1、第三部分 中考题型解题指导第四节 短文填空01题 型 突 破02真 题 分 析03高 分 特 训目录导航 题 型 突 破“短文填空”的考查方式是给出一段200词左右的短文,在短文中挖出10个空,要求考生通读短文,掌握大意,然后补全短文,每空一词。其中所填的单词是初中英语课标要求掌握的单词,主要以八大词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、介词、连词、冠词等 )为主。近几年短文填空没有图片,难度较往年有所加大。主要考查以下几个方面的能力:(1 )对上下文的理解和把握;(2 )推测句子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断;(3 )逻辑推理能力;(4 )对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况,注意本题不是单纯考
2、查语法知识;(5 )在一定的语境中考查学生的语法知识、词汇知识和语用知识等的掌握情况。近几年短文填空有如下特点:(1 )选材贴近生活,体现学科核心素养。近几年均选用了通俗易懂、熟悉地道的故事性语言材料,学生读起来容易理解故事情节。(2 )考查重点突出,答案灵活。重点考查名词、动词、形容词、连词,其中对名词及动词相关时态的灵活运用考查较多,且答案多样化,充分考虑了学生思维的多样性。(3 )难度较大,得分率较低。短文填空题历年来难度最大,要求学生在读懂原文的基础上,准确填写所缺的词,同时还要注意时态、语态、词形的变化,对学生的基本功要求很高,是令学生最头痛的考题。近几年此题型的平均分仅为3.96分
3、,是考生失分最严重的题型。20172019年广东中考英语短文填空考点分析题号题号考点考点年份年份717273747576777879802019年年从属从属连词连词(Though/Although )介词介词(because of )时间时间副词副词(ago )物主物主代词代词(his )名词名词(animals )形容形容词词(favourite )动词动词短语短语(take a photo of )冠词冠词和和固定固定搭配搭配(a lot of )名词名词(life )并列并列连词连词(and )2018年年介词介词(in )定语定语从句从句关系关系代代词词(who/that )一般一般过
4、过去时去时的的被动被动语态语态形容形容词词(long/wide )形容形容词词(such )副词副词(however )冠词冠词和和固定固定搭搭配配(a period of )动词动词短语短语(cheer sb.up )名词名词(first )反身反身代词代词(himself )2017年年介词介词(without )冠词冠词(the )人称人称代词代词(they )动词动词(sits )连词连词(if )形容形容词词(easy )名词名词(changes )名词名词(library )副词副词(online )固定固定搭配搭配(all kinds of )真 题 分 析(2019广东 )短文
5、填空(本大题有10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分 )请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。Last winter holiday,I visited a village with only 11 houses.71 the village was very small,I spent a whole day in it.The village became popular because 72 Grandpa Huangs hard work.He bought a house there over 30 years 73
6、,but in 2010 the village was to be pulled down.In order to save the old village,Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of 74 own house and other houses.He painted things that he liked.In the village,there were many paintings of 75,such as cats and birds.The most popular paintings for visitors were of fa
7、mous people.One of them was a picture of Andy.He was my 76 singer.I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to 77 a photo of that painting and me.On the ground of the village,Grandpa Huang has painted 78 lot of well-known Chinese sayings.From them,Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy 79.I
8、 really had a good time in the village 80 wished to visit it again.【语篇解读】本文是一篇游记,主要记叙了“我”在去年寒假参观一个小村庄的所见所闻。【答案详解】71.Although/Though考查从属连词。此句的前后内容之间存在让步关系,故用表示让步关系的although或though。此句意为“虽然这个村子很小,但我在里面度过了一天的时光。”72.of考查介词短语。短语because of意为“因为,由于”,后接名词(短语 )、代词或动名词等。Grandpa Huangs hard work是名词短语。句意:由于黄爷爷的努
9、力,村子变得很受欢迎。73.ago考查时间副词。结合语境可推知,此处指在30多年前,黄爷爷在那里买了一所房子。ago意为“以前,以往”,与一般过去时连用。74.his考查物主代词。结合空格后的“own house and other houses”可推知,此处指黄爷爷他自己的房子,故用his。75.animals考查名词。结合空格后的“such as cats and birds”,可知此处指很多动物的画。76.favo(u )rite考查形容词。结合下一句“I liked him so much that I asked a visitor toa photo of that painting and me.”可推知,Andy是“我”最喜爱的歌手。77.take考查动词短语。短语take a photo of意为“给拍照片”。此处指给“我”和那幅画拍一张照片。78.a考查冠词和固定搭配。短语a lot of意为“很多”。79.life考查名词和固定搭配。结合上一句可推知,黄爷爷从这些中国谚语中学习去过长寿且幸福的生活。live a long and happy life意为“过着长寿且幸福的生活”。80.and考查并列连词。and在此处表示并列,连接两个并列的谓语动词。高 分 特 训(本部分训练请练习“第二部分话题专项训练”的第四题“短文填空”)
