1、 Discovering Useful StructuresBasic Sentence StructuresPeriod4Made by Cathy修水琴海学校In this class,you will know the basic sentence structures of English.learn to analyze the structure of the sentences from the text.Lead-in the basic components of a sentence1.S(subject)主语2.V(verb)谓语动词3.O(object)宾语4.P(pr
2、edicative)表语5.A(adverb)状语6.DO(direct object)直接宾语7.IO(indirect object)间接宾语8.C(object complement)宾语补足语prdktv|dv:b|attribute|trbju:t|n.定语定语1.A boy read a book.2.She is my sister.3.Mr.Wang is a teacher.Information:a noun/pronoun used as a subject.主语：S(subject)是句子所叙述的主体。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词和短语来充当。What kind
3、of component is each underlined part in the sentence?谓语V(verb)：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。1 A tiger eats meat.2 A fish can swim.3 He doesnt like fruit.Information:different verb forms.宾语O(object)：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。1 Lions eat meat.2 I like it.3 He called Tom.Informati
4、on:a noun/pronoun used as an object.表语P(predicative)：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。1 He looks fine.2 You are happy.3 He became a teacher.Information:link verb+predicative(adj./n.)状语A(adverbial)：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。1 He lives in Shenz
5、hen.2 You go to school by bus.3 We like English very much.Information:adverbs,prepositional phrases，nonfinite verb phrases直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语(indirect object)双宾语：表示物的叫作直接宾语 direct object（简称“直宾”），表示人的叫作间接宾语 indirect object(简称“间宾）。1 He gave me a pen.2 We bought him a gift.3 He wrote me a letter.In
6、formation:a noun/pronoun used as indirect object and direct object宾语补足语(object complement)：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。1 The war made him a hero.2 The fire left him homeless.3 He found his glasses broken.Information:complementtell the basic components of the sentence.1.S(subject)主语2.V(verb)谓语动词3
7、.0(object)宾语4.P(predicative)表语5.A(adverb)状语6.DO(direct object)直接宾语7.IO(indirect object)间接宾语8.C(object complement)宾语补足语prdktvattribute|trbju:t|n.定语定语SV（主谓）（主谓）He is working.He will come.谓语是主语所做的动作。谓语是主语所做的动作。简单句基本句型简单句基本句型 SVO（主谓宾）（主谓宾）He looks at a table.宾语是动作作用的对象。宾语是动作作用的对象。GrammarSP（主系表（主系表）He lo
8、oks young.表语是对主语特征的描述。表语是对主语特征的描述。表语前的动词叫系动词。表语前的动词叫系动词。SVOO（主谓宾宾）（主谓宾宾）He gives me a pen.间接宾语通常是人，间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。直接宾语通常是物。SVOCHe asks us to take a notebook.宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。He runs very fast.状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子。状语修饰动词，形容词、副词或整个句子。SVA(主谓状）主谓状）I met my friend yesterday.SVOA(主谓宾状）
9、主谓宾状）There be.Theres a lot to explore at senior high.SV SVOS V IO DOSPSVOC主语主语+谓语谓语主语主语+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语主语主语+谓语谓语+双宾语双宾语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补SVA主语主语+谓语谓语+状语状语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+状语状语SVOAThere beAll of us laughed!I miss my grandma.The teacher was kind and friendly.He told us a funny story.I found most of
10、my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.He talked too much.I had my first maths class at senior high school.Theres a lot to explore at senior high.写出句子结构类型。写出句子结构类型。1)Everybody smiled.2)The car caught fire.3)Did the milk turn sour?4)He bought his wife a dress.5)Roy found his new job rather b
11、oring.6)Your brother got up at 10 oclock.7)I havent seen Daniel for long.8)Are there any gardens in the town?SVSVOSPSVOOSVOCSVASVOAthere bePractice完成句子。完成句子。1)There _(be)an English corner in our school.2)There _(be)a number of students coming from foreign countries.3)There _(be)much time for us to t
12、hink of a good idea.4)There _(be)a child and a couple in the room.isareisisprinciple of proximity 就近原则singular verb 单数动词plural verb 复数动词1.The 100-year-old school lies in the center of the city.2.We must act.3.The maths homework looks easy.4.The teacher found the classroom empty.5.My mum bought me a
13、new dictionary.The maths homework Read the sentences and analyze the structures.SVIODOSVOCSVSPSVAThe 100-year-old school liesin the center of the cityWe must actlooks easyThe teacher found the classroom emptyMy mum bought me a new dictionary6.Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange studen
14、t.7.There is an English Corner at our school.8.We had chemistry in the newly built lab.SVOThere beSVOATom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange studentThere is We had chemistry in the newly built labHow would you like to go to school and travel the world at thesame time?For Tim,that dream h
15、as come true!This term,Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!They take the same subjects as you do,like maths and English.They also learn about ships and the sea.Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.SVSVASVOTim writes his parents an email every week and tells
16、 them what happened on the ship.Tim loves living on the ship.Theres always something exciting to do.And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!SVIO DOVIODOThere beSPTom is looki
17、ng forward to meeting the new exchange student.look forward to:to be excited and pleased about something that is going to happen 期待期待;盼望盼望(to为介词，后跟名词或动词为介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式形式)eg Motor traders are looking forward to a further increase in vehicle sales.He was looking forward to working with the new manag
18、er.Language points【拓展拓展】look短语：短语：look back on sth 回想，记起回想，记起look through sth.仔细检查，快递阅读仔细检查，快递阅读(某物某物)look up to 尊重，仰慕尊重，仰慕look down on/upon 轻视，看不起轻视，看不起look into 调查调查 look out 小心，当心小心，当心look on 旁观旁观基本句型：基本句型：一、主谓一、主谓 SV二、二、主主(系系)表表 SP三、主谓宾三、主谓宾 SVO四、主谓宾宾四、主谓宾宾 SVOO五、主谓宾补五、主谓宾补 SVOC六、主谓状六、主谓状 SVA七、主谓宾状七、主谓宾状 SVOA八、八、there be结构结构 SummaryTHANKS!
