1、版本：新人教 单元：必修一 Unit 4(Listening and Speaking)单词课堂本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.disaster词块：a natural disaster,an air disaster2.landslide构词：land(土地)+slide3.slide一词多义：基本义“(使)滑动”；隐喻：人、物等“滑动”人、物等悄悄“滑动”到某处 (使)悄悄移动名词“滑梯”“幻灯片”4.flood隐喻：具体的“洪水”抽象的像洪水一样的(事物)大量、大批名词动词化(基本义“像洪水一样涌入”)5.rescue近义词：save词块：rescue workers,come to s
2、bs rescue,rescue sb from 6.damage精准的汉语释义：损害、损坏，侧重“损”词块：cause/do damage to7.destroy构词：de-(down 向下)+stroy(=struct,to build 建)破坏建筑的结构 毁坏(精准的汉语释义)派生词：destruction8.evacuate构词：e-(=ex-,out 向外)+vacu(empty 空的)-ate(动词后缀)向外撤，使里面变空 撤离、疏散9.helicopter 拓展：plane,aeroplane,airplane,aircrafthelicopter parents(直升机父母)，
3、像直升机一样盘旋在孩子的上空，时时刻刻监控着孩子的一举一动。10.death词族：die,dead,death,dying词块：be bored/scared/frightened to death11.affect基本义：影响；熟词生义：使感动；使感染(疾病)12.shelter一词多义：基本义“提供保护的建筑物”词块：take shelter from,under the shelter of名词动词化：shelter from 重难点词精讲damage,destroy,ruin精准的汉语释义辨析义affect,effect辨析义一词多义shelterfloodrescue一词多义搭配义
4、vt 营救 to save sb/sth from a dangerous or harmful situation：She was rescued from a burning building.n U&C 救援；营救：come to sbs rescue Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.rescue 辨析辨析damage,destroy,ruindamage和destroy可谓是形影不离的好朋友，想表达“遭到破坏”到底用哪个词才对呢？我们先来看一篇学生习作。U 损害；损坏；损失损害；损坏
5、；损失 harm or injury causedwhen sth is broken or spoiled：He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage.do/cause damage to:The problem is clear:man has done great damage to his home over the years.2008 全国 C 复数 损害赔偿金：He was ordered to pay damages of$30,000.damage n 损害；损坏：损害；损坏：(名词动词化）名词动词化）Dont
6、damage your health for a good figure.侧重“损损”，可修复damage vt 词汇拓展 effective R3 adj 有效的 (反 ineffective)；生效的：take effective measures/steps The more I understood fish,the more I became effective at finding and catching them.2015 广东 effectively adv 有效地 effectiveness n U 有效性take effect 生效(come into effect)；起
7、作用：These measures are just beginning to take effect.必修二必修二U2词语辨析affect/effect affect（动词）=to have an influence on sb/sth；影响某人影响某人/某事某事：Does television affect childrens behaviour?effect（名词）=result,influence；作用；影响作用；影响：Does television have an effect on childrens behaviour?shelter n C 遮盖物；躲避处；避难所：（暂时性）遮
8、盖物；躲避处；避难所：（暂时性）We should find a shelter from the wind.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.人教新必修 4改 U 居所；住处：居所；住处：Food,clothing,fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs.2011 湖北改 U 保护；掩蔽；庇护：保护；掩蔽；庇护：find/take shelter from the rain They were standing under t
9、he shelter of a huge tree.vt 掩蔽；保护：掩蔽；保护：Graduation represents moving from the sheltered life of high school into the real world.shelter.from:Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms.vi 躲避；避难：躲避；避难：We sat in the shade,sheltering from the sun.名词动化名词动化 vshelter 的语义网络的语义网络 vt 掩蔽；
10、保护；掩蔽；保护；为为提供避难所提供避难所 vi 躲避；避躲避；避难难 保护；掩蔽；保护；掩蔽；庇护庇护 居所；住处居所；住处 遮盖物；躲遮盖物；躲避处；避难所避处；避难所抽象的提供保护的地方为人们提供长期遮风避雨的地方为人们提供暂时的遮风避雨或避难的地方提供保护的建筑物(基本义)名词动词wave v vi 摇摆：The branches were waving in the breeze.vt 挥舞；挥动：Crowds lined the route,waving flags and cheering.vt&vi 挥手（表示）；（向）挥手示意：wave sb goodbye/wave goo
11、dbye to sb Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa.wave n C 波(浪)：A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea.挥手；招手：He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.(活动或感情的)风潮；浪潮：a wave of panic/protest (声、光、电等的)波：sound waves ride a/the wave of 受益于；乘之势来回移动来回移动 /摇摆摇摆wave基本义物体物体摇摆摇摆人人摇摆摇摆物
12、体物体人人摇摆摇摆手手摇摆挥舞；挥动 挥手（表示）；（向）挥手示意波（浪）挥手；招手nwave语义网络图（声、光、电等的）波v波浪波浪热声光电热声光电趁热打铁趁热打铁Strike while the iron is hot.strike vt 正式用语正式用语 打；撞击打；撞击：The ship struck a rock.The boy fell,striking his head on the edge of the table.vi&vt（时钟等时钟等）敲响；报敲响；报（时时）；擦 /划（火柴）：The church clock began to strike twelve.strike
13、 a match vi&vt（不幸等不幸等）突然降临；突然袭击：突然降临；突然袭击：The Great Flu Epidemic of 1918,also called the Spanish Flu,struck near the end of World War I.She was practicing surfing when a shark struck.2011 广东改strike(struck,struck/stricken)v vt 不用于进行时不用于进行时 (使使)突然想到突然想到/意识到意识到 to come suddenly into sbs mind：The soluti
14、on struck me immediately.it strikes sb+that 从句从句：It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.vt 给给以某种印象以某种印象 to give sb a particular impression：We were struck by her kindness.What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.strike sb as(being):He strikes me as(being)a very seri
15、ous person.vi 罢工：The bus drivers were striking for more money.该释义源于船员放下船帆拒绝出海strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡：两者兼顾；达到平衡：n C&U 罢工：罢工：He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.strike a deal 达成协议达成协议strike fear/terror into sbs heart 使某人感到害怕使某人感到害怕/恐惧恐惧The workers will go on st
16、rike if the demands they put forward are turned down.某物某物“击打击打”某物某物指针指针“击打击打”钟表钟表灾难等事件灾难等事件“击打击打”人人灵感、想法等灵感、想法等“击打击打”大脑大脑打；撞击打；撞击（时钟等时钟等）敲响；报敲响；报（时）（不幸等不幸等）突然降临；突然降临；突然袭击突然袭击（使使）突然想到突然想到 /意识到意识到strike语义网络图strike击打击打基本义基本义“击打击打”工作工作罢工罢工“击打击打”在人的印象中在人的印象中给给以某种印象以某种印象火柴火柴“击打击打”火柴盒侧火柴盒侧面摩擦起火面摩擦起火擦；划辨析辨析
17、 beat,hit,strike 三个词都有“打”、“击”的意思，但用法不完全相同。beat 指用手或物等连续地打、敲击，如殴打或体罚，敲鼓、桌子等，还可指心脏跳动、打拍子和雨水的冲击。She was beating the dust out of the carpet.Her heart was beating with joy.hit 表示瞬间的动作，强调打中或击中这一结果，或强调敲打、打击对象的某一点，只作及物动词用。He shot his arrow and hit the target.strike 指用力地“打击”，表示短暂的动作，含有急速的或突然的一次性的殴打、打击或敲击，是普通
18、用词；还可表示敲钟、报时。有时与hit通用，指灾难侵袭。The car ran out of control and hit/struck a tree.stricken adj 正式用语正式用语 受灾的；患病的；受苦的：受灾的；患病的；受苦的：earthquake-stricken areas词汇拓展词汇拓展 striker n C 罢工者；罢工者；（足球的足球的）前锋；前锋；（棒球的棒球的）击球手击球手 striking adj 惊人的；显著的；引人注目的惊人的；显著的；引人注目的 very noticeable;making a strong impression必修二必修二 U4现代英
19、语中很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。其中有一类是表示地点或场所的名词转化为动词表示地点或场所的名词转化为动词。读下面的句子，体会画线词的含义：读下面的句子，体会画线词的含义：As soon as I had parked the car,I rushed into the bank.2008 北京Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations.2021 新高考A rescue worker risked his life sav
20、ing two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.2018 北京I was wrapped（包裹）heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.2014 四川 I had roomed with him in New Haven when we were both at Yale Law School.名词动化停（车）停（车）给给房子住房子住/提供住处提供住处使陷入困境使陷入困境受到庇护受到庇护合住合住本单元金句汇总本单元金句
21、汇总1.When we visited my old family home,memory came flooding back.2.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.3.Dont damage your health for a good figure.4.Dont let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.5.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.6.She was deeply
22、 affected by the story.7.Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.8.We should find a shelter from the wind.9.Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms.随堂检测写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen
23、 for the money-making jobs.(2010 福建)_2.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running out.We must act immediately before theres none left.(2012 重庆)_3.The rain caused the streets to flood and the subway system almost came to a stop.(2008 山东)_4.Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people
24、.(2017 天津)_flood大量的大量的/大批的大批的洪水泛滥的地区被淹没被淹没大量涌入大量涌入rescue 汉译英。汉译英。1.救援人员 _2.营救某人(n)_ 3.营救行动 _ 4.从中救出某人(v)_ rescue workerscome to sbs rescuerescue effort/operation/attemptrescue sb from 1.The bus was badly _ when it hit the wall.2.The building was completely _ by fire.3.It poured with rain and my dres
25、s got _.4.This illness has _ my life.5.Ninety percent of their island was _ and they had nothing.(2012 山东)6.The homeless shelter was entirely _ in the huge earthquake.一、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。一、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。ruin damage destroydamageddestroyedruinedruineddestroyeddestroyeddamage,destroy,ruin1.The bad weather
26、 _(毁了我们的旅行).2.Too much packaging is _(对造成严重损坏)the environment.(2010 山东)3.A number of paintings in this castle are believed to _(被毁掉)in a fire in 2009.(2011 湖北完成句子)二、根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。doing/causing serious damage to have been destroyed ruined our trip一、一、根据句意选出根据句意选出 affect 的最佳释义。的最佳释义。
27、_ 1.Welch examined a sick boy,Billy,and knew he had diphtheria,a deadly disease mainly affecting children.(2016 北京改)_ 2.With the governments aid,those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.(2009 上海改)_ 3.I was deeply affected by the film.影响影响 常用于被动语态使感动；打动使感动；打动 使感染使感染（疾病）affec
28、t,effect二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Global warming is _(对产生巨大的影响)hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.(2012 四川)2.The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport an unwelcome _(副作用)researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车)services.(2018 北京)
29、3.According to the recent research,heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily _(因果关系).4.Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they _(生效).(2009 山东)having a great effect on side effect cause and effect take effect 三三、选出适当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。、选出适当的单词，并用其适当形式填空。(aff
30、ect,effect)1.I tried to persuade(说服)him,but with little or no _.2.When I was 50,my weight problem began to _ me seriously.(2017 天津改)effectaffect一、英译汉。一、英译汉。1.to take shelter from the storm _ 2.food and shelter _ 3.a homeless shelter _二、汉译英。二、汉译英。1.备受呵护的生活 _2.动物收容所 _ 3.在的庇护下 _ 4.躲避(n)_ 躲避暴风雨躲避暴风雨unde
31、r the shelter oftake shelter froma well/very sheltered life食物和住处食物和住处无家可归者的收容所无家可归者的收容所an animal sheltershelter三、根据提示完成下列句子。三、根据提示完成下列句子。1.He is trying to _(庇护他弟弟不受责备).(v)2.I was dressed heavily and _(在寒风凛冽的天气里受到了很好的庇护).(freezing and blowing)(2014 四川阅读改)3.He _(避雨)under a bridge.shelter his brother from blamewell sheltered from the freezing and blowing weatherfound/took shelter from the rain 或或 sheltered from the rain谢谢观赏
