1、车身薄壁梁结构压溃的理论模型与轻量化设计张君媛张君媛吉林大学汽车学院吉林大学汽车学院2018-8-302018-8-30 第2页/总16页2022-7-28汽车车身薄壁梁结构的断面形式是整车性能,特别是整车抗撞性的重要影响因素。结构和材料的能量吸收特性对整车撞击后的安全性起着至关重要的作用。第3页/总16页2022-7-28多胞变厚度复合材料包裹多直角多边形p 薄壁梁的多种截面形式第4页/总16页2022-7-28压溃变形主要分为两个阶段 Phase 1.环形面耗散:2.水平塑性铰弯曲:3.倾斜塑性铰耗散:Phase 4.锥形区拉伸:5.水平塑性铰弯曲:6.沿倾斜绞线弯曲:根据最小能量原理:A
2、bramowicz,W.,and T.Wierzbicki.Axial crushing of multicorner sheet metal columns.Journal of Applied Mechanics 56.1(1989):113-120.【参考文献】p 薄壁梁压溃的超折叠单元理论:第5页/总16页2022-7-28角单元T型单元十字单元Wang Z,Liu J,Yao S.On folding mechanics of multi-cell thin-walled square tubesJ.Composites Part B:Engineering,2018,132:17-
3、27.【参考文献】p 多胞型截面薄壁梁第6页/总16页2022-7-28变厚度矩形截面薄壁梁平均压溃力:1.Zhang X,Wen Z,Zhang H.Axial crushing and optimal design of square tubes with graded thicknessJ.Thin-Walled Structures,2014,84:263-274.2.Sun G,Pang T,Xu C,et al.Energy absorption mechanics for variable thickness thin-walled structuresJ.Thin-Walled
4、 Structures,2017,118:214-228.【参考文献】p 变厚度截面薄壁梁第7页/总16页2022-7-28(a)454 (b)45/-452不同铺层变形对比坐标定义复合材料反对称包裹方管理论模型研究第8页/总16页2022-7-28p 塑性极限膜力与极限弯矩144222111112222,cossin11()()cossint ct ct cXSXY 4224211121242222222111sin(2)sincoscossin11cos2()cossinxmmcatttEGEENhhXSXY根据Tsai-Hill理论得出不同角度下的拉伸极限结合能量守恒得到x方向的等效拉伸
5、膜应力22221 224ccccccmmmmmmmmhhhhMhhh222,0,222,0,222,0,1 2()1 2()1 2()x trrz trz tx crrz crz cz trrx trx tMMhh rh rMMhh rh rMMhh rh r其中,得到拉伸极限弯矩第9页/总16页2022-7-28p 最终压溃距离p 平均压溃反力由于复合材料的堆积导致最终压溃距离与折叠角度的改变1mcdhhH 最终折叠角度arccos(1)df考虑塑性铰弯曲方向,环形面的拉伸方向等因素,分析超折叠单元的能量耗散根据能量相等求出平均压溃力21,34,6(2)4 42(+)4hmdxx tx cf
6、z txz tHPHN HIMMCMIN I HMHIb第10页/总16页2022-7-28p 理论验证实验验证仿真验证El-Hage H,Mallick P K,Zamani N.A numerical study on the quasi-static axial crush characteristics of square aluminumcomposite hybrid tubesJ.Composite structures,2006,73(4):505-514.Babbage J M,Mallick P K.Static axial crush performance of unf
7、illed and foam-filled aluminumcomposite hybrid tubesJ.Composite structures,2005,70(2):177-184.p 基于薄壁梁压溃理论的不同截面形式结构轻量化设计复合材料包裹变厚度泡沫铝填充变厚度空管泡沫铝填充十二直角截面复合材料包裹泡沫铝填充变厚度泡沫铝填充变厚度矩形截面方案编号方案编号平均压溃力(平均压溃力(kN)指数指数质量(质量(kg)轻量化效果轻量化效果吸能量(吸能量(J)比吸能(比吸能(J/kg)比吸能指数比吸能指数185.1290.480.9412.9914200.015090.33-7.00288.28
8、34.200.68629.2813685.919950.2922.95385.2020.560.64533.5113235.320519.8426.46484.7240.000.61936.1913199.921324.5631.42585.3970.790.57241.0313366.123367.3144.01686.3321.900.9165.5714120.015414.85-5.00786.1841.720.49748.7613371.926905.2365.81886.7522.390.87110.2122511.025845.0159.27989.9686.190.9284.33
9、22502.824248.7149.441090.4226.730.9482.2720807.021948.3135.261186.6482.270.69428.4514441.420808.9328.241287.8953.740.79617.9416196.420347.2425.391389.6065.760.9274.4319539.121077.7829.901485.5590.990.50448.0413336.426461.1163.071587.6643.470.50048.4513499.826999.6066.391690.8217.200.46951.6512621.726911.9465.851786.9042.570.49748.7613097.726353.5262.411885.8611.340.66931.0313913.420797.3128.171988.8054.820.73923.8114037.218994.8617.062089.9796.200.9304.1220683.022239.7837.06