1、1 168 中学2010 年科学素养测试 数 学 试 题2010 年科学素养测试 数 学 试 题 【卷首语】亲爱的同学们，欢迎参加一六八中 学自主招生考试，希望你们凝神静气，考出水平！开放的一六八中学热忱欢迎你们！本学科满分为120 分，共17 题；建 议用时90 分钟。 【卷首语】亲爱的同学们，欢迎参加一六八中 学自主招生考试，希望你们凝神静气，考出水平！开放的一六八中学热忱欢迎你们！本学科满分为120 分，共17 题；建 议用时90 分钟。 得 分 评卷人 一、填空题（本大题共 12 小题，每小题 5 分，共 60 分） 1、计算= . 28 2、分解因式： = . ) 1() 1(yyx
2、x 3、函数中，自变量x的取值范围是 . 1 1 4 x xy 4、 已 知 样 本 数 据x1，x2， ，xn的 方 差 为 1， 则 数 据 10x1 5， 10x2 5， ， 10xn 5 的 方 差 为 . 5、函数的图像与坐标轴的三个交点分别为（a, 0）(b, 0)（0, c)，则a+b+c的值等xxy32 2 于 . 6、在同一平面上，、的半径分别为 2 和 1，5，则半径为 9 且与、都相切的圆有 1 O 2 O 1 O 2 O 1 O 2 O 个 7、一个直角三角形斜边上的两个三等分点与直角顶点的两条连线段长分别为 3 cm 和 4 cm，则斜边长为 cm . 8、用黑白两种
3、颜色的正六边形地面砖按如下所示的规律，拼成若干个图案： 则 第 10个 图 案 中 有 白 色 地 面 砖 块. 9、将函数的图像平移，使平移后的图像过C（0，-2） ，交x轴于A、B两点，并且ABC 2 xy 的面积等于 4，则平移后的图像顶点坐标是 . 10、如图，平行四边形ABCD中，P点是形内一点，且PAB的面积等于 8cm2，PAD的面积等于 7 cm2，PCB的面积等于 12 cm2，则PCD的面积是 cm2. 11、一个由若干个相同大小的小正方体组成的几何组合体，其主视图与左视图均为如图所示的 3 3 的方格，问该 几何组合体至少需要的小正方体个数是 . 12、正ABC内接于O，
4、D、E分别是AB、AC的中点，延长DE交O与F, 连接BF交AC于点P,则 PA PC . 得 分 评卷人 二、解答题（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 题 号 一 二 总 分 得 分 2 13、已知（a+b）(b+c)(c+a)=7149 求： abc bcc aba 2 2 14、一辆客车,一辆货车和一辆小轿车在同一条直线上同时同向行驶,客车在前,小轿车在后,货车在客车与小轿车之 间，走了 1 分钟,小轿车追上了货车;又走了 6 分钟,小轿车追上了客车.再过 8 分钟,货车追上了客车.设出发时 客车与货车的距离为a，货车与小轿车的距离为b,求a : b的值 15、在 R
5、tABC中，斜边AB5 厘米，BCa厘米，ACb厘米，ab，且a、b是方程的 2 (1)40xmxm 两根， 求a和b的值； ABC与ABC开始时完全重合， 然后让ABC固定不动， 将ABC以 1 厘米/秒的速度沿BC所在的直线向左移动. )设x秒时ABC与ABC 的重叠部分的面积为y平方厘米 （y0） ， 求y与 x之间的函数关系式,并写出x的取值范围； )几秒时重叠部分的面积等于平方厘米？ 3 8 A BC M A BC 16、已知A（5，0） ，点B在第一象限内，并且AB与直线l:平行，AB长为 8. xy 4 3 （1）求点B的坐标. （2）点P是直线l:上的动点，求PAB内切圆的最大
6、面积. xy 4 3 17、已知半径为r的与半径为R的外离，直线DE经过切于点E并交于点A和点D, 直线CF 1 O 2 O 1 O 2 O 1 O 经过切于点F并交于点B和点C, 连接AB、CD, 2 O 1 O 2 O （1）以下） 、）两小题任选一题 ) 求四边形ABCD的面积 ) 求证：A、B、E、F四点在同一个圆上 （2）求证：AB/DCAB/DC F E B A D O2 C O1 A(5,0) B x O y l:xy 4 3 4 2010年科学素养测试 物 理 试 题 题 号 一 二 三 四 总 分 得 分 【卷首语】亲爱的同学们，欢迎参加一六八中学自主招生考试，希望你们凝神静
7、气，考出水平！开放的一六八中学热忱 欢迎你们！本学科满分为80 分，共18 题；建议用时60 分钟。 【卷首语】亲爱的同学们，欢迎参加一六八中学自主招生考试，希望你们凝神静气，考出水平！开放的一六八中学热忱 欢迎你们！本学科满分为80 分，共18 题；建议用时60 分钟。 温馨提示：g=10N/kg温馨提示：g=10N/kg 得分 评卷人 一、填空题（第 9 题 2 分，其余每空 1.5 分，共 29 分） 1室内天花板上悬挂一只吊灯。灯绳对灯的拉力和_是一对平衡力；灯对灯绳的拉力和_是一对相 互作用力 2各种形式的能之间可以在一定的条件下相互转化，请按表中示例完成表格。 能量转化 实例 电能
8、转化为内能 用电热水器烧水 使用干电池供电 机械能转化为电能 3坐在向东行驶的列车里的乘客，看到路旁的树木向后退，同时又看到汽车也在向后退，以地面为参照物，汽车 的运动状态可能是 、 、 。 4“跳远”是一项常见的体育运动。跳远运动员在比赛中都是先助跑一段距离后才起跳，这样做为了增大运动员 的 . 5 将 两 只 灯 泡 串 联 在 电 路 中 ， 闭 合 开 关 后 ， 发 现 其 中 一 只 发 光 ， 另 一 只 不 发 光 。 原 因 可 能 是 _.(写出其中一种即可) 6夏季，农户家常用一种没有烧过的粘土做的茶壶。观察发现，装水后，壶的外壁总是潮湿的。请分析： 这种茶壶能使里面的凉
9、茶水变得更凉些的原因是 。 你认为茶壶放在 地方变凉效果会更好。 7如图电路中，R1=10、R2=20、R3=30，开关闭合后，电压表示数为，则的示数是_。min R1消耗的电能_J；R2的电功率是_W。 第 7 题图 8如图是某家用燃气热水器结构原理图，微动 开关 K 与活塞相连，活塞与水管相通。淋浴 时，打开淋浴阀，根据 的 原 理 ，喷 头 有 水 喷 出 ； 再 根 据 的规律， 活塞应向 （左、 右） 移动， 由 把燃气阀打开，同时电子点火，燃气进入灶头燃 烧，有热水流出；洗完后，关闭淋浴阀，热水器熄火。 9一根绳子系着一个铁球，悬挂在一个通电螺线管右边，小球静止时与通电 螺线管等高
10、且不接触。请画出小球受力示意图。 得分 评卷人 二、选择题（每题 3 分，共 12 分） 10下面的光路图中正确的是 （ ） 11利用如下图所示装置将重为 100 N 的物体匀速从斜面的底端拉到顶端.已知斜面的长是 4 m，高是 2 m，拉力为 F=50 N，则该装置的机械效率为 （ ） 第 8 题图 空气 A C 水 BD 第 9 题图 5 A.40 B.50 C.80 D.100 12如图是使用汽车打捞水下重物示意图，在重物从水底拉到井口的过程中，汽车以恒定速度如图甲向右运动，忽略水的 阻力和滑轮的摩擦，四位同学画出了汽车功率（P）随时间（t）变化的图象如图乙所示，其中正确的是 （ ） 1
11、3 在如图所示的电路中,电源电压和灯泡电阻都保持不变,当滑动变阻器 R 的滑片 P 由右向左移动到如图所示位置 时,下列判断中正确的是 （ ） A.电流表示数增大，电压表的示数减小 B.电流表和电压表的示数都减小 C.电流表的示数增大,电压表的示数不变 D.电流表的示数减小,电压表的示数不变 得分 评卷人 三、实验题(第 14 题 5 分,第 15 题 10 分,第 16 题 8 分,共 23 分) 14如图所示，是研究“物体动能的大小与哪些因素有关”的实验装置，实验中让大小不同的钢球从斜面上同一高 度由静止滚下，碰到同一木块上。请回答以下问题： (1)设计实验的目的是研究钢球动能的大小与 的
12、关系。 (2)实验是通过观察 ，说明钢球对木块做功的多少， 从而得出结论的。 (3）若水平面为光滑的，该实验还能得出结论吗? ， 理由是： . 15在探究“滑动摩擦力的大小与什么因素有关”时，小华同学根据自己推箱子时，箱子越重，推起来越费力，提 出了“影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素可能与接触面受到的压力大小有关”的猜想；小辉同学根据自己推箱子时， 地面越粗糙，推起来越费力，提出了“影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素可能与接触面的粗糙程度有关”的猜想。下 图是验证他们猜想的实验装置图。 (1）小辉同学为了完成他自己的探究应按 两图进行。 (2) 若小华选用正确的实验装置进行实验得到下表所记录的实验数据， 请根据
13、数据在所给坐标中作出滑动摩擦力 的大小 f 与接触面受到的压力大小 N 之间的关系图象。 (3) 根据图像可以得出 f 与 N 的关系是 。 (4) 小华同学在实验中应使小车做 ，这样做的目的是 . 16.在测小灯泡的额定功率实验中，其中被测灯泡的额定电压为 3.6V，估计它的额定功率为 0.8W，为准确测出它的 6 额定功率，在操作台上准备了如下实验器材： A电压表 V（量程 0-3V 和 0-15V） B电流表 A（量程 0-0.6A 和 0-3A） C电源（电压为 9V） D滑动变阻器R1（0-50） E电阻箱R2（0-9999，最小分度值 1，变阻箱在电路图中符号） F开关 S 一只、
14、导线若干 （1）给实物图画出所缺导线，使它成为一个完整的实验电路. （2）若在实验过程中发现电压表 0-15V 量程损坏，无法按常规方法进行实验，请你在所提供的器材中增减合适器 材，重新设计出测定小灯泡额定功率的电路图，并画在右边的方框里（已知：0-3V 电压表内阻为 3000） 得分 评卷人 四、计算与简答(第 17 题 6 分,第 18 题 10 分,共 16 分) 17.小华家屋顶上有一台太阳能热水器，水箱容量为 150 升，水箱离地面高 12 米。则 （1）将水从地面输送到热水器的水箱中，至少需对这些水做多少功？ （2） 假如热水器接收到的太阳能有 50%转化为水的内能， 则使一箱水温
15、度从 15升高到 65需要接收多少太阳能？ (C水=4.2103J/(kg) （3）太阳能热水器是将太阳能转化成内能的装置，请说出使用太阳能热水器有什么优缺点？（各说一条即可） 18.如图为某厕所自动冲水装置， 浮筒 A 是边长为 20cm 的正方体， 质量为 3kg， 盖片 B 的表面积为 80cm2,厚度不计， 连接 AB 的是长为 30cm，体积和质量都不计的硬杆。当供水管流进水箱的水恰好浸没浮筒 A 时，盖片 B 被拉开， 水通过排水管流出冲洗厕所。 （1）当水箱的水刚好浸没浮筒 A 时，水对盖片 B 的压力是多少？ （2）盖片 B 的质量是多少？ （3）当水箱的水有多深时，盖片将自动
16、合上？ 7 2010年人文素养测试 英 语 试 题英 语 试 题 【卷首语】亲爱的同学们，欢迎参加一六八中学自主招生考试，希望你们凝神静气，考出水平！开放的一六八中学热忱 欢迎你们！本学科满分为100 分，共56 题；建议用时70 分钟。 【卷首语】亲爱的同学们，欢迎参加一六八中学自主招生考试，希望你们凝神静气，考出水平！开放的一六八中学热忱 欢迎你们！本学科满分为100 分，共56 题；建议用时70 分钟。 第一部分 英语知识运用（共两大题，满分 45 分）第一部分 英语知识运用（共两大题，满分 45 分） . 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）. 单项选择（共 15
17、 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案，并填写在答题卷的相应位置。 1. He likes playing _ basketball while I like playing _ piano. A. the; a B. a; the C. /; the D. the; / 2. September is the _ month of the year. A. nine B. ninth C. seven D. seventh 3. -Excuse me. Do you have a table for two? -I am sorry, _ there
18、arent any seats now. A. but B. and C. or D. so 4. -Doctor, Im getting _. -Well, youd better eat _ and take more exercise. A. fat and fatter; more B. fatter and fatter; fewer C. fatter and fat; less D. fatter and fatter; less 5. My parents promised to take me to the Shanghai Expo _ this summer. A. so
19、metimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time 6. - Linda, help_ to some fish. - Thank you. A. yourselves B. yourself C. you D. yours 7. Go and ask your teacher for help if you _ any questions. A. will have B. are having C. are gong to have D. have 8. The 2012 Olympics_ in London. A. will be held B.
20、 will hold C. is holding D. was held 9. We should respect people _ work hard. A. which B. whom C. what D. who 10._ strange weather we have met recently! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 11. Our sports meet may be _ because of the bad weather. A. put up B. put off C. put down D. put away 12. I am no
21、t familiar with QQ. Could you please show me _to use it? A. what B. how C. when D. why 13. -Must I clean the classroom now? - No, you _. You can do it after school. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. shouldnt 14. My friend is coming today but he didnt tell me _. A. when did the train arrive B. how did t
22、he train arrive C. when the train arrived D. how the train arrived 15. - Sorry for being late for the class, sir. - _. Come earlier next time. A. Never mind B. You are welcome C. Thats OK D. Not at all . 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分). 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文， 从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案，并填写在
23、答题卷的相应位置。 A A I am a student of Class 1, Grade 8. My school life is very 16 and I like my school very much. Our teachers are kind and 17 . Also I am getting along well with my classmates. Classes begin at 7:40 a.m. We 18 four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon. We learn many subjects
24、19 Chinese, English, math, history and physics. I am very interested in them but I like P.E. best because having sports 20 good for us and can keep us 21 . Because my home is 22 far from the school, I have to eat lunch at 23 . After school in the 8 afternoon, I often play basketball with my classmat
25、es on the playground 24 . At times I go to the school library and do some 25 there. I like to be there because there are lots of books, magazines and newspapers. In my opinion, we can learn a lot from reading. 16. A. interesting B. interested C. boring D. bored 17. A. friend B. friends C. friendly D
26、. friendship 18. A. give B. have C. take D. make 19. A. for example B. as if C. such as D. as well as 20. A. do B. does C. are D. is 21. A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. unhealthy 22. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few 23. A. table B. home C. work D. school 24. A. for some time B. for sometim
27、e C. at the moment D. in a moment 25. A. cleaning B. writing C. reading D. shopping B B Mr. Lu is a school teacher in a very poor countryside in China. He cant walk but only moves with his knees because of his serious disability (残疾). His “shoes” are 26 made to cover each of his knees so that he can
28、 27 forward easier on the country 28 . In spite of little money he made, he has been working as a teacher there for 36 years. He loves his job very much and 29 takes good care of the children. He is a hardworking person with a kind 30 . He never asks for much from life, and 31 he wants is very basic
29、 and simple. The happiest thing for him is to see the children get good education and 32 a better life in the future. Recently, some nice people 33 his story and were greatly moved(感动). They decided to help him and 34 him a pair of walking sticks, so he can “walk” with the 35 to and from the school.
30、 Some people have posted his story online and they hope this common great person will be able to receive more attention from all over the county. 26. A. especially B. specially C. usually D. mostly 27. A. climb B. walk C. step D. move 28. A. roads B. hills C. fields D. villages 29. A. never B. alway
31、s C. already D. seldom 30. A. mind B. head C. heart D. spirit 31. A. any B. some C. all D. none 32. A. have B. to have C. having D. has 33. A. heard from B. told about C. told of D. heard about 34. A. lent B. borrowed C. repaired D. bought 35. A. legs B. sticks C. shoes D. hands 第二部分 阅读理解（共三篇，满分 30
32、分）第二部分 阅读理解（共三篇，满分 30 分） . 阅读理解( 共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分). 阅读理解( 共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读 A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案，并填写在答题卷的相应位置。 A A From Feb. 8 to Mar. 1 is our winter holiday. I think everybody did a lot in the holiday. But it seems that I did nothing and it was my most unlucky holiday. I sp
33、ent a lot of time on my homework. Every morning my mother woke me up early and I had breakfast in a hurry. Then I had to do my homework almost the whole day! Im not a very slow person but the homework was too heavy! I was also unlucky when playing. During the Spring Festival, I played fireworks but
34、my finger was hurt because I was careless to light the fireworks. I began to fear playing with fireworks from then. I was still unlucky on my friends party. On my friends birthday, unusually I woke up at 10:50 because my parents went to visit my grandmother early in the morning. The party would star
35、t in 10 minutes! So I hurried to my friends home without breakfast. I returned very late that day and when I got home, my parents were very angry with me. Another worrying thing was my weight. Last term, I was 46 kg but now I am 51 kg! I have to consider losing weight! 36. How long did the winter ho
36、liday last? A. two months B. one month C. 3 weeks D. 23 days 37. The writer got up early every day during the holiday because _. A. he had to finish homework B. he had to have breakfast C. he was a very slow person D. his mother was in a hurry 38. He hurt his finger because of _. A. the Spring Festi
37、val B. his carelessness C. the light of fireworks D. his fear of playing 39. Why were the writers parents angry with him? A. Because he got up too late. B. Because he missed breakfast. C. Because he was late for the party. D. Because he came back home too late. 40. What did the writer want to tell u
38、s in the passage? A. He had an unlucky holiday. B. He had too much homework. C. His parents were very strict. D. He planned to lose weight. B B In recent years, more and more people like to keep pets such as a dog, a cat, a monkey and other animals. But usually people would accept tame(温顺的) and loya
39、l(忠诚的) animals as pets rather than dangerous ones such as a lion，a tiger or a snake. People love pets and take good care of them. The owners usually regard pets as good friends and some even consider them as members of the family. Although they are not human beings(人类), their behavior sometimes is b
40、etter than human beings, for they are always loyal to their owners. There are always many stories about brave and smart pets. We often hear that a pet dog saved the owners life or traveled thousands of miles to return home. Such stories often make pets more lovely. Some pets can also be trained to h
41、elp people with some special work. For example, trained dogs can help the blind to walk and trained dogs and pigs can even help police to find where drugs are easily. But pets are sometimes trouble-makers. Some pets like dogs or snakes may hurt people without any warning. Some people may become ill
42、after being hurt because of the virus carried by the pets. If they are not taken good care of, they will become very dirty and easily get ill. So pets are helpful to us but keeping pets is not an easy job. 41. What animals are thought to be dangerous as pets? A. Cats. B. Dogs. C. Snakes. D. Monkeys
43、42. Which of the following statements is TRUE about pets? A. All the pets are considered as family members. B. Pets always behave better than human beings. C. Sometimes some pets can protect their owners. D. Some pets like traveling far away from home. 43. Why do people train pets according to the p
44、assage? A. To make them more clever. B. To make them more lovely. C. To find drugs for the blind. D. To do some special work. 44. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Pets often hurt strange people. B. Pets can live well with the virus. C. Pets are dirty and dangerous. D. Pets should be loo
45、ked after well. 45. What is the best title for the passage? A. Training Pets. B. Keeping Pets. C. Cleaning Pets. D. Loving Pets. 阅读以下左栏人员的相关信息，然后在右栏中选择匹配的广告，并填写在答题卷的相应位置。 C C PersonsPersons AdvertisementsAdvertisements 10 46. Liang and Wang, Liang and Wang, both teachers, are going to take their sum
46、mer holidays at some beautiful seaside. They like good wine and shopping. 47. Chen Hui and Li Hong,Chen Hui and Li Hong, university students, want to travel on very little money, and would like to get to know the country by working with the local(当 地 的 ) people for two weeks. 48. Mr. Zhang,Mr. Zhang
47、, a young and busy manager, needs a holiday to relax. He would like to go somewhere warm and sunny, where he can swim in the sea, and he enjoys sports and dancing. 49. Mr. Lee and his wife,Mr. Lee and his wife, who have recently retired（退休）, want to see places of cultural and historic (历 史 性 的 ) interests，but Mrs. Lee hates flying. 50. Ling Xia, Ling
