主语，谓语阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的主语。阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的主语。1.Our school leaders are very strict with the teachers.2.Climbing is great fun.3.They waited and waited but Jim didnt appear.4.Sometimes the rich look down upon the poor.5.It
8、 is a challenge for me to overcome the problems.6.When to start our journey is uncertain yet.阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的谓语。阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的谓语。1.English plays an important role in many fields.2.Mary was late for school today.3.They couldnt be at home yesterday.4.Jack must be sleeping at the moment.5.I have finish
9、ed all the work by myself.6.All the kids are cleaning their dormitories.7.He doesnt study hard and he will feel sorry later.阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的宾语。阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的宾语。1.He dislikes her because she never keeps her promise.2.We should show respect to the old and protect the young.3.The doctor operated on the
10、 injured immediately.4.She doesnt mind being laughed at.5.I would like to make friends with you.6.Please help yourself to some fruit.阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的定语。阅读下面的句子并且找出每句话的定语。1.This is her shoes.2.The experiment building was completed last year.3.The great fire was soon put out.4.He often takes part in ou
11、tdoor activities.5.Please help yourself to some fresh fruit.6.The coming exams are very worrying.7.This is the library built last year.8.This is the road leading to the temple.阅读下面的句子并且指出划线在句中所作的成分。阅读下面的句子并且指出划线在句中所作的成分。1.Our school life is busy but interesting and our time is very precious and limi
12、ted.2.My hobby is keeping a diary in English.3.Your novel is on the desk.4.The novel on the desk is yours.5.She solved the problem in a special way.6.The other day he went away on business.7.The fierce dog looked at me angrily.8.They were both born in the countryside.9.He handed me an icecream,smiling.表语，表语表语，表语表语表语表语表语定语定语状语状语状语状语状语状语状语状语状语状语
