1、Grammar Modal verbs 1.ought toa.表表职责和义务职责和义务，说话人认为，说话人认为“应该应该”否定否定形式：形式：ought not to/oughtnt to 疑问句疑问句形式：形式：只把只把ought 提前提前e.g.下次下次过马路过马路时你应该更加小心。时你应该更加小心。You ought to be more careful when you cross the road next time.你你不应该再犯这种错误了。不应该再犯这种错误了。You ought not to make this kind of mistake again.-Ought I t
2、o finish the task before ten oclock?-Yes,you ought to.慢慢地进食慢慢地进食，有，有助消化。助消化。You ought to eat slowly and its good for digestion.You ought to hand in the homework on time.1.What time ought I _?Aarrived Barriving Carrive Dto arrive2.He _ speak to his mother like that.Aought not to Bdoesnt ought to Cnot
3、 ought to Dought to notb.表推测，多指按常理的一种推测，表推测，多指按常理的一种推测，“按理应该按理应该”e.g.According to the policy the price ought to go down soon.要是他六点就出发的话，这会儿该到这里了要是他六点就出发的话，这会儿该到这里了.If he started at six,he ought to be here now.c.多数多数情况下，情况下，ought to 可与可与should互换互换使用。使用。ought to的的反意疑问句反意疑问句用用shouldnt替代。替代。You ought to
4、 have helped him with his English,_?A.wont you B.ought not youC.shouldnt you D.wouldnt you 2.must和和have to must的用法的用法 1）表示）表示主观主观的义务和必要的义务和必要,主要用主要用于于肯定句和疑问句肯定句和疑问句,意思为意思为“必须必须，得得，要，要”；由；由must 引起的疑引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用问句，肯定回答要用must或或have to,否否定回答要用定回答要用neednt或或dont have to,意意思是思是“不必不必”；Must I finish the tas
5、k right now?我现在必须完成这个工作吗我现在必须完成这个工作吗？Yes,you must./Yes,you have to.是的。是的。(No,you neednt./No,you dont have to.不，不必。不，不必。)must的否定形式的否定形式mustnt表示禁止表示禁止，意思，意思是是“不能，不许不能，不许”。如如：You mustnt come here without permission.未经允许，你不能来这儿。未经允许，你不能来这儿。have to 的用法的用法 1）must表示一种主观的需要，而表示一种主观的需要，而have to 表示一种表示一种客观的需要
6、客观的需要，意思，意思是是“不得不不得不”。如：如：I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不参加一个重要今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。的会议。Mother is out,so I have to look after the shop.妈妈妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。2）have to 的的否定形式是否定形式是dont have to,相当于相当于neednt。如：。如：They dont have to buy a computer at present.他们目前没有必
7、要买电脑。他们目前没有必要买电脑。【考例考例】The boss has given everyone a special holiday,so we _ go to work tomorrow.A.cant B.mustntC.neednt D.shouldnt【点拨点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意考查情态动词。根据题意,可知可知这里表示这里表示“没有必要没有必要”,故只能选故只能选C项。项。【考例考例】What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You_ do anything except to be with them and be yo
8、urself.A.dont have to B.oughtnt toC.mustnt D.cant【点拨点拨】根据题意根据题意“除了和他们呆在一除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外起做你自己外,没有必要做任何事情。没有必要做任何事情。”可知这里选择可知这里选择dont have to表示表示“不必不必”。故选故选A项。项。3.needneednt+have done表示表示做了本来不必去做的事做了本来不必去做的事。She neednt have gone to the station yesterday.昨天她本不必到火车站去的昨天她本不必到火车站去的.（昨天她去了）（昨天她去了）You neednt
9、 have bought it.你本可不必买它的。你本可不必买它的。（你买了）（你买了）4.darea.作情态动词多用于疑问句作情态动词多用于疑问句、否定句、条件、否定句、条件状语从句及表示怀疑的名词性从句。状语从句及表示怀疑的名词性从句。表表“敢敢”e.g.夜间我不敢在小树林里自己走。夜间我不敢在小树林里自己走。I dare not walk alone through the wood at night.你怎么敢做这样的事情。你怎么敢做这样的事情。How dare you do such kind of thing?If you dare speak to me like that aga
10、in,youll be sorry.如果你在敢跟我那样说话，你会后悔的。如果你在敢跟我那样说话，你会后悔的。need/dare 作作实义动词用，常用在肯定句实义动词用，常用在肯定句中中,有人称、时态、和数的变化有人称、时态、和数的变化He needs to go there himself.He has grown up,we dont need to worry about him.Sth(sb)need(want,request)+doing/to be done The house needs cleaning/to be cleaned.The boy needs sending to
11、 the hospital at once.I wonder how he_that to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared sayAs it turned out to be a small house party,we _ so formally.A neednt dress B.didnt have to dress upC.Might not have dressed up D.neednt have dressed upD1.I thought you _like something to r
12、ead,so I have brought you some books.A.may B.might C.would D.must 2.Where is my pen?I _it.A.might lose B.would have lost C.should have lost D.must have lostII.高考链接高考链接3.I didnt hear the phone.I _asleep.A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have been4.-Is John coming by train?-He should,but
13、 he _ not.He likes driving his car.A.must B.can C.need D.may5.It has been announced that candidates(候选人候选人)_ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.(2002上海上海高考题）高考题）A.can B.will C.may D.shall6.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It _ true because there was
14、 little snow there.A.may not be B.wont be C.couldnt be D.mustnt be7.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journey.A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.couldnt have been 8.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _ be here at any moment.A.must B.need C.should D.could
